小学语法要点及习题

PEP小学英语语法要点及习题（2）
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do；
②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1.      问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2.      问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this
afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3.     问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going
to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：
填空。
1.  我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.  下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3.        你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4.        你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。
5.        Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6.        I’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I _______ go ______ join them.
7.        I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8.        We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9.        She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10.        My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11.        Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12.        My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13.        Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14.        What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15.        It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16.        What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17.        Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18.        Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19.        David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20.        I ________________ (plan) for my study now
PEP小学英语语法要点及习题（3）
五、一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？
如：        What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？
如：Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do  ________
Be动词的过去时练习（1）
Name ____________    No. ______ Date __________
一、        用be动词的适当形式填空
1.        I _______ at school just now.
2.        He ________ at the camp last week.
3.        We ________ students two years ago.
4.        They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5.        Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6.        There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7.        There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8.        The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
二、        句型转换
1. It was exciting.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. All the students were very excited.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3. They were in his pocket.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
Be动词的过去时练习（2）
Name ____________    No. ______ Date __________
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.        I ______ an English teacher now.
2.        She _______ happy yesterday.
3.        They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4.        Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5.        The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6.        Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7.        There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8.        Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
二、句型转换
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、        中译英
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。
___________________________________________________________
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。
___________________________________________________________
3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。
___________________________________________________________
PEP小学英语语法要点及习题（4）
行为动词的过去时练习（1）
Name ____________    No. ______ Date __________
一、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.
二、句型转换
1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. Nancy went to school early.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3. We sang some English songs.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习（2）
Name ____________    No. ______ Date __________
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
二、句型转换
1. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、中译英
1. 格林先生去年住在中国。
________________________________________________________
2. 昨天我们参观了农场。
________________________________________________________
3. 他刚才在找他的手机。
________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（1）
Name ____________    No. ______ Date __________
一、        用动词的适当形式填空
1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.
9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.
10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
二、        中译英
1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。
_________________________________________________________
2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。
_________________________________________________________
3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。
_________________________________________________________
4. 你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。
_________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（2）
Name ____________    No. ______ Date __________
一、        用动词的适当形式填空
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.
Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)
5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water)
8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)
二、中译英
1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。
_________________________________________________________
2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。
_________________________________________________________
3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。
_________________________________________________________
PEP小学英语语法要点及习题（5）
六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习
一、形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。
2．形容词加er的规则：
⑴一般在词尾加er ；
⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；
⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。
3．不规则形容词比较级：
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
二、副词的比较级
1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)
三、练习
一)、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级
old__________   young________   tall_______   long________
short________   strong________   big________   small_______
fat_________    thin__________   heavy______   light________
nice_________   good_________   beautiful__________________
low__________   high_________   slow_______   fast________
late__________   early_________   far_________   well_______
二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：
1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.
2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.
6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.
9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.
10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.
14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
15.The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.
三)、翻译句子：
1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。
________ is _________than Jim？  ________ are
2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.
________  _________ than David?  Gao Shan  ________.
3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.
4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？  我的弟弟的。
_________ apples  ________  ________,your _______ or your _______?
My ____________  ___________.
5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。
_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am.
6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。
He _______ as  __________ as ________  ________ Jim.
7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。
________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______?
No, _________ _________ than him.
8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。
Yang Ling ________ to _______   ________ than Su Yang every day.
9.我跳得和Mike一样远。
I _________ as _______ as Mike.
10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
____ Tom _____   _____ than you?No,he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____.
11.多做运动，你会更强壮。
________ more exercise,you’ll ________    _________ soon.
12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。
I ______ ________ at Science.But I don’t _________ well in Chinese.
13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。
____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing?No,I______it _____than___.
14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。
I like_______.All my______   _______  _______than me.
15.我的姐姐起得比我早。
My_____  _____ up _____than me.
16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。
____the girls______   ______   ______the boys? Yes,they ____.
17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。
She doesn’t ____   _____  in PE. But I don’t   ______   _____than_____.
18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。
___ you ____football _____than your classmates?No,they____as____as me.
19．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。
My_____    _____   ______than my ______.
20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。
_____sweater_____  as_______as_____.
21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。
My dress_____  too_____. I want to _____a______one.
22. I‘m taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较)
I‘m _________ as ________ as Mike .
PEP小学英语语法要点及习题（6）
七、There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
How many +         名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
What’s + 介词短语？
Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”
1. I________a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder.
4. _____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________some dresses.
6. They___________a nice garden.
7. What do you___________?
8. ______________a reading-room in the building?
9. What does Mike___________?
10. ______________any books in the bookcase?
11. My father_________a story-book.
12. _______________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase?
14. How many students____________in the classroom?
15. My parents___________some nice pictures.
16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.
18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents.
20. ______________many children on the hill.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1、There        a lot of sweets in the box.
2、There        some milk in the glass.
3、There        some people under the the big tree.
4、There        a picture and a map on the wall.
5、There        a box of rubbers near the books.
6、There        lots of flowers in our garden last year.
7、There       a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.
8、There        four cups of coffee on the table.
Fill  in  the  blank  with  “ have,  has ”
1.  I_________ a nice puppet.
2.  He_________a good friend.
3.  They__________ some masks.
4.  We___________some flowers.
5.  She___________ a duck.
6.  My father____________ a new bike.
7.  Her mother___________a vase.
8.  Our teacher_________ an English book.
9.     Our teachers___________a basketball.
10.   Their parents___________some blankets
11.   Nancy_________many skirts.
12.   David__________some jackets.
13.   My friends__________a football.
14.   What do you__________?
15.   What does Mike__________?
16.   What do your friends___________?
17.   What does Helen___________?
18.   His brother________a basketball.
19.   Her sister_________a nice doll.
20.   Miss Li__________an English book.
八、人称代词和物主代词
1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。
人称代词                           物主代词
主格        宾格                       形容词性        名词性
我                  I        me        我的                   my        mine
你，你们          you        you        你的，你们的          your        yours
他                 he        him        他的                   his        his
她                 she        her        她的                   her        hers
它                 it        it        它的                      its        its
我们               we        us        我们的                  our        ours
他（她，它）们   they        them        他（她，它）们的     their        theirs
一.填写代词表
I                                it        we
you                                                them
his                                your
hers
二.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.  That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big.  ( I )
2.       The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3.       Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4.       _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5.   _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6.   Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ?  ( she )
7.   I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
8.    Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9.    I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10.   Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they )
11.   Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12.   _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13.   That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14.   Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15.   Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16.   _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17.   _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18.   So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19.   I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20.   May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21.   Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
九、用am, is, are 填空
1. I ______ a boy.  ______ you a boy?   No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack‘s sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother?   She ______ at home.
7. How  _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______  they?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14.Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______  for Su Yang.
17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Gao shan‘s shirt _______ over there.
21. My sister‘s name ______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang Fang‘s pencil.
23.  ______  David and Helen from England?
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some apples on the tree.
26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?
27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?
28. There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
30. You, he and I ______ from China