赫尔佐格联大演讲(1975)

赫尔佐格联大演讲(1975) [转贴 2009-12-04 00:04:21] 
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1975年11月10日，联合国大会以七十二票赞成、三十五票反对、三十二票弃权，通过了3379号决议，就是著名的"犹太复国主义就是种族主义"决议，它号召所有的国家都把犹太复国主义视为种族主义，并与之战斗。这份决议并没有约束力，因而，象征的意义大于实际的意义。
以色列代表哈伊姆·赫尔佐格在决议通过后做了发言，在发言的最后，说完了"对于我们犹太民族，它无非是一张纸，我们也确实把它当作一张纸。"他随即把决议撕碎，随后退出会场。
(Statement in the General Assembly by Ambassador Herzog on the item "Elimination of all forms of racial discrimination", 10 November 1975.
Immediately after the adoption of Resolution 3379, Ambassador Herzog rose to denounce the resolution, those who voted for its adoption and expounded at length on the origin and meaning of Zionism. He said that Israel was not bound by this resolution and will not abide by it. )
哈伊姆·赫尔佐格的演讲辞：
今天的辩论，也许将会成为联合国命运的一个转折，将会决定联合国在未来的存在。而它居然选在了11月10日，这实在具有象征的意义，因为这个夜晚在历史上，是因为三十七年前的水晶之夜而为人们记住。在1938年11月10日的夜晚，希特勒纳粹冲锋队在德国全境向犹太人聚居区发动了协同攻击，他们烧毁了各大城市的犹太教会堂，并在街头燃起篝火，把搜到的犹太教经典扔到熊熊火焰中。就是这个夜晚，无数犹太家庭受到了攻击，他们的家长被带走，很多人从此杳无音讯。就是这个夜晚，在犹太人的商店、作坊，窗玻璃都被砸破，在德国大小城市的街道上布上了一层薄薄的碎玻璃片，散成千百万个水晶球，水晶之夜的名字就由此而来。就是这个夜晚，最终带来了焚尸炉、毒气室，带来了奥斯维辛和布痕瓦尔德和其他集中营。就是这个夜晚，带来了人类历史上最令人惊骇的大屠杀。
It is symbolic that this debate, which may well prove to be a turning point in the fortunes of the United Nations and a decisive factor as to the possible continued existence of this Organization, should take place on 10 November. This night, 37 years ago, has gone down in history as the Kristallnacht, or the Night of the Crystals. This was the night of 10 November 1938 when Hitler's nazi stormtroopers launched a co-ordinated attack on the Jewish community in Germany, burnt the synagogues in all the cities and made bonfires in the streets, of the Holy Books and the Scrolls of the Holy Laws and the Bible. It was the night when Jewish homes were attacked and heads of families were taken away, many of them never to return. It was the night when the windows of all Jewish businesses and stores were smashed, covering the streets in the cities of Germany with a film of broken glass which dissolved into millions of crystals, giving that night the name of Kristallnacht, the Night of the Crystals. It was the night which led eventually to the crematoria and the gaschambers, to Auschwitz, Birkenau, Dachau, Buchenwald, Theresienstadt, and others. It was the night which led to the most terrifying holocaust in the history of man.
选在这样一个日子，这个会让我们会想到人类历史一段最黑暗时期的日子，讨论这个决议草案，这实在是凑巧，因为这份草案，它的设计人的愿望就是要使中东偏离和平的进程，他的内心充满了对犹太人的深深仇恨。同样凑巧的是，联合国，这个最早脱胎于反纳粹联盟的组织，三十年后，自己却日益成为世界上反犹太人的中心。如果希特勒有机会在过去的一年里和我们共同度过许多场景，听到我们这个论坛的辩论，尤其是有关锡安主义的这场辩论，他一定会眉飞色舞。
It is indeed fitting, that this draft, conceived in the desire to deflect the Middle East from its moves towards peace, and born of a deep, pervading feeling of anti-Semitism, should come up for debate on this day which recalls one of the tragic days in one of the darkest periods of history. It is indeed fitting that the United Nations, which began its life as an anti-Nazi Alliance, should, 30 years later, find itself on its way to becoming the world centre of anti-Semitism. Hitler would have felt at home on a number of occasions during the past year, listening to the proceedings in this form and, above all, to the proceedings during the debate on Zionism.
我们不妨冷静思考一下，如果我们现在要考虑如何去攻击锡安主义，这会将联合国贬低到一种什么水平？这种攻击之邪恶，不仅在于它是反犹主义中最恶劣的一种类型，还在于它是一个世界性的组织在对犹太教进行攻击，它所以攻击的是人类历史上最古老的一种宗教，曾为世界贡献出了圣经那样的人性观念、而且也是其他两大宗教--基督教和伊斯兰教--的源头的一种宗教。思考一下我们今天在这里，在1975年，在这个会上做的事情，这并不可悲：我们现在正在考虑如何对一个伟大的宗教进行恶意的诋毁，它曾为世界贡献了圣经和十诫，贡献了古代的先知、还有摩西、以赛亚、阿摩司这些先知，贡献了迈蒙尼德、斯宾诺沙、马克思和爱因斯坦这样的伟大思想家，还贡献了无数的艺术大师；它的人民在诺贝尔奖获得者中所占的比例，无论是科学奖、还是人文艺术奖，都不逊于其他任何一个民族。
It is a sobering reflection indeed to consider to what this body has been dragged down, if we are obliged today to contemplate an attack on Zionism. For this attack constitutes not only an anti-Semitic attack of the foulest type, but also an attack in this world body on Judaism, one of the oldest-established religions in the world, a religion which has given the world the human values of the Bible, a religion, from which two other great religions, Christianity and Islam, sprang - a great and established religion that has given to the world the Bible with its Ten Commandments; the great prophets of old, Moses, Isaiah, Amos; the great thinkers of history, Maimonides, Spinoza, Marx, Einstein; many of the masters of the arts; and as high a percentage of Nobel Prize winners in the world, in the sciences, the arts and the humanities, as has been achieved by any other people on earth.
我们不禁想知道，这些国家在它们加入这场攻击的时候，所希望的是什么呢？它们可是自诩为是文明世界的成员，而这次攻击又是自中世纪以来针对一种宗教的第一次有组织的攻击啊。确实，我们知道那些提出这个决议草案的人会把我们带到哪里了：带到中世纪！
One can but ponder and wonder at the prospect of countries, which consider themselves to be part of the civilized world, joining in this first organized attack on an established religion since the Middle Ages. Yes, to these depths are we being dragged by those who propose this draft resolution to the Middle Ages.
第三次会议讨论的这个决议草案，原本是要谴责种族主义和殖民主义，在这个主题上是可以达成一致意见，而且这种一致意见对我们全体、尤其对我们的非洲伙伴意义非比寻常。然而，这却不是某些国家想要的，它们迷恋于机械多数带给他们的权力感，于是无视这一问题上达成一致意见的重要意义，凭借机械的多数，粗暴地催促委员会做出决定，将锡安主义也列入讨论的范围。我很难克制自己不去指责这种卑劣的动机。
The draft resolution before the Third Committee was originally a resolution condemning racism and colonialism, a subject on which consensus could have been achieved, a consensus which is of great importance to all of us and to our African colleagues in particular. However, instead of this being permitted to happen, a group of countries, drunk with the feeling of power inherent in the automatic majority, and without regard to the importance of achieving a consensus on this issue, railroaded the Committee in a contemptuous manner by the use of the automatic majority, into bracketing Zionism with the subject under discussion. Indeed, it is difficult to speak of this base move with any measure of restraint.
我来到这个论坛，并非要为犹太民族在道德和历史上的价值做辩护，它无须这样的辩护。他们已经为自己做了证明，他们已经为人类奉献了许多伟大而永恒的价值，他们已经为人类精神做了许多贡献，而这一切都不是这样一个论坛可以做出衡量的。
I do not come to this rostrum to defend the moral and historical values of the Jewish people. They do not need to be defended. They speak for themselves. They have given to mankind much of what is great and eternal. They -have done for the spirit of man more than can readily be appreciated in a forum such as this one.
我来到这里是为了谴责两种罪恶：仇恨与无知。正是这两种罪恶，泛泛地说是威胁着所有社会，具体而言则是威胁着联合国的存在。在这项决议草案的发起人和支持者背后，正是这两种罪恶在推动着他们，这正是他们行事的方式，他们才会把联合国这个世界性组织--它的最早的构想还是来自以色列的众先知--贬低到今天这样的地步。
I come here to denounce the two great evils which menace society in general and a society of nations in particular. These two evils are hatred and ignorance. These two evils are the motivating force behind the proponents of this draft resolution and their supporters. These two evils characterize those who would drag this world organization, the idea of which was first conceived by the prophets of Israel, to the depths to which it has been dragged today.
要理解锡安主义，可以从它的名字入手。在圣经里，古代耶路撒冷有两座山，东边的一座叫锡安山（译者注：锡安主义按其字面意思直译是"锡安主义"，它的词根就是"锡安"(Zion)），时间在公元前十世纪，在《旧约》中，"锡安"的称呼出现了一百五十二次，是用来指代耶路撒冷。所以用这个称呼，多数的时候带有诗的、或者预言的意味，而这个称呼所以会带有宗教性和情感性，又是因为耶路撒冷的重要地位，它是一座王城，也是庙宇之城，在圣经里，锡安山就是上帝的居所。按照《以赛亚书》里的说法，耶路撒冷或锡安山就是上帝为王的地方，而根据《诗篇》，那里也是他立大卫王的地方。
The key to understanding Zionism lies in its name. In the Bible, the westernmost of the two hills of ancient Jerusalem was called Zion. The period was the tenth century B.C. In fact, the name "Zion" appears 152 times in the Old Testament referring to Jerusalem. The name is overwhelmingly a poetic and prophetic designation. The religious and emotional qualities of the name arise from the importance of Jerusalem as the Royal City and the City of the Temple. "Mount Zion" is the place where God dwells according to the Bible. Jerusalem or Zion, is a place where the Lord is King according to Isaiah, and where he has installed his King David, as quoted in the Psalms.
大约三千年前，大卫王定耶路撒冷为以色列的首都，之后耶路撒冷一致保持着都城的地位。经过很多世纪，"锡安"这个词用得越来越多，含义也扩展，成为整个以色列的代城。流亡中的以色列人无法忘记锡安。
King David made Jerusalem the capital of Israel almost 3,000 years ago, and Jerusalem has remained the capital ever since. During the centuries the term "Zion" grew and expanded to mean the whole of Israel. The Israelites in exile could not forget Zion.
坐在巴比伦河边的希伯莱诗人曾经立过这样的誓言："如果我忘怀了你，耶路撒冷，就让我的右臂忘了怎么动作吧。"这句誓言，几千年来，世界各地的犹太人都记得，都反复立同样的誓。这句誓言，它的产生比基督教诞生要早七百年，比伊斯兰教诞生要早一千二百年。
The Hebrew psalmist sat by the waters of Babylon and swore "If I forget thee, 0 Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning". This oath has been repeated for thousands of years by Jews throughout the world. It is an oath which was made over 700 years before the advent of Christianity, and over 1,200 years before the advent of Islam.
正是因为有了这些含义，锡安慢慢地就代表犹太人的家园，成为犹太教的象征，也是犹太人各种民族渴望的象征。
In view of all these connotations, Zion came to mean the Jewish homeland, symbolic of Judaism, of Jewish national aspirations.
每一个犹太人，在他向上帝祷告的时候，无论他身在何处，都会面朝耶路撒冷。在两千多年的流亡生涯中，这些祷告的人一直表达着犹太民族渴望返回宗教民族家园--以色列的心声。而在事实上，千百年来，在这一地区，或多或少一直都有犹太人存在着。
Every Jew, while praying to his God, wherever he is in the world, faces towards Jerusalem. These prayers have expressed for over 2,000 years of exile the yearning of the Jewish people to return to its ancient homeland, Israel. In fact, a continuous Jewish presence, in larger or smaller numbers, has been maintained in the country over the centuries.
锡安主义就是犹太人民民族运动的代名词，是古代犹太人精神遗产的现代表达。锡安主义所蕴涵的理念，最早见于圣经，产生之后，就一直是犹太教的一个不可缺少的组成部分，过去如此，现在依然如此。
Zionism is the name of the national movement of the Jewish people and is the modern expression of the ancient Jewish heritage. The Zionist ideal, as set out in the Bible, has been, and is, an integral part of the Jewish religion.
锡安主义之于犹太民族，一如民族解放运动之于亚洲非洲的各个民族。锡安主义可以说是人类历史上最为激动人心、也最卓有成效的民族运动，从历史来看，它的根基在于那个信仰圣经的民族和产生圣经的土地之间一种独一无二、不可分割的联系。这一联系已经持续了四千年之久。
Zionism is to the Jewish people what the liberation movement of Africa and Asia have been to their peoples. Zionism is one of the most stirring and constructive national movements in human history. Historically, it is based on a unique and unbroken connection, extending some 4,000 years, between the People of the Book and the Land of the Bible.
在现代，是在十九世纪晚期，犹太人民受了双重力量的推动，一个是对犹太人的迫害，一个是当时的民族主义潮流，于是组织起犹太复国运动，希望把自己的梦想变成现实。犹太复国运动也是一场政治运动，它是一个被压迫民族在反犹主义盛行的国家里不堪忍受各种屈辱、歧视和压迫、起而反抗的运动。所以，我们看到，今天的这份决议草案，它的发起人和支持者中就包括了那些一直到今天都还在继续歧视犹太人、还在继续犯下可怕的罪行的国家，这不是巧合，也并不让人惊讶。
In modern times, in the late 19th century, spurred by the twin forces of anti-Semitic persecution and nationalism, the Jewish people organized the Zionist movement in order to transform its dream into reality. Zionism, as a political movement, was the revolt of an oppressed nation against the depredations and wicked discrimination and oppression of the countries in which anti-Semitism flourished. It is indeed no coincidence at all, and not surprising, that the sponsors and supporters of this draft resolution include countries which are guilty of the horrible crime of anti-Semitism and discrimination to this very day.
在国际联盟的巴勒斯坦托管决议中，就明文表示了支持犹太复国运动的目标，1947年联合国再次确认了这一点，当时，联合国大会以压倒多数票通过决议，支持犹太民族在他们祖先的土地上重建一个独立国家。
Support for the aim of Zionism was written into the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, and was again endorsed by the United Nations in 1947, when the General Assembly voted by an overwhelming majority for the restoration of Jewish independence in our ancient land.
犹太民族在历经无数世纪反抗外来压迫的斗争和流亡之后，能够重新在以色列建立独立国家，这证明了民族平等、民族自决权这些基本概念的有效；而否认犹太国家存在和自由的权利，则无异于剥夺犹太人民享有地球上所有其他民族都享有的权利，无异于否认联合国的核心概念。
The re-establishment of Jewish independence in Israel, after centuries of struggle to overcome foreign conquest and exile, is a vindication of the fundamental concepts of the equality of nations and of self-determination. To question the Jewish people's right to national existence and freedom, is not only to deny to the Jewish people the right accorded to every other people on this globe but is also to deny the central precepts of the United Nations.
锡安主义，它的含义仅仅在于--不多，但也不少于--犹太民族的一种意识，他们意识到自己的起源、命运都存在于这块土地上，这块和它的名字永远联系在一起的土地上，同时，它也是犹太民族借以真正实现自我的一种工具。这一幕戏剧，它演出的舞台正好是阿拉伯民族以二十个民族国家的形式实现自己主权的地区，其人口有十亿，面积有四百五十万平方公里，资源极其丰富。所以，问题并不是整个世界应该如何对待阿拉伯的民族主义，而是阿拉伯民族主义在占有了那么多的利益、财富和机会之后，如何对待另一个同属于中东的民族追求一种安全和平生活的、同等的、同时也是起码的权利？
For Zionism is nothing more - and nothing less - than the Jewish people's sense of origin and destination in the land, linked eternally with its name. It is also the instrument whereby the Jewish nation seeks an authentic fulfilment of itself. And the drama is enacted in the region in which the Arab nation has realized its sovereignty in 20 States, comprising a hundred million people in four and a half million square miles, with vast resources. The issue therefore is not whether the world will come to terms with Arab nationalism. The question is, at what point Arab nationalism, with its prodigious glut of advantage, wealth and opportunity, will come to terms with the modest but equal rights of another Middle Eastern nation to pursue its life in security and peace.
阿拉伯代表在这里对犹太复国运动恶毒的谩骂，或许会给大会留下错误的印象，以为固然世界其他地方有国家支持犹太民族解放运动，阿拉伯世界却是一直敌视犹太复国运动的。这不符合事实。阿拉伯领袖中，也有意识到犹太民族的权利，完全肯定犹太复国运动的正当的。谢里夫·侯赛因，这位一战时期阿拉伯世界的领袖，就欢迎犹太人回到巴勒斯坦。他的儿子，埃米尔·费萨尔，他作为阿拉伯世界的代表参加了1919年的巴黎和会，在3月3日，他这样谈到了犹太复国运动：
The vicious diatribes on Zionism voiced here by Arab representatives, may give this Assembly the wrong impression, that while the rest of the world supported the Jewish national liberation movement, the Arab world was always hostile to Zionism. That is not the case. Arab leaders, cognizant of the rights of the Jewish people, fully endorsed the virtues of Zionism. Sheriff Hussein, the leader of the Arab world during the First World War, welcomed the return of the Jews to Palestine. His son, Emir Feisal, who represented the Arab world in the Paris Peace Conference had this to say about Zionism on 3 March 1919:
"我们阿拉伯人，尤其其中受过教育的那一部分，对于犹太复国运动怀有最深挚的同情。……我们祝愿犹太人有一个衷心接纳他们的家庭。……我们正在为改造近东而共同努力，这两大运动彼此之间可以互相补充。这场运动是民族主义运动而非帝国主义运动，在叙利亚，有我们共同可以容身的地方。平心而论，我以为我们谁离开了对方，运动都不会成功。"
"We Arabs, especially the educated among us, look with deepest sympathy on the Zionist movement... We will wish the Jews a hearty welcome home... We are working together for a reformed and revised Near East, and our two movements complement one another. The movement is national and not imperialistic. There is room in Syria for us both. Indeed, I think that neither can be a success without the other."
也许还可以提一件和我们讨论相关的事情，1947年联合国辩论巴勒斯坦问题的时候，苏联坚决地支持了犹太人的建国斗争。尤其关系到我们这场讨论的，是安德烈·葛罗米柯先生在1947年5月14日，也就是我们独立前的一日，发表的评论：
It is perhaps pertinent at this point to recall, that in 1947, when the question of Palestine was being debated in the United Nations, the Soviet Union strongly supported the Jewish independence struggle. It is particularly relevant to recall some of Mr. Andrei Gromyko's remarks on 14 May 1947, one year before our independence:
"就我们所知，犹太民族中，有相当一部分人，他们的愿望能否实现是与巴勒斯坦及其未来政府组织问题联系在一起的。这一点几乎无须证明。在上次大战中，犹太民族遭遇了无与伦比的不幸和苦难，这一切毫不夸大地说，确实是言语难以形容的，也无法用犹太人有多少法西斯受害者这样干巴巴的统计数字来表达。凡是在希特勒军队的占领区，犹太人几乎遭到灭绝，经纳粹之手毁灭的犹太人口总数，据估计接近六百万。
"As we know, the aspirations of a considerable part of the Jewish people are linked with the problem of Palestine and of its future administration. This fact scarcely required proof.. During the last war, the Jewish people underwent exceptional sorrow and suffering. Without any exaggeration, this sorrow and suffering are indescribable. It is difficult to express them in dry statistics on the Jewish victims of the fascist aggressors. The Jews in the territories where the Hitlerites held sway, were subjected to almost complete physical annihilation. The total number of Jews who perished at the hands of the Nazi executioners is estimated at approximately six million ...".
……面对这种局面，联合国不能、也不应该坐视不顾，因为这与联合国宪章所宣布的崇高原则不符，它宣布，将无视种族、宗教和性别的差异，保护所有人的权利。……
"The United Nations cannot and must not regard this situation with indifference, since this would be incompatible with the high principles proclaimed in its Charter, which provides for the defence of human rights, irrespective of race, religion or sex..."
"现实是，面对法西斯暴徒，没有一个西欧国家能够保护犹太人民的基本权利，能够帮助他们抵抗那些暴徒的武力，这说明了为什么犹太人民希望建立自己的国家。不考虑这一切，否认犹太人民有实现这一愿望的权利，这将是有失公正的。"
"The fact that no Western European State has been able to ensure the defence of the elementary rights of the Jewish people and to safeguard it against the violence of the fascist executioners, explains the aspirations of the Jews to establish their own State. It would be unjust not to take this into consideration and to deny the right of the Jewish people to realize this aspiration."
这些就是安德烈·葛罗米柯先生在1947年5月14日联大会议上的发言。
Those were the words of Mr. Andrei Gromyko at the General Assembly session on 14 May 1947.
我们目睹了这些国家，其中不少还是最近刚刚摆脱殖民统治的国家，在对本世纪最为高贵的一场解放运动发出嘲笑的声音，只能感到悲哀，因为这场运动不仅给予过那些争取独立的民族以力量和决心，而且在这些民族预备独立的当中、或者在紧接着独立之后，还给予过它们积极的援助。
How sad it is, to see here a group of nations, many of whom have but recently freed themselves from colonial rule, deriding one of the most noble liberation movements of this century, a movement which not only gave an example of encouragement and determination to the people struggling for independence, but also actively aided many of them during the period of preparation for their independence or immediately thereafter.
你们面对的这场运动，它是一种独一无二的开拓精神的体现，是劳动的尊严、是一些有长久生命力的人类价值的体现，它向世界示范了社会的平等和开放的民主，然而，在决议里，却把它和一些让人憎恶的政治术语联系在一起。
Here you have a movement, which is the embodiment of a unique pioneering spirit, of the dignity of labour, and of enduring human values, a movement which has presented to the world an example of social equality and open democracy, being associated in this resolution with abhorrent political concepts.
在以色列，我们努力在创建一个可以实现人类最高理想的--无论是政治的、社会的、还是文化的--社会，它服务于以色列的全体居民，不因他们宗教信仰、种族和性别的不同而有别。你们可以告诉我，这世界上哪里还有这样的一个多元社会，尽管有各种各样的困难，在这里，阿拉伯人和犹太人却能够和睦相处，人的尊严和法律得到法律的保证，死刑得到废除，言论、运动、思想、表达自由得到维护，甚至是和我们国家目标相对立的那些运动也能在议会找到代表？
We, in Israel, have endeavored to create a society which strives to implement the highest ideals of society - political, social and cultural - for all the inhabitants of Israel, irrespective of religious belief, race or sex. Show me another pluralistic society in this world in which, despite all the difficult problems among which we live, Jew and Arab live together with such a degree of harmony, in which the dignity and rights of man are observed before the law, in which no death sentence is applied, in which freedom of speech, of movement, of thought, of expression are guaranteed, in which even movements, which are opposed to our national aims, are represented in our Parliament.
阿拉伯代表提到了种族主义。种族主义确实存在，但不是存在于他们的嘴唇上。想一想，两千多年来居住在阿拉伯土地上的八十万犹太人，那些还在伊斯兰教诞生之前很久就已经生活在那里、结成了人类历史上最古老的社区的犹太人，他们的命运如何？那些社区今又何在？这个民族发生了什么，他们的财产又哪里去了？
The Arab delegates talk of racism. It lies not in their mouths. What has happened to the 800,000 Jews who lived for over 2,000 years in the Arab lands, who formed some of the most ancient communities long before the advent of Islam? Where are those communities? What happened to the people, what happened to their property?
犹太人在中东国家一度是最重要的社区，是思想、商业和医学的领袖，而今天他们在阿拉伯社会又如何？你们居然说得出口种族主义，我只要自豪地指一指我们内阁中的阿拉伯部长，议会的阿拉伯发言人，指指自愿在我们军队和警察效力、常常也指挥犹太军队的阿拉伯军官和士兵，指指每年从中东各地涌向以色列各大城市的数十万阿拉伯人，指指从中东各地来以色列接受医学治疗的成千上万的阿拉伯人，指一指现在犹太人和阿拉伯人彼此的和平共存，还有阿拉伯语已经成为和希伯莱语并列的官方语言的事实，此外还有一个事实就是，在以色列阿拉伯人担任公共职务是极其自然的事情，而正如他们很多人所承认的，在任何一个阿拉伯国家，设想一个犹太人担任公共职务这都是不可能的。现在，请问这是种族主义吗？这不是。这是锡安主义。
The Jews were once one of the important communities in the countries of the Middle East, the leaders of thought, of commerce, of medical science. Where are they in Arab society today? You dare talk of racism when I can point with pride to the Arab Ministers who have served in my Government; to the Arab deputy speaker of my Parliament; to Arab officers and men serving of their own volition in our defence, border and police forces, frequently commanding Jewish troops; to the hundreds of thousands of Arabs from all over the Middle East crowding the cities of Israel every year; to the thousands of Arabs from all over the Middle East coming for medical treatment to Israel; to the peaceful coexistence which has developed; to the fact that Arabic is an official language in Israel on a par with Hebrew; to the fact that it is as natural for an Arab to serve in public office in Israel as it is incongruous to think of a Jew serving in any public office in any Arab country, indeed being admitted to many of them. Is that racism? It is not. That is Zionism.
我们希望我们的社会，虽然它并不完美，--又有哪一个社会是完美的呢？--但在其中，可以实现以色列众先知所预言的那些景象。我知道我们有很多问题，我知道有很多人反对我们政府的政策，在以色列，同样有很多人不时地会反对政府的政策，他们有这样的自由，因为锡安主义在这片从没有真正实现过民主和言论自由的土地上，第一次创造了一个、（目前也是惟一的一个）真正民主的国家。
It is our attempt to build a society, imperfect though it may be - and what society is perfect? - in which the visions of the prophets of Israel will be realized. I know that we have problems. I know that many disagree with our Government's policies. Many in Israel, too, disagree from time to time with the Government's policies, and are free to do so, because Zionism has created the first and only real democratic State in a part of the world that never really knew democracy and freedom of speech.
这份用心险恶的决议，在设计的时候已经注意改头换面，不让我们看到它的真实意图，然而它的实质依然属于一种危险的反犹主义论调。由于某些人的努力，这种论调正越来越多地进入公共的辩论中，这些人信誓旦旦要做的，就是阻止目前正在发生的民族融合过程，而这一过程最终将为中东带来和平。他们所以要这么做，还有他们其他一些类似的动作，目的都是为了破坏日内瓦中东和平会议上的努力，为了不让那些正在走向和平之路的人们达到他们的目的。但他们不会得逞，因为我可以重申我们政府的政策，我们将尽一切努力推动和平，在谈判妥协的基础上推动和平。
This malicious resolution, designed to divert us from its true purpose, is part of a dangerous anti-Semitic idiom which is being insinuated into every public debate by those who have sworn to block the current move towards accommodation and ultimately towards peace in the Middle East. This, together with similar moves, is designed to sabotage the efforts of the Geneva Conference for peace in the Middle East. But they will not succeed, for I can but reiterate my government's policy to make every move in the direction towards peace, based on compromise.
今天我们在这里看到的，无非是一直激荡着阿拉伯社会的那种恶毒的反闪族、反犹太人情绪的另一个证明。本来，我们谁会相信，历史已经到了1975年，阿拉伯政府还会正式散播一些关于犹太复国运动元老的无耻谰言？我们谁会相信，我们会遇到一个这样的阿拉伯社会，在幼儿园里就开始向儿童灌输罪恶的反犹太人情绪？我们谁会相信，今天，一个阿拉伯国家的元首在访问别国的时候，会因为形势的需要，公开发泄最低级的反犹主义情绪？受到攻击的是我们，而攻击我们的，是受到有史以来最为恶劣的种族主义思想激励的一个团体。对于这种种族主义，在一次利比亚首都的黎波里举办的研讨会上，亚西尔·阿拉法特，巴勒斯坦解放组织领导人，在开幕致词中对之做了简明扼要的阐述："在这片地区，除了阿拉伯人不应该有其他任何民族存在。"换言之，从大西洋直到波斯湾之间，中东地区只允许有一个民族存在，那就是阿拉伯民族，其他民族无论它与这一地区渊源有多深，都不能享有决定自己命运的权利。
We are seeing here today but another manifestation of the bitter anti-Semitic, anti-Jewish hatred which animates Arab society. Who would have believed that in the year of 1975 the malicious falsehoods of the Elders of Zion would be distributed officially by Arab Governments? Who would have believed that we would today contemplate an Arab society which teaches the vilest anti-Jewish hate in the kindergartens? Who would have believed that an Arab Head of State would feel obliged to indulge publicly in anti-Semitism of the cheapest nature when visiting a friendly nation? We are being attacked by a society which is motivated by the most extreme form of racism known in the world today. This is the racism which was expressed so succinctly in the words of the leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), Yasser Arafat, in his opening address at a symposium in Tripoli, Libya, and I quote: "There will be no presence in the region except for the Arab presence". In other words, in the Middle East, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Persian Gulf, only one presence is allowed, and that is the Arab presence. No other people, regardless of how deep are its roots in the region, is to be permitted to enjoy its right of self-determination.
看一看伊拉克库尔德人的悲惨命运，看一看苏丹南部黑人遭遇的不幸，看一看一整个基督教社团在黎巴嫩遭遇的危险；再看一看巴解组织公开宣布的政策,——它在《巴勒斯坦誓约》中公开呼吁摧毁以色列国，同时反对在巴勒斯坦问题上进行任何妥协，而且，按照前一天它的代表在这间大厅里所说的，它把特拉维夫看作被占领区。看看这一切，你们就会理解大会所讨论的这项罪恶决议的真正根源，你们会看到世界上一直存在的两种罪恶又在这里兴风作浪：存在于提出这项决议的阿拉伯国家身上的盲目仇恨，和存在于那些支持者身上的全然无知。
Look at the tragic fate of the Kurds of Iraq. Look at what happened to the black population in southern Sudan. Look at the dire peril in which an entire community of Christians finds itself in Lebanon. Look at the avowed policy of the PLO, which calls, in itsPalestine Covenant, for the destruction of the State of Israel, which denies any form of compromise on the Palestine issue, and which, in the words of its representative only the other day in this building, considers Tel Aviv to be occupied territory. Look at all this and you see before you the root cause of the pernicious resolution brought before this Assembly. You see the twin evils of this world at work: the blind hatred of the Arab proponents of this resolution, and the abysmal ignorance and wickedness of those who support them.
大会面临的问题无关以色列，也无关锡安主义，它关系到的是这一组织的命运。这一世界性的组织，它最早的构思得益于以色列众先知的精神，直接的起源则是在二战的悲剧发生之后，起源于反纳粹同盟，然而，今天它已经堕落成为另一类讲坛，按照一位著名作家--他在一家第一流的社会思想机构里供职--上周说的："（它）迅速堕落成为人类制度史上最为腐化的一项创制……始终占据多数的那些国家，都是以压制反对意见闻名于世，对每一种我们可以想象到的反对，它们都实行种族主义的镇压，几乎没有一个例外。"这位作家继续解释辩论中所发生的现象：
The issue before this Assembly is neither Israel nor Zionism. The issue is the fate of this organizaiton. Conceived in the spirit of the prophets of Israel, born out of an anti-Nazi alliance after the tragedy of World War II, it has degenerated into a forum which was this last week described by [Paul Johnson] one of the leading writers in a foremost organ of social and liberal thought in the West as "rapidly becoming one of the most corrupt and corrupting creations in the whole history of human institutions ... almost without exception those in the majority came from states notable for racist oppression of every conceivable hue." He goes on to explain the phenomenon of this debate:
"以色列是一个社会民主国家，是世界上最近于自由的社会主义的国家。它的人民和政府真正尊重人的生命，而且态度非常之坚定，所以，在过去的二十五年，虽然也有各种争论，但他们从未处决任何一个被他们抓获的恐怖分子。他们的文化历史悠久却仍然保持了生命力，他们的技术也非常发达。在他们国家成立之后这段短暂的时间里，他们把那么多的民族性集于一身，比之多数新近成立、其代表在联合国大楼外面趾高气扬、大摇大摆的国家，不啻是一记响亮的耳光。所以以色列才遭人嫉恨，所以有人才必欲置之死地而后快。消灭以色列一直是国际恐怖组织的一个主要目标，他们的盘算是，如果能够把以色列打垮，那么要摧毁其他各种文明也就不在话下了。"
"Israel is a social democracy, the nearest approach to a free socialist state in the world; its people and government have a profound respect for human life, so passionate indeed that, despite every conceivable provocation, they have refused for a quarter of a century to execute a single captured terrorist. They also have an ancient but vigorous culture, and a flourishing technology. The combination of national qualities they have assembled in their brief existence as a state is a perpetual and embittering reproach to most of the new countries whose representatives swagger about the UN building. So Israel is envied and hated; and efforts are made to destroy her. The extermination of the Israelis has long been the prime objective of the Terrorist International; they calculate that if they can break Israel, then all the rest of civilisation is vulnerable to their assaults....
最后，他的结论是："一个不幸的事实是，文明的蜡烛正越烧越短，这正是我担心的。现在越来越多地控制这个世界的，不是资本主义、共产主义、社会民主主义、甚或什么蛮族主义，而是一部误人子弟的政治手册，里面收罗的都是过去半个世纪积累的一些陈词滥调，它现在握有了一种近乎僧侣的、同时也是堕落的权柄。……我们都知道那是些什么东西……"
And then he goes on to conclude: "The melancholy truth, I fear, is that the candles of civilization are burning low. The world is increasingly governed not so much by capitalism, or communism, or social democracy, or even tribal barbarism, as by a false lexicon of political cliches, accumulated over half a century and now assuming a kind of degenerate sacerdotal authority... We all know what they are..."
很多世纪以来，我们的民族不幸一直成为了人类文明程度的试金石，成为熔炼、考验某些价值观念是否可以持久的坩锅。一个民族，它到达的文明程度如何，总是可以用它对犹太人民的行为来衡量。在各种暴行中，犹太人一直首当其冲，他们会是第一个受害者，但不会是最后一个。
Over the centuries it has fallen to the lot of my people to be the testing agent of human decency, the touchstone of civilization, the crucible in which enduring human values are to be tested. A nation's level of humanity could invariably be judged by its behaviour towards its Jewish population. It always began with the Jews but never ended with them.
沙皇俄国时代对犹太人的屠杀，正是这种冰山顶上的一角，它所揭示的正是这一政权本身已经完全腐烂，结果，很快它就在革命的风暴中无影无踪。纳粹对犹太人的暴行，也只是未来欧洲灾难的一个预兆。
The anti-Jewish pogroms in Czarist Russia were but the tip of the iceberg which revealed the inherent rottenness of the regime which was soon to disappear in the storm of revolution. The anti-Semitic excesses of the Nazis merely foreshadowed the catastrophe which was to befall mankind in Europe.
这份居心不良的决议，应该对世界所有文明的人民敲响了警钟。犹太民族在做试金石的时候，不幸还没有发生过错误。这项卑鄙的决议，它隐含的内容确实让人震惊。
This wicked resolution must sound the alarm for all decent people in the world. The Jewish people, as a testing agent, has unfortunately never erred. The implications inherent in this shameful move are terrifying indeed.
在这个问题上，现在，世界、由这个大厅代表的世界，分裂成了好与坏、善与恶、人道与堕落两个部分。我们犹太民族将永远会记住那些起身反对这一邪恶提案的国家。我知道，这样一出事件将会增强世界上爱好自由和文明的力量，使他们有更大的决心捍卫自己珍视的价值；我知道，这样一出事件也将给犹太复国运动以力量，一如它削弱了联合国的力量那样。
On this issue, the world as represented in this hall has divided itself into good and bad, decent and evil, human and debased. We, the Jewish people, will recall in history our gratitude to those nations, who stood up and were counted, and who refused to support this wicked proposition. I know that this episode will have strengthened the forces of freedom and decency in this world and will have fortified them in their resolve to strengthen the ideals they so value. I know that this episode will have strengthened Zionism as it has weakened the United Nations.
现在，当我站在这个讲台上，我们民族悠长而光荣的历史在我的心头慢慢闪过。我看到千百年来我们民族的压迫者，在一个罪恶的行列中前后相继，直至被历史遗忘。我站在这里，是作为一个强大兴盛的民族的代表，这个民族，它的生命超过了前面提到的一切，也将超过这份决议的支持者和他们的丑恶表演。我站在这里，作为一个拥有众多先知的民族的代表，其中的一位先知，他对世界所做的崇高的预言激励了这一世界性组织的奠基人，现在，这句预言就写在我们大楼的入口处："这国不再举刀攻击那国，他们也不再学习战事。"（《以赛亚》2：4）。在这段前面，先知以赛亚还宣布："末后的日子……因为训诲必出于锡安，耶和华的言语必出于耶路撒冷。"（《以赛亚》2：2-3）
As I stand on this rostrum, the long and proud history of my people unravels itself before my inward eye, I see the oppressors of our people over the ages as they pass one after another in evil procession into oblivion. I stand here before you as the representative of a strong and flourishing people which has survived them all and which will survive this shameful exhibition and the proponents of this resolution. I stand here as the representative of a people one of whose prophets gave to this world the sublime prophecy which animated the founders of this world Organization and which graces the entrance to this building: "...nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more." (Isaiah ii, 4)  Three verses before that, the Prophet Isaiah proclaimed  "And it shall come to pass in the last days... for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem." (Isaiah, ii, 2 and 3)
现在，当我站在这个讲台上，面对你们，仇恨、无知、罪恶未来可能的牺牲品，犹太历史上那些伟大的时刻又浮现在我的心头。我回顾这些伟大的时刻，回想起这个我有幸在这里作为它代言人的民族的伟大。在这一时刻，我忘不了世界各地的犹太人，无论他们置身何地，是自由的、或是身处奴役中，在这一刻他们的祷告、他们的思想必定是与我同在的。
As I stand on this rostrum, the great moments of Jewish history come to mind as I face you, once again outnumbered and the would-be victim of hate, ignorance and evil. I look back on those great moments. I recall the greatness of a nation which I have the honour to represent in this forum. I am mindful at this moment of the Jewish people throughout the world wherever they may be, be it in freedom or in slavery, whose prayers and thoughts are with me at this moment.
我站在这里并非要恳求什么，你们只管按照道德良知告诉你们的去投票。因为问题不是关系以色列或者锡安主义，而是关系这个组织能够继续存在，现在由于专制政权和种族分子的合谋，它的信用已经降到最低点了。
I stand here not as a, supplicant. Vote as your moral conscience dictates to you. For the issue is not Israel or Zionism. The issue is the continued existence of the Organization which has been dragged to its lowest point of discredit by a coalition of despotisms and racists.
每一个代表的投票，都将把自己国家在反闪族种族主义和反犹太主义中的立场记录在历史的档案里。你们要为自己的立场在历史面前承担责任，因为严格说来裁断你们的将是历史。然而，我们犹太人民却不会忘记。
The vote of each delegation will record in history its country's stand on anti-Semitic racism and anti-Judaism. You yourselves bear the responsibility for your stand before history, for as such will you be viewed in history. But we, the Jewish people, will not forget.
对于我们犹太民族，这不过是我们饱经沧桑的历史进程的一个小插曲。我们始终信任的，是我们的上帝，是我们对他所怀的信念和信仰，是我们神圣的传统，是我们为社会进步和弘扬人类价值所做的不懈努力，我们信任的是我们的人民，而无论他们身居何地。对于我们犹太民族，这份决议，它的根基是建立在仇恨、谎言和傲慢之上，它没有任何道德的、法律的价值。对于我们犹太民族，它无非是一张纸，我们也确实把它当作一张纸。
For us, the Jewish people, this is but a passing episode in a rich and an event-filled history. We put our trust in our Providence, in our faith and beliefs, in our time-hallowed tradition, in our striving for social advance and human values, and in our people wherever they may be. For us, the Jewish people, this resolution, based on hatred, falsehood and arrogance, is devoid of any moral or legal value. For us, the Jewish people, this is no more than a piece of paper, and we shall treat it as such.
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