神马文学网China's last door-to-door population census?
来源：百度文库 编辑：神马文学网 时间：2024/05/01 10:33:35
China's last door-to-door population census?
China's sixth nationwide census will start on Nov. 1 and finish in June 2012. The census-takers will go into every household to collect data. They will ask for private information, such as nationality, education, occupation, marital status, births, social security, death and housing. Unlike the previous five population censuses, this will include people from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, as well as foreigners living in China for a long time.
A survey of Beijing's population has already begun at the preliminary phase of the population census. As many as 100,000 census enumerators in Beijing enter every home in the city to check and register residents from August 15 to September 15.
An enumerator conduts survey on population census
The enumerators are mainly from local communities and each team of two is responsible for between 160 to 200 families, usually around 450 persons, in two communities. They need to work at weekends or when people are off work, from 6 pm to 8 pm, when residents are at home.
However, the population census face many challenges in reality.
Floating population is the biggest challenge.
How to confirm the size of the country's large floating population, most of whom are migrant workers, will become the biggest challenge.
Beijing's floating population
Experts point out China's floating population has doubled in ten years. It was less than 100 million in 2000, but in 2010 it may reach 210 million. The large floating population increases the difficulty of the census. By the end of 2009, Beijing's floating population had reached over 10 million.
Increased awareness of privacy becomes the obstacle for the census.
Enumerators conduct survey on population census
Enumerators conduct survey on population census
The public, with its increased awareness of privacy protection, will worry about the leak of the personal information, which will affect the census work.
The new National Population Census Regulation has been released. According to the Regulation, all information collected in this census should be kept confidential, and should not be used for other purposes. Also, the participants should be responsible for the accuracy of personal information provided to census takers.
However, despite the Regulation, the increased awareness of privacy protection becomes the obstacle for the census.
A Chinese university professor points out people's antipathy towards the population census results from too many survey items of the door-to-door interviews and some of these items deemed to involve privacy.
According to relevant sources, temporary residents and the so called "wealthy areas" with strong sense of privacy hold strongest antipathy towards the census.
The slogan of the population census worries people.
A slogan of the population census in Beijing makes people nervous: "Give full support to population census, Cooperate with hukou regulation" (Hukou system, household registration system in China). People cast doubts on the census with such a slogan, because some are temporary residents without hukous, some people's hukous are not registered at the location where they actually live, or some people break one-child policy and have two or more children without hukous. They fear for troubles if their "secrets" are discovered.
By contract, the slogan of US population census in 2000 is "It's your future-Don't leave it blank”, which would probably reduce Chinese people's worries to a great extent in such a census.
Will China's door-to door population census become the past?
It's reported that the Chinese government is to spend 8 billion yuan ($1.18 billion) on the population census. And in Beijing, totally 600 million yuan will be spent on the census.
By contrast, Finland has spent only $1.2 million on its recent population census. The low cost comes from its electronic application and sampling survey, which is regarded as a global trend by experts because of the worldwide utilization of highly developed computing science and inefficiency of the door-to-door survey.
In the US, the population census is conducted through mail survey, telephone survey and door-to door survey.
According to Chinese experts, the US style of conducting population census is not yet workable in China. On the one hand, in China, the number of illiterates still accounts 5% of its population. On the other hand, China hasn't established comprehensive and efficient mail service. Some even suggest China adopt the Finland style of the population census in the future.
Which way do you think will be adopted as more resonable and effective for China's future population census ?
China's last door-to-door population census?
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