诺贝尔的遗嘱

诺贝尔的遗嘱

我所留下的全部可变换为现金的财产，将以下列方式予以处理：这份资本由我的执行者投资于安全的证券方面，并将构成一种基金；它的利息将每年以奖金的形式，分配给那些在前一年里曾赋予人类最大利益的人。上述利息将被平分为5份，其分配办法如下：一份给在物理方面作出最重要发现或发明的人；一份给作出过最重要的化学发现或改进的人；一份给在生理和医学领域作出过最重要发现的人；一份给在文学方面曾创作出有理想主义倾向的最杰出作品的人；一份给曾为促进国家之间的友好、为废除或裁减常备军队以及为举行和平会议作出过最大或最好工作的人。物理和化学奖金，将由瑞典皇家科学院授予；生理学和医学奖金由在斯德哥尔摩的卡罗琳医学院授予；文学奖金由在斯德哥尔摩的瑞典文学院授予；和平奖金由挪威议会选出的一个五人委员会来授予。我的明确愿望是，在颁发这些奖金的时候，对于授奖候选人的国籍丝毫不予考虑，不管他是不是斯堪的纳维亚人，只要他值得，就应该授予奖金。

我在此声明，这样授予奖金是我的迫切愿望。

这是我的唯一有效的遗嘱。在我死后，若发现以前任何有关财产处理的遗嘱，一概作废。

阿尔弗雷德·伯哈德·诺贝尔

1895年11月27日

 The whole of my remaining realizable estate shall be dealt with in the following way: the capital, invested in safe securities by my executors, shall constitute a fund, the interest on which shall be annually distributed in the form of prizes to those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind. The said interest shall be divided into five equal parts, which shall be apportioned as follows: one part to the person who shall have made the most important discovery or invention within the field of physics; one part to the person who shall have made the most important chemical discovery or improvement; one part to the person who shall have made the most important discovery within the domain of physiology or medicine; one part to the person who shall have produced in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction; and one part to the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses. The prizes for physics and chemistry shall be awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences; that for physiological or medical work by the Caroline Institute in Stockholm; that for literature by the Academy in Stockholm, and that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be elected by the Norwegian Storting. It is my express wish that in awarding the prizes no consideration whatever shall be given to the nationality of the candidates, but that the most worthy shall receive the prize, whether he be a Scandinavian or not.