经贸用语
来源:百度文库 编辑:神马文学网 时间:2024/03/29 06:50:46
1.科学发展观 the Outlook of Scientific Development
2.倡导公正、合理的新秩序观 call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order
3.以平等互利为核心的新发展观 new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit
4.推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster a new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination
5.主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观 foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity
6.新能源观 new thinking on energy development
有关先进文化的词汇
1.古为今用、洋为中用
旧译 let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national 现译 draw from past and foreign achievements
2.文艺工作 cultural and art work; work in the cultural field
3.牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement
4.文化与经济和政治互相交融interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activitiescultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors
5.民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and people-oriented
6.弘扬主旋律,提倡多样化 promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity
7.以科学的理论武装人,以正确的舆论引导人,以崇高的精神塑造人,以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine works
8.具有中国气派的社会主义文化Chinese-style socialist culture; socialist culture with Chinese appeal
9.越是民族的,越是世界的The pride of a nation is also the pride of the world.What's unique for a nation is also precious for the world.When you are unique, the world comes to you.
10.文艺应当贴近群众,贴近生活,贴近实际。Culture and arts should be/keep close to the people, their lives and reality.
11.艺术滋润心灵,文化陶冶情操。Art nurtures the soul and culture cultivates the mind.
12.文化是维系中华民族生生不息、蔓延不断的精神纽带。Culture is the spiritual bond that ensures the continuity of our Chinese nation.
13.我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation.
14.树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观to foster a right/correct outlook/view on the world, life and values
15.文化市场,文化贸易cultural market, cultural trade
16.始终把社会效益放在首位always put social benefit first
17.扶持体现民族特色和国家水准的重大文化项目和艺术院团support major/top-notch cultural projects and art troupes that represent national characteristics and national level
稳定地走上了富裕安康的广阔道路 move steadily toward prosperity and happiness
不断探索和回答什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义,建设什么样的党、怎样建设党,实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大理论和实际问题constantly seek answers to major theoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of party we must build and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it
党的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领、基本经验 Party's basic theory, line, program and experience
社会主义和马克思主义在中国大地上焕发出勃勃生机 Socialism and Marxism have shown vigor and vitality in China.
大踏步赶上时代前进潮流 catch up with the trend of the times in big strides
符合党心民心 accord with/echo the aspirations of the Party members and the people
尊重人民首创精神 respect the people's initiative/pioneering drive/creativity
提高全民族文明素质 to improve the educational and ethical standards of the whole nation
开辟了中国特色社会主义道路 blaze a trail of socialism with Chinese characteristics open a path of...
形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系 theoretical system of Chinese socialism
建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家 make China a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally developed and harmonious modern socialist country
实践永无止境 Practice knows no bound.
勇于变革、勇于创新 make bold changes and innovations
不为任何风险所惧,不被任何干扰所惑 fear no risks and never be confused by any interference
使中国特色社会主义道路越走越宽广 broaden our path of socialism with Chinese characteristics
让当代中国马克思主义放射更加灿烂的真理光芒 Let the truth of Marxism of contemporary China shine more brilliantly.
马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现 a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development
同……一脉相承 in the same line as...
立足社会主义初级阶段基本国情 fully recognize the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism
粗放性增长方式 the extensive mode of growth/inefficient model of growth
改革攻坚 further reform in difficult areas
统筹兼顾各方面利益 accommodate the interests of all parties
农业基础薄弱的局面尚未改变 The foundation of agriculture remains weak
思想活动的独立性、选择性、多变性、差异性明显增强 become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking
社会结构、社会组织形式、社会利益格局 the structure of society, the way society is organized and interests of different social groups/and the mix of social interests
发达国家在经济科技上占优势的压力长期存在 Pressure caused by the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come
从生产力到生产关系、从经济基础到上层建筑都发生了意义深远的重大变化 experience far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure
人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这一社会主要矛盾 Chinese society's principal problem/challenge is the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level of social production
当前我国发展的阶段性特征 the salient features of the current stage of development in China
妄自菲薄 belittle oneself
自甘落后 be resigned to backwardness
脱离实际、急于求成 unrealistic pursuit of quick results
共同建设、共同享有的原则 the principle of all the people building a harmonious ...and enjoy its benefits
着力解决人民最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题 spare no effort to solve most practical problems of the utmost and immediate concern to the people
形成全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面 cultivate/foster an environment in which all people do their best, are content with their lives/enjoy what they do and live together in harmony
提高改革决策的科学性,增强改革措施的协调性 make decision-making more scientific and measures of reform better coordinated
全面提高开放水平 improve the work of opening-up
把改善人民生活作为正确处理改革发展稳定关系的结合点 We need to improve...as we endeavor to balance...
全面把握科学发展观的科学内涵和精神实质fully appreciate/understand the essence of the Scientific Outlook on Development
把全社会的发展积极性引导到科学发展上来 guide the whole society in pursuing development in a scientific way
把握经济社会发展趋势和规律 follow the trend and the law of economic and social development
坚持中国特色社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设的基本目标和基本政策构成的基本纲领uphold the basic program consisting of the basic objectives and policies for economic, political, cultural and social progress under socialism with Chinese characteristics
区域协调互动发展机制 a mechanism for promoting balanced and interactive development among regions
主体功能区 development priority zones
法治政府建设 enhance law-based government administration
社会主义核心价值体系深入人心 Core socialist values are winning the hearts and minds of the people.
弘扬良好思想道德风尚 promote moral integrity
建设生态文明 promote a conservation culture
生态文明观念在全社会牢固树立 To foster public awareness of conservation culture
具有更高文明素质和精神追求 Raise ethical standards and have higher/lofty aspiration
对外更加开放、更加具有亲和力 be more open and friendly to the outside world
为全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会打下更加牢固的基础 Strengthen the foundation for building a well-off society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one billion people
建设创新型国家 make China an innovative nation
国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要 Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development
突破制约经济社会发展的关键技术 make breakthroughs in key technologies vital to China's economic and social development
支持前沿技术研究、社会公益性技术研究 support research in frontier technology and in technology for public welfare
建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系 establish a market-oriented system for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes
引导和支持创新要素向企业集聚 guide and support the pooling of factors of innovation into enterprises
科技成果产业化 the application of scientific and technological achievements in production
培养造就世界一流科学家和科技领军人才 train / bring up world-class scientists and leaders in scientific and technological research
使创新智慧竞相迸发、创新人才大量涌现 inspire creativity and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel
推进信息化与工业化融合 promote IT-based industrialization
具有国际竞争力的大企业集团 internationally competitive conglomerates
2、
入口差价税 Import variable duties
入口附加税 Import surcharge
入口替换 Import substitution
入口渗透渗出 Import penetration
入口许可 Import licensing
入口押金 Import deposits
国际货泉基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization)
《里斯本条约》(有关地舆标识及其国际注册) Lisbon Agreement
协调轨制(商品名称及编码协调轨制) HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)
WTO最不发达国家高级别会议 HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)
拉美国家在WTO中的非正式团体 GRULAC
灰色区域措施 Grey area measures
(农产品海内支持)绿箱措施 Green Box measures
政府采购 Government procurement
转基因生物 GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)
(知识产权)地舆标识 Geographical indications
免费搭车者(享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家) Free-rider
粮食安全 Food security
(解决争端)调查结果 Findings
出口补贴 Export subsidy
出口实绩 Export performance
采取措施后 Ex post
采取措施前 Ex ante
环保型技术 EST(Environmentally-sound technology)
电子商务 Electronic Commerce
(农产品)海内支持 Domestic support
海内补贴 Domestic subsidy
海内出产 Domestic production
海内工业 Domestic industry
直接支付 Direct payment
海关估价 Customs valuation
海关完税价值 Customs value
货泉留成轨制 Currency retention scheme
货泉商业理事会 CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)
交叉报复 Cross retaliation
反向通知 Counter-notification
反补贴税 Countervailing duty
(解决争端)被诉方 Defendant
(解决争端)申诉方 Complaint
(服务商业)跨境交付 Cross border supply
(服务商业)境外消费 Consumption abroad
(服务商业)贸易存在 Commercial presence
《濒危物种国际商业公约》 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
规避 Circumvention
《生物多样性公约》 CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)
(欧盟)共同农业政策 Common Agriculture Policy
食物法典委员会 CAC(Codex Alimentarius Commission)
约束水平 Bound level
既定日程 Built-in agenda
国际收支条款 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
(农产品海内支持)蓝箱措施 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
基础税率 Base tariff level
《伯尔尼公约》(有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约) Berne Convention
《巴塞尔公约》(有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定) Basel Convention
上诉机构 Appeal body
(解决争端)上诉 Appeal
(农产品海内支持)"黄箱"措施 Amber Box measures
(补贴协议)可诉补贴 Actionable subsidy
非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家团体(洛美协定) ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)
世界知识产权组织 WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)
世界海关组织 WCO (World Customs Organization)
联合国环境署 UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)
联合国开发计划署 UNDP (United Nations Development Program)
联合国商业与发展会议 UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)
经济合作与发展组织 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)
国际尺度化组织 ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
国际货泉基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization)
国际商业组织临时委员会 ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization)
国际商业组织 ITO (International Trade Organization)
国际商业中央 ITC (International Trade Center)
联合国粮农组织 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)
欧洲自由商业同盟 EFTA (European Free Trade Association)
商业与环境委员会 Committee on Trade and Environment
商业与发展委员会 Committee on Trade and Development
南亚区域合作同盟 SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)
南方共同市场(或称南锥体共同市场) MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)
东部和南部非洲共同市场 COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)
东盟自由商业区 ASEAN Free Trade Area
《北美自由商业协定》 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
《多种纤维协定》 MFA (Multifibre Agreement)
《信息技术协议》 ITA (Information Technology Agreement)
《服务商业总协定》 GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)
《纺织品与服装协议》 ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)
(《农产品协议》)特殊保障 SSG (Special Safeguard)
(农产品)综合支持量 AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)
动植物卫生检疫措施 SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )
《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》 DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)
争端解决机构 Dispute Settlement Body
最惠国商业地位(待遇) MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)
乌拉圭回合 Uruguay Round
世界商业组织 WTO (World Trade Organization)
关贸总协定 GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
出产补贴 Production subsidy
(服务商业)天然人活动 Presence of natural person
诸边协议 Plurilateral agreement
(《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款 Peace clause
《巴黎公约》(关于保护产业知识产权的公约) Paris Convention
(争端解决)专家组 Panel
有秩序的市场铺排 Orderly market arrangements
(利益的)丧失和减损 Nullification and impairment
通知义务 Notification obligation
新议题 New issues
National Person 国民待遇
Multifunctionality (服务商业)天然人
Montreal Protocol (农业)多功能性
配额调整条款 modulation of quota clause 《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定)
模式 Modalities
实质损害 Material injury
专门的营销机构 Market boards
市场准入 Market access
当地含量 Local content
同类产品 Like product
许可费 License fee
最不发达国家 LDCs (Least-developed countries)
产品生命周期分析 LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)
国际纺织品服装局 ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau)
知识产权 IPRs (Intellectual property rights)
国际兽疫组织 International Office of Epizootics
(纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程 Integration process
最初谈判权(初谈权) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights)
申报轨制 reporting system; income declaration system
货泉市场 money market
垃圾融资 junk financing
垂直吞并 vertical merger
横向吞并 horizontal merger
协议投标 negotiated bidding
竟价投标 competitive bidding
盘活存量资产 revitalize stock assets
出口创汇型工业 export-oriented industry
防伪标志 anti-fake label
求同存异 overcome differences and seek common ground
常常项目 current account
资本项目 capital account
自由浮动汇率 free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate
广开就业阶梯 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment
商住和公益举措措施建设 commercial, residential and public utility construction
国际清算 international settlement
商业和投资自由化和便利化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)
部分提前自愿自由化 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)
动物源食物 Animal-derived food
祖父条款 grandfather clause
全球配额 global quota
北美自由商业区 NAFTA North American Free Trade Area
军民两用产品和技术 dual-use goods and technology
军民两用品出口 dual purpose exports
中介服务组织 intermediary service organization
转化经营机制 change the method of operation
水利 water conservation
清理、修订 screen and modify
匡助人才脱颖而出 help excellent talents find way to distinction
国家科技立异体系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System
形成同一、开放和竞争有序的市场 establish an unified, open market with orderly competition
在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展 alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership
自主经营,自负盈亏 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses
控股公司 holding company
实行股份制 enforce stockholding system
现代企业轨制 modern corporate system
龙头产品 flagship product
直辖市 municipality directly under the central government
省会 provincial capital
抵免 offset
企业所得税 corporate income tax
营业税 turnover tax
入口环节税 import linkage tax
备件 spare parts
配件 accessories
注入新的气愤但愿与活力 bring new vigor and vitality into
累计实现顺差143.4美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus
建材 building materials
固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets
产业增加值 industrial added value
走上良性发展的轨道 going on the track of sound progress
挣脱亚洲金融危机的影响 shake off the impact of the financial crisis
同步增长 increase in the same pace
工程项目 engineering project
减免债务 reduce and cancel debts
抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities
公正公道 equitable and rational
部长级会议 ministerial meeting
<<中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例>> Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan
国家鼓励项目 projects listed as encouraged by the state
风险治理/评估 risk management/ assessment
以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记轨制 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis
所有制形式 forms of ownership
自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999
外助方式 modality of foreign aid
劳务合作 labor service cooperation
对外项目承包 foreign project contracting
岗位培训 on-the-job training
就业前培训 pre-job training
双重制度 two-tier system / double-track system
慢性萧条 chronic depression
常常性的财政收入 regular revenues
利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
机构重叠 organizational overlapping
机构臃肿 overstaffing in (government) organizations
倒爷 profiteer
适销对路的产品 readily marketable products
无纸交易 paperless transaction
无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator
信息化 informationize
消费膨胀 inflated consumption
贪图安逸 crave comfort and pleasure
企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
活动人口 floating population
放松银根 ease monetary policy
皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
同等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development
实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to
企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise losses
企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises
千年题目、千年虫 millennium bug
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprises
技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development
既成事实 established/accomplished facts
季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments
公道引导消费 guide rational consumption
国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves
国家补贴 public subsidies
国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment
国际收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment
国合企业(即国有合作社) state-owned cooperatives
规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale
搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
风险预备金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
风险基金 venture capital
风险治理/评估 risk management/ assessment
非出产性投资 investment in non-productive projects
非配额产品 quota-free products
通货膨胀 inflation
通货紧缩 deflation
反推销措施 anti-dumping measures against ……
坏帐、呆帐、死帐 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
港元的联系汇率制 the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
债转股 debt-to-equity swap
Disposition of Merchandise 货物处置
Court Costs 诉讼用度
Customs Clearance 结关
Customs Liquidation 清关
Condemned Goods 有题目的货物
Bill of Lading 提单
CFR(Code of Federal Regulations) 美国联邦政府行政法规汇编
Make a Complete Entry 正式/完整申报
Power of Attorney 委托书
Security 典质品/保证金
Solvency 偿付能力
Liquidated Damages 违约赔偿金
Jointly and Severally Liable For 负连带责任
Freight Forwarder 货运代办代理
Attorney 代办代理人/委托人
Carrier 承运人
Principle 本人
Surety Company 担保公司
Customs Bond 海关担保
海关类
拨号连接 Dial-up Connection
域名 Domain Name
运动图像专家组 MPEG:Motion Picture Experts Group
乐器数字接口 MIDI:Musical Instrument Digital Interface
即插即用 PNP:Plug and Play
原始设备制造商 OEM:Original Equipment Manufacturer
虚拟现实 VR:Virtual Reality
三维摄影室 3D Studio: Three Dimension Studio
视频图形阵列 VGA:Video Graphics Array
兆赫 MHz Mega Hertz
多媒体扩展 MMX: 是MultiMedia eXtensions
多媒体个人电脑 MPC: Multimedia Personal Computer
网络计算机 NC: Network Computer
服务提供者 ISP-Internet Service Provider
以太网 Ethernet
网络经济 Cyber Economy
网络治理员 Network Administrator
路由器 Router
掌上电脑 Palm Computer
个人数字助理 PDA---Personal Digital Assistant
便携式电脑 Portable Computer; Laptop; Notebook Computer
脑图 Mind Map
局域网 Intranet
虚拟空间 Virtual Space
申请注册域名 Domain Name Application and Registration
软件包 Software Packages
信息化 Informationization, Network-based Information Flow
数字化贸易 Digital Business
内容开发 Content Development
软件开发 Software Development
多功能卡 Multipurpose Card
智能学校 Smart Schools
数字鸿沟 Digital Divide
网络城市, 虚拟城市 Cyber City
网络犯罪 Cyber Crime
网民 Cyber Citizen
互联网普及率 Internet Penetration
计算机辅助设计 CAD(Computer-Aided Design)
中心处理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit)
农业技术合作 ATC:Agricultural Technical Cooperation
亚欧会议 ASEM:Asia-Europe Meeting
东南亚国家同盟 ASEAN:Association of South-East Asian Nations
亚太计量程序 APMP:Asia Pacific Metrology Program
亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF:Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
亚太实验室认可合作 APLAC:Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
亚太信息基础举措措施 APII:Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
亚太能源研究中央 APERC:Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
亚太经济合作组织 APEC:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
亚太贸易网络 APB-Net:Asia-Pacific Business Network
澳新紧密经济关系协定 ANZCERTA:Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
亚太经合组织部长级会议 AMM:APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
东盟自由商业区 AFTA:ASEAN Free Trade Area
亚太经合组织经济领导人会议 AELM: APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank
亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中央 ACTETSME:APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
亚太通信与数据系统 ACDS:APEC Communications and Database System
亚太贸易论坛 ABF:APEC Business Forum
亚太工商咨询理事会 ABAC: APEC Business Advisory Council
市场准人的行政治理措施 AAMA: Administrative Aspects of Market Access
音频点播 AOD (audio-on-demand)
视频点播 VOD (video-on-demand)
转基因组织 GMO (genetically modified organism)
动物源性蛋白 Animal-based protein
年复合增长率 CAGA (compound annual growth average)
富裕经济 economy of abundance
特种债券 special bonds
对农业的海内支持 domestic support to agriculture
(到银行)挤兑 run on banks
超前消费 deficit spending
稳健的货泉政策 prudent monetary policy
非商标(非专利)产品 generic products
船务公司 shipping service company
贷款无力偿还 loan defaults
国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission
信息工业部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry
中国人民银行 People's Bank of China
世界商业组织 World Trade Organization
独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
合作企业 cooperative enterprise
合资企业 joint venture
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise
厉行节约,反对铺张 to practice strict economy and combat waste
社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
私有制 private ownership
公有制 public ownership
出产力 productive forces
出产关系 relations of production
糊口资料 means of livelihood/subsistence
出产资料 means of production
第三工业 tertiary industry
第二工业 secondary industry
第一工业 primary industry
渔业 fishing
副业 sideline production
畜牧业 animal husbandry
林业 forestry
农业 farming
The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.
国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.
国有经济,即社会主义全民所有制经济,是国民经济中的主导气力。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.
社会主义经济轨制的基础是出产资料的社会主义公有制,即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.
逐步实现产业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化,把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.
国家的根本任务是,集中气力进行社会主义现代化建设
the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities
改革重点转移到城市
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products
取消国家对农产品的统购统销
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制
to combine economic planning with market regulation
经济计划和市场调节相结合
economic and legal leverages
经济和law的杠杆
to give play to the regulatory role of the market
施展市场的调节作用
operative mechanism
经营机制
surplus labor
剩余劳动力。
reFORM in economic structure
经济结构改革。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
各尽所能,按劳/需分配。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体系体例。
As the reFORM further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
跟着改革的深化,国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小,而市场调节的范围将会扩大。
Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.
资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。
China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation.
中国要警惕右,但更要防"左"。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
要人们警惕右和"左"的影响,特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.
社会主义的终极目标是解放出产力,消灭克扣,消除贫富两极分化,终极达到共同富裕。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
我们辨别的尺度是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的出产力,是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力,是否有利于进步人民的糊口水平。
ReFORM is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
改革是"社会主义轨制的自我完善和自我发展"。
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reFORM and opening.
以经济建设为中央,坚持四项基本原则(1)社会主义道路(2)党的领导(3)人民民主专政(4)马列主义\*\*\*思惟、坚持改革开放
一个中央、两个基本点one central task and two basic points
治理不善 poor management
风险资金 risk funds
分配形式 FORMs of distribution
总工资 total wages
畅通流畅轨制 circulation system
国际收支 international balance of payments
实际增长率 actual growth rate
扣除物价上涨部门 price increase are deducted(excluded)
抽样调查 data from the sample survey
发展过快 excessive growth
增额、增值、增长 increment
善于接受的 receptive
被吞并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business
营业发达的公司 going concerns
使负担 be saddled with
人均收入 per capita income
有色金属 nonferrous metals
发电量 electric energy production
零售 retail
基石 cornerstone
商品经济 commodity economy
搞活企业 invigorate enterprises
家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
精髓、精粹、实质 quintessence
试一下 have a go (at sth.)
和平演变 peaceful evolution
引进、输入 importation
量力而行 seek truth from facts
举措 move
引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley
解放出产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
全体会议 plenary session
其实的 tangible
主要成分 dominant sector
非公有成分 non-public sectors
有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation
整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
改善经济环境 improve economic environment
输入活力 bring vigor into
优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure
宏观控制 exercise macro-control
投入 input
鼓励 give incentive to
产值 output value
人均国民出产总值 per capita GNP
国民出产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)
股息,红利 dividend or bonus stock
bear market 熊市, 空头市场
bull market 牛市, 多头市场
year-on-year 与去年同期数字比拟的
Window dressing 门面粉饰
War Risk 战役险
W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险
value-added tax 增值税
to expand domestic demand 扩大内需
to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股
thin trade 交易薄弱
the Hang Seng index 恒生指数
the first majority shareholder 第一大股东
the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯产业均匀指数
technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济
Tax accounting 税务会计
T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险
Strikes Risk 罢工险
streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用
Stockholders' equity 股东权益
Stockholders 股东
steady monetary policies 稳健的货泉政策
Statement of financial position 财务状况表
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表
state stock reduction 国有股减持
Stable-dollar assumption 不乱货泉假设
specification 规格
Solvency 了债能力
Sole proprietorship 独资企业
Shortage Risk 短缺险
shipping order 托运单
shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制
Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
sales terms and conditions销售前提
Risk of Rust 锈蚀险
Risk of odor 串味险
Risk of Leakage 渗漏险
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险
Revenue 收入
Return on investment 投资报酬
Return of investment 投资回报
Retained earning 保存利润
restraint of trade 商业管制
reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持
rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序
recession 衰退时期
publicly owned economy 公有经济
public relations department公关部
promote independent decision-making by state-owned enterprises 进步企业自主权
proactive fiscal measures 积极的财政政策
privatize;privatization 私有化
price list 价目表
press conference 记者招待会
Positive cash flow 正现金流量
Partnership 合伙企业
partial shipment 分批装运
Owner's equity 所有者权益
outstanding of deposits 存款余额
order 订货
Operating activities 经营流动
open-ended fund 开放式基金
notify 被通知人
non-work income 非劳动收入
non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款
Negative cash flow 负现金流量
nationalize;nationalization 国有化
national bonds 国债
marine bills of lading 海运提单
Management accounting 治理会计
Liabilities 负债
labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济
knowledge-based economy 知识经济
Investing activities 投资流动
Internal users 内部使用者
Internal Revenue Service 海内收入署
Internal control structure 内部控制结构
Internal auditing 内部审计
Integrity 整合性
Institute of Management Accountants治理会计师协会
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
Inquiry 询盘
Inflation 通货膨涨
indicative price 参考价格
income tax 所得税
Income statement 损益表
import department 入口部
Hook Damage 钩损险
Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室
Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设
genetically-modified products 基因改良产品
General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
futures market 期货市场
foreign exchange reservers 外汇贮备
Financial statement 财务报表
Financial forecast 财务猜测
Financial activities 筹资流动
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
Financial accounting 财务会计
fees-for-tax reFORM 费改税
face value 面值
F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险
F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险
External users 外部使用者
export department 出口部
Expenses 用度
enforce stockholding system 实行股份制
endorsed 背书
downturn 低迷时期
dividend,bonus stock 股息,红利
Disclosure 批露
delivery 交货
Deflation 通货紧缩
dead account 呆帐
cut a melon 分红
Creditor 债权人
Cost principle 本钱原则
cost insurance and freightCIF 本钱加运保费
cost and freightCFR 本钱加运费价格
Cost accounting 本钱会计
Corporation 公司
consignee 收货人
commission 佣金
close-ended fund 封锁式基金
China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大贸易银行
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会
Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师
Certificate in Management Accounting 治理会计证书
Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书
catalogue 商品目录
Cash flow prospects 现金流量猜测
cargo receipt 承运货物收据
Capital stock 股本
Business entity 企业个体
bull market 牛市
Bookkeepking 簿记
blank endorsed 空缺背书
bear market 熊市
Balance sheet 资产负债表
bad account 坏帐
Audit 审计
Assets 资产
Articulation 勾稽关系
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会
All Risks 一切险
Accounting system 会计系统
Accounting equation 会计等式
Account 帐户
a minimum living standard system 最低糊口保障系统
(M2) broad money 广义货泉
(M1) narrow money 狭义货泉
(M0)money in circulation 畅通流畅中的现金
3、
1. foreign trade 对外贸易
2. overseas trade 海外贸易
3. international trade 国际贸易
4. to trade with 和...进行贸易
5. to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重
6. to do business in a sincere way 做生意诚恳 to make a deal 做一笔交易
7. deal 交易,经营,处理,与...交往
8. to deal in 经营,做生意
9. to explore the possibilities of 探讨...的可能性
10. trade circles 贸易界
11. to handle 经营某商品
12. to trade in 经营某商品
13. business scope/frame 经营范围
14. trading firm/house 贸易行,商行
15. trade by commodities 商品贸易
16. visible trade 有形贸易
17. invisible trade 无形贸易
18. barter trade 易货贸易
19. bilateral trade 双边贸易
20. triangle trade 三角贸易
21. multilateral trade 多边贸易
22. counter trade 对销贸易;抵偿贸易
23. counter purchase 互购贸易
24. buy-back 回购贸易
25. compensation trade 补偿贸易
26. processing trade 来料加工贸易
27. assembling trade 来料装配贸易
28. leasing trade 租赁贸易
29. in exchange for 用...交换...
30. trade agreement 贸易协议
31. business association 业务联系,交往
32. business connection 业务联系
33. close relationship 密切的关系
34. closer ties 更密切的关系
35. to establish(enter into, set up)business relationship 建立业务关系
36. to continue business relationship 继续业务关系
37. to present business relationship 保持业务关系
38. to improve business relationship 改善业务关系
39. to promote business relationship 促进业务关系
40. to speed up business relationship 加快业务关系的发展
41. to enlarge (widen) business relationship 扩大业务关系
42. to restore (resume) business relationship 恢复业务关系
43. to interrupt business relationship 中断业务关系
44. to cement business relationship 巩固业务关系
45. quantity-数量
46. packing-包装
47. time of shipment-装运期
48. price-价格
49. discount-折扣
50. terms of payment-支付条款
51. insurance-保险
52. commodity inspection-商品检验
53. acceptance-接受
54. signing a contract-签订合同
55. claim-索赔
56. agency-代理
57. commission-佣金
58. exclusive sales-包销
59. joint venture-合资企业
60. compensation trade-补偿贸易
61. processing and assembling trade-加工装配贸易
62. the terms of international trade-国际贸易术语
63. recommendation 推荐、介绍
64. inform 通知
65. catalogue 目录
66. for your reference 供您参考
67. specific inquiry 具体询价
68. promptly 立即
69. representative 代表
70. chamber of commerce 商会
71. specialize in 专营
72. on the bases of equality and mutual benefit 在平等互利的基础上
73. pamphlet 小册子
74. a range of 一套
75. make offers 报价
76. import and export corporation 进出口公司
77. silk 丝绸
78. cotton piece goods 棉布
79. blouse 女衬衫
80. be of the latest style 最新式样
81. financial position 财务状况
82. trade reputation 贸易声誉
83. on display 展出
84. woolen knitwear 毛织品
85. garment 服装
86. meet with great favor 受欢迎
87. credit standing 信用地位
88. state-operated 国营的
89. currency, Chinese currency, British currency 货币,中国货币,英国货币
90. investment 投资
91. a long-term investment 长期投资
92. a profitable investment 有利可得的投资
93. a safe and sure investment 安全可靠的投资
94. a heavy investment 巨额投资
95. investment intent 投资意向
96. investment partner 投资伙伴
97. direct investment 直接投资
98. investment environment 投资环境
99. investor 投资者
100. enterprise 企业
101. joint venture enterprise 合资企业
102. cooperative enterprise 合作企业
103. exclusively foreign-owned enterprise 外商独资企业
104. state-owned enterprise 国营企业
105. collectively-owned enterprise 集体企业
106. individually owned enterprise 个体企业
4、
1) foreign trade 对外贸易
2) overseas trade 海外贸易
3) international trade 国际贸易
4) to trade with 和...... 进行贸易
5) to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重
6) to do business in a sincere way 做生意诚恳
7) to make a deal 做一笔交易
8) deal 交易,经营,处理,与...... 交往
9) to deal in 经营,做生意
10) to explore the possibilities of 探讨...... 的可能性
11) trade circles 贸易界
12) to handle 经营某商品
13) to trade in 经营某商品
14) business scope/frame 经营范围
15) trading firm/house 贸易行,商行
16) dicount折扣
17) reduction 降价
18) allowance 折扣
19) rebate 回扣
20) cash dicount即期付款折扣
21) quantity dicount 数量折扣
22) special discount 特别折扣
23) credit 信用
24) credit analysis信用分析
25) credit information 信用情报
26) credit limit 信用限额,贷款限额
27) credit line 信用限额
28) credit rating 信用评级
29) credit reference 信用参考
30) credit standing 信用状况
31) do busienss on a credit basis 凭信用交易
32) enjoy credit 享有信誉
33) impair one’s credit 危害信用
34) make credit purchase 凭信用采购
35) spoil one’s credit 损害信誉
36) average price 平均价
37) base price 底价
38) buying price 买价
39) bedrock price 最低价
40) ceiling price 最高价
41) closing price 收盘价
42) cost price 成本价
43) current price 先行价格
44) exceptional price特别价
45) extra price附加价
46) floor price最低价
47) gross pricegoing price毛价
48) market price市场价
49) maximum price最高价
50) minimum price最低价
51) moderate price公平价
52) net price净价
53) nomial price有行无市价
54) opening price开盘价
55) original price原价
56) popular price大众化的价格
57) present price现价
58) prevailing price通行价格
59) reserve price保留价格
60) retail price零售价
61) rock bottom price最低价
62) ruling price主导价格
63) selling price卖价
64) special price特价
65) wholesail price批发价格
66) trade fair 贸易展销会
67) trade show 贸易展览
68) trade agreement 贸易协议
69) to establish arrangement 达成协议
70) to reach an agreement 达成协议
71) trade terms/clause 贸易条款
72) trade balance 贸易平衡
73) to conclude a business transaction 达成贸易交易
74) to work with 与...... 共事
75) business activities 经济活动
76) business house 商行;商号
77) trading department/mechanics 贸易机构
78) trade association 贸易协会
79) the foreign trade department 对外贸易部门
80) C) C) P) I) T) ( China Council for the Promotion of International Trade) 中国国际贸易促进会
81) Commercial Counselor's Office 中国使馆的商务处
82) Chamber of Commerce 商会
83) trading partnership 经营合伙人
84) foreign trade personnel 外贸工作者
85) trading center 贸易中心
86) trading market 贸易市场
87) tradesman/trade peoples 商人,零售商
88) trade prospects/outlook 贸易前景
89) trade cooperation 贸易合作
90) technological cooperation 技术合作
91) business cooperation 业务合作
92) cooperative relationship 合作关系
93) the scope of cooperation 合作范围
94) quality 质量,品质
95) qualitative 质量的
96) qualitatively 在质量上
97) quality clause 品质条款
98) quality certificate 品质证明书
99) quality of export and import commodities 进出口商品质量
100) good merchantable quality 全销质量
101) to be in conformity with 与...... 一致
102) transferer 转让者
103) transferee 受让者
104) good quality 好质量
105) fine quality 优质
106) better quality 较好质量
107) high quality 高质量
108) fair quality 尚好的质量
109) sound quality 完好的质量
110) best quality 最好的质量
111) superior quality 优等的质量
112) choice quality或selected quality 精选的质量
113) prime quality 或 tip-top quality 第一流的质量
114) first-class quality 或 first-rate quality 头等的质量
115) above the average quality 一般水平以上的质量
116) below the average quality 一般水平以下的质量
117) common quality 一般质量
118) standard quality 标准质量
119) usual quality 通常的质量
120) popular quality 大众化的质量
121) uniform quality 一律的质量
122) average quality 平均质量
123) fair average quality 大路货
124) bad quality 劣质
125) low quality 低质量
126) inferior quality 次质量
127) to be responsible for 对...... 负责
128) inaccurate 不精确的
129) poor quality 质量较差
130) to be inferior to 次于......
131) first-class 一等品
132) unsatisfactory 不满意的sample 样品
133) counter sample 对等样品
134) sampling 抽样
135) pattern sample 型式样品
136) duplicate sample 复样
137) colour sample 色彩样品
138) subject to the counter sample 以对等样品为准
139) sample for reference 参考样品
140) sales by sample 凭样品买卖
141) grade 等级
142) standard 标准
143) specification 规格
144) trade mark 商标
145) brand 牌名
146) colour 色彩
147) design 图案
148) catalogue 目录
149) particulars 细节
150) Sales by Description 凭说明书买卖
151) Sales by Trade Mark of Brand 凭商标和牌名买卖
152) quality as per seller's sample 凭卖方样品质量交货
153) quality as per buyer's sample 凭买方样品质量交货
154) quality landed 卸岸品质
155) quality shipped 装船品质
156) quality control 质量管理
157) Sales by Specification, Grade, of Standard 凭规格、等级或标准买卖
158) Fair Average Quality (F. A. Q. ) “良好平均品质”(国际上买卖农副产品时常用此标准)
159) quality to be considered as being about equal to the sample 品质与样品大致相同
160) to attach importance to sth 对...... 引起重视
161) trouble 麻烦
162) in large quantities 大量
163) to change hands 转手
164) discount 折扣
165) quantities of sth 大批......
166) huge quantity 或enormous quantity 巨大的数量
167) maximum quantity 最大数量
168) minimum quantity 最小数量
169) small quantity 小量
170) entire quantity 整个数量
171) total quantity 总量
172) further quantity 更多的数量
173) sufficient quantity 足够的数量
174) liberal quantity 充足的数量
175) shipment quantity 够装运的数量
176) equal quantity 等量
177) reasonable quantity 相当的数量
178) corresponding quantity 相应的数量
179) large quantity 大数量
180) considerable quantity 大数量(可观的数量)
181) substantial quantity 大数量
182) useful quantity 较大数量
183) average quantity 平均数量
184) moderate quantity 中等数量
185) additional quantity 追加数量
186) inquiry sheet 询价单
187) specific inquiry 具体询盘
188) an occasional inquiry 偶尔询盘
189) to keep inquiry in mind 记住询盘
190) favorable 优惠的