美国《新闻周刊》：胡锦涛掌握世界生命线（图）

文章提供 于 2008-12-22 15:48:36 (北京时间: 2008-12-23 4:48:36) 阅读时出现乱码？解决办法
[新闻热评 首页 ] [加入博客 ] [回 顶顶华闻 主页 ]
美国《新闻周刊》最新一期（2009年1月5日，提前出版）的封面专题是The Global Elite The 50 most powerful people in the world（环球精英世界最强大五十人），排在第一位的是美国总统当选人奥巴马，第二位是中国国家主席胡锦涛
他可能是你通常不会多想的那种人——谨慎、无趣、不突出（corporate）。在过去，和其他更为自负强势的世界领袖相比，他常常吸引不了聚光灯。但低估胡锦涛就大错特错了。中国国家主席的职位使之成为一个经济大国的CEO，这个国家今年的贸易顺差预计将达 2800亿美元。在世界各地更加深陷衰退之时，谦逊的胡锦涛成为掌握生命线的人。
三十年大刀阔斧的改革让中国从一个庞大贫困的坑池变成世界第三大经济体——而且是一个仍然在成长的经济体。根据最近的预测，中国来年的GDP增长会徘徊在8%左右或者略低。这个国家数十年来积累的巨大利润使北京可以得以成为美国政府最大的债权人，用数以十亿计的资金投资美国财政债券和房地美房利美股份。如果中国这一立场现在有任何退却，奥巴马为美国经济刺激方案提供资金的希望就会破灭。
胡锦涛还牵着其他于美国利益至关重要的国家的钱袋——这些国家包括美国在阿富汗战争中的前线盟友巴基斯坦。早在10月，为了寻求紧急经济援助，巴基斯坦总统扎尔达里直接选择北京作为首次海外访问的目的地。扎尔达里抵达中国时宣称：“中国是世界的未来”。（不过他走的时候没能拿到他想要的数十亿美元贷款。）

但胡锦涛的影响力远远超越他作为全球银行家的地位。他的政府在朝核问题的解决工作中发挥核心作用，而且在能源开发方面的探险提高中国在苏丹、伊拉克和安哥拉等重要地区的利益。更重要的是，要控制全球变暖，胡锦涛的合作是不可或缺的。中国是世界最大的二氧化碳排放国之一，但它认为像美国这样的发达国家应该作出更大的牺牲，因为它们的汽车和工厂排废气的历史要长得多。但是，胡锦涛和中国总理温家宝知道，三十年的混乱增长已经严重的破坏了国家的环境。作为中国外交部最资深外交官之一的吴建民大使（Ambassador Wu Jianmin）表示，中国领导人“意识到他们需要一个新的发展模式—— 一个更干净、更环保、没那么污染的模式。”
胡锦涛绝非爱出风头之人。相反，他根据中国全能的政治局九常委的一致意见来执政。但在华尔街崩溃之后，他保持低调的能力正是北京所需要的——而且可能也是世界所需要的。
附一：《新闻周刊》世界最强大五十人排名列表
1: Barack Obama
2: Hu Jintao
3: Nicolas Sarkozy
4-5-6: Economic Triumvirate
7: Gordon Brown
8: Angela Merkel
9: Vladimir Putin
10: Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud
11: Ayatollah Ali Khamenei
12: Kim Jong Il
13-14: The Clintons
15: Timothy Geithner
16: Gen. David Petraeus
17: Sonia Gandhi
18: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
19: Warren Buffett
20: Gen. Ashfaq Parvez Kayani
21: Nuri al-Maliki
22-23: The Philanthropists
24: Nancy Pelosi
25: Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan
26: Mike Duke
27: Rahm Emanuel
28: Eric Schmidt
29: Jamie Dimon
30-31: Friends of Barack
32: Dominique Strauss-Kahn
33: Rex Tillerson
34: Steve Jobs
35: John Lasseter
36: Michael Bloomberg
37: Pope Benedict XVI
38: Katsuaki Watanabe
39: Rupert Murdoch
40: Jeff Bezos
41: Shahrukh Khan
42: Osama bin Laden
43: Hassan Nasrallah
44: Dr. Margaret Chan
45: Carlos Slim Helú
46: The Dalai Lama
47: Oprah Winfrey
48: Amr Khaled
49: E. A. Adeboye
50: Jim Rogers
附二：新闻周刊英文原文
Hu Jintao - The man behind the wheel of the world's most supercharged economy.
He may be the kind of guy you wouldn't ordinarily think twice about—cautious, colorless and corporate. In the past he has often lost the spotlight to other world leaders with bigger egos and sharper elbows. But to underestimate Hu Jintao would be a monumental error. His position as China's president makes him CEO of a financial juggernaut that's projected to post a $280 billion trade surplus this year. While the rest of the world plunges deeper into recession, Hu the Humble is emerging as the one who is holding the lifeline.
Thirty years of drastic reforms have transformed China from a vast sinkhole of poverty into the world's third-largest economy—one that's still growing. Recent projections for GDP growth in the coming year hover around 8 percent or somewhat lower. The country's decades of massive profits have enabled Beijing to become the U.S. government's biggest creditor, investing billions in American T-bills and shares of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Any retreat from that position now could doom Barack Obama's hopes of funding a stimulus package for the U.S. economy.
Hu also holds the purse strings for other countries that are vital to U.S. interests—places like Pakistan, America's frontline ally in the Afghan war. Back in October, a quest for emergency economic assistance brought President Asif Ali Zardari straight to Beijing on his first official state trip. "China is the future of the world," Zardari declared on his arrival. (He left without the multibillion-dollar loan he wanted, though.)
But Hu's influence goes far beyond his position as a global banker. His government has played a central role in efforts to dismantle North Korea's nuclear-arms program, and energy-development ventures have raised China's profile in critical places like Sudan, Iraq and Angola. More than that, Hu's cooperation is a must in any attempt to control global warming. Already one of the world's heaviest carbon-dioxide emitters, China has argued that developed nations like the United States should make the biggest sacrifices because their cars and factories have been belching smoke so much longer. Still, Hu and Prime Minister Wen Jiabao know that three decades of pell-mell growth have severely devastated their country's environment. Ambassador Wu Jianmin, one of the Foreign Ministry's most senior diplomats, says China's leaders "realize they need a new development model—one that's cleaner, greener and less polluting."
Hu is anything but a grandstander. Instead he rules by consensus of China's all-powerful nine-man standing committee of the Politburo. But in the aftermath of Wall Street's meltdown, his low-key competence is just what Beijing wants—and may be what the world needs as well.
来源: 星岛环球