由希拉里告别信看中美政治文化区别

来源:百度文库 编辑:神马文学网 时间:2024/04/29 16:26:22
   由希拉里告别信看中美政治文化区别
  作者:直言了
  来源:作者博客
  收到了总统竞选人希拉里发给所有选民的告别竞选的信件(原文附后),标题是《我想让你知道》。希拉里在信中说:星期六(07日),我将在首都华盛顿感谢所有支持我竞选的人,我将祝贺奥巴马的胜利、并表示对他竞选的强力支持,我将向所有支持我竞选的人表明如何来跟我一道强力支持奥巴马。把我的所有保证和努力凝成一句话:谢谢你!
  看了希拉里告别竞选的信件,不由得想起了早些时候跟大陆朋友的聊天。一些大陆朋友来美国访问,见面聊天的时候,问了本人一个问题:中国自称是礼仪之邦、美国自称是民主自由,比较看,用一句话说,你怎么看美国的和中国的政治文化区别?几乎没思索,本人脱口而出:美国政治文化讲究的是参与过程,“不管成败、参与就是好样的”;而中国政治文化很讲究成败结果,是“成则诸侯败则贼”。
  希拉里和奥巴马的竞选似乎可以证明本人的那种强感。由于总统候选人提名只有一个席位,所以,他们的竞争结果是“有你没我、有我没你”的。他们两人争夺之激烈是前所未有,甚至还出现过负面争辩。可一旦定局,政敌就握手言欢,向对方的参与表示极大尊敬和赞赏,且并非仅是出于礼节和做个样子、而是有行动跟上的。譬如,希拉里确认失败后,在庆祝对手的胜利的同时号召支持自己的选民跟她一道来支持曾经的政敌奥巴马;而奥巴马确认成功后,首先做的事情是高度评价政敌希拉里的努力开创了美国政治历史的新一页,并委派人员与希拉里班子会谈、讨论如何把希拉里提出的施政纲领融合到奥巴马的施政政策之中。
  美国主要报刊媒体的评论几乎是异口同声:奥巴马和希拉里的努力将作为光辉的一页而记录在美国历史上,那不是因为他们竞选总统的名声或白宫生涯,而是因为他们为美国社会开创了新的价值观念和新的生活方式。因此,这次竞选的最大问题不是谁进白宫,而是整个社会将如何面对黑人奥巴马和女性希拉里的竞选所开辟的美国政治历史的新时代。
  不仅仅是奥巴马和希拉里的政敌竞争不以成败来论人评事,几乎所有政敌都如此。譬如前总统老布什和前总统克林顿,那也是竞选争夺非常激烈的政敌。然而,这好多年了,他们彼此非常尊重,交往关系非常融洽,而且,由于克林顿从小失去父爱,老布什及夫人就设法给予克林顿父母般的关爱,以至于他们常常以“父子”相称了。
  在中国的政治文化中,本人孤陋寡闻,还没听说政敌之间彼此尊重赞赏的事情,相反,本人看到的是:失败者经常被冠有许多罪名、被人们落井下石和受到社会谴责,且几乎再无重新参政议政的机会;而成功者经常被套上各种光环,受到披红戴绿吹喇叭的捧场,直到他成为失败者。这是咋回事呢?
  在中国政治文化中,政敌竞争是“成则诸侯败则贼”的,同时,大陆媒体经常讲对不同见解和生活方式要“宽容”,说那是礼仪之邦的体现。本人十分地不以为然。“宽容”包括对错误人事的宽大容纳的意味,讲“宽容”的前提是对方别人是错误的,不然,“宽容”个啥呢?可是,与己不同的见解和生活方式并不一定就是错误的,凭什么要对它们讲“宽容”呢?难道总是自己对、别人总是错?所以,本人一直不赞同讲“宽容”,而是要讨论争论就直言不讳地说个痛快:让我们的不同见解和不同生活方式直接交锋、彼此尊重、平等争论和一视同仁吧。不管争论结果如何,参与就是阳光态度和积极贡献。我们当然要关注甚至重视结果效应,但是,争论过程总是比争论结果要更有意义得多。

附:希拉里告别竞选的信件(原文):

From : Hillary Clinton。
Sent : Thu 6/05/08 1:57 AM。
Subject: I want you to know。

  I wanted you to be one of the first to know: on Saturday, I will hold an event in Washington D.C. to thank everyone w ho has supported my campaign. Over the course of the last 16 months, I have been privileged and touched to witness the incredible dedication and sacrifice of so many people working for our campaign. Every minute you put into helping us win, every dollar you gave to keep up the fight meant more to me than I can ever possibly tell you.
   
     On Saturday, I will extend my congratulations to Senator Obama and my support for his candidacy. This has been a long and hardfought campaign, but as I have always said, my differences with Senator Obama are small compared to the differences we have with Senator McCain and the Republicans.
   
     I have said throughout the campaign that I would strongly support Senator Obama if he were the Democratic Party's nominee, and I intend to deliver on that promise.
   
     When I decided to run for president, I knew exactly why I was getting into this race: to work hard every day for the millions of Americans who need a voice in the White House.
   
     I made you  and everyone who supported me  a promise: to stand up for our shared values and to never back down. I'm going to keep that promise today, tomorrow, and for the rest of my life.
    
     I will be speaking on Saturday about how together we can rally the party behind Senator Obama. The stakes are too high and the task before us too important to do otherwise.
     
     I know as I continue my lifelong work for a stronger America and a better world, I will turn to you for the support, the strength, and the commitment that you have shown me in the past 16 months. And I will always keep faith with the issues and causes that are important to you.
     
     In the past few days, you have shown that support once again with hundreds of thousands of messages to the campaign, and again, I am touched by your thoughtfulness and kindness.
    
     I can never possibly express my gratitude, so let me say simply, thank you.
   
Sincerely,
Hillary Rodham Clinton