基辅航空馆

Today we’re going to visit the Museum of Aviation in Kiev where specimen of military aircraft are presented. On the picture above is a supersonic missile carrier and bomber Tu-22M that was the intimidation for NATO in the times of cold war. These machines were “eurostrategic”, that is capable of striking a missile blow on any object in Europe from a significant distance not even entering their zone of air defence. In NATO they got a codename “Backfire”. This powerful plane combined high supersonic speed (1800 km/h) with significant fire range.

今天我们要造访基辅航空馆，在那里有着众多的军机陈列品。上图为一架超音速导弹/炸弹载机图-22M，用于在冷战时期对北约进行威慑。这架飞机是“欧洲战略”的产物，能够不需要进入任何欧洲国家的防空区而对欧洲任何目标进行远程打击。北约给其代号“逆火”。这架威力无比的飞机有着极高的速度(1800公里/小时),同时有着非常远的火力射程。

Mi-26 helicopter - a very huge one.

米-26直升机-好大一机机（译注：原文图片就已经无法显示）

Su-20.

苏-20 （译注：原文图片就已经无法显示）

Supersonic fighter-bomber Su-17 was the first Soviet serial combat plane with changeable geometry of wings. Su-17 and its export variants Su-20 and Su-22 were the basis of the USSR’s aircraft as well as of 12 other countries of the world. They went through Afganistan, took part in conflicts on the territory of CIS, in Asia and Africa. Last models are still used in Peru and some countries of NATO.

超音速战斗机/轰炸机苏-17是苏联战斗机序列中的第一架可变翼飞机。苏-17以及其出口型苏-20和苏-22是苏联及世界上另外12个国家的中坚力量。他们去过阿富汗，参加过独联体冲突，也曾在亚洲及非洲的天空中驰骋。最后一些型号还在秘鲁及一些北约国家中使用。

Mig-29 - the front fighter.

米格-29--一线战斗机

Fighter-interceptor Su-15 was created in the beginning of 60-s. It was a popular plane of fighting aircraft in the USSR till the beginning of 1990-s. From 1966 to 1980 about 1300 units of Su-15 of all models were built.

苏-15截击机始建于上世纪六十年代。苏联大量使用该型战斗机，直到九十年代。从1966的到1980年，大约生产了1300架各个型号的苏-15。

Su-7B

苏-7B

Airliner Tu-104 presented in the museum’s exposition is twice the first - it’s not only the first soviet jet passenger plane, but the first specimen as well. It was built in 1956 in Ukraine at Kharkov’s aircraft factory. This is the only specimen of Tu-104 of the first batch.

博物馆陈列的这架图-104占了两个第一---它不仅是苏联第一架喷气机客机，而且是第一架样机。它于1956年产于乌克兰的哈尔科夫飞机制造厂。这是第一批图-104的唯一一架样机

Passenger plane Il-14 was created in the beginning of the 50-s . It was the first full-flegged airplane of civil aviation in the USSR that had the most perfect navigation equipment, improved comfort and reliability.

客机伊尔-14 始建于上世纪50年代。这是苏联第一架完全意义上的民用航空飞机，装配有非常完善的导航设备，极大提升了舒适性与可靠性。

Il-18 took the air in 1957. This first soviet turboprop plane wasn’t as rapid as his peer Tu-104, but neverthelss it appearred to be amazingly reliable and economic - there’s no equal rival of it concerning the economy of fuel.

伊尔-18于1957年飞上蓝天。苏联的第一架涡桨飞机，它没有图-104那样的速度，但是却有着惊人的可靠性和经济性。从耗油的经济性上讲，没有对手能与其抗衡。

Cockpit of Il-62.

伊尔-62的驾驶舱

Il-62 belongs to the second generation of soviet far-distant liners. It was created in the beginning of 60-s and it had a swept wing, T-like empennage and four engines in the tail that had the reverse of traction for decreasing the run during the boarding.

伊尔-62属于苏联第二代远程航班。始建于上世纪60年代，为后掠翼，T形尾翼，尾部四发格局，发动机有反推功能，帮助降落时减速。

Il-86 is the first soviet airbus. It was created in the end of 70-s for solving the problem of passenger traffic on the most intense lines of Aeroflot.

伊尔-86是苏联的首架大型中短程喷气客机。上世纪70年代末制造，用来解决最紧张的俄罗斯航空公司的客流问题。

An-2

安-2

An-26 is the most widespread transport plane in the world. An-26 can take on board up to 5.5 tonnes of load (or 40 paratroopers) and get it to the distance of 2500 km at any time of the day, even in difficult weather conditions.

安-26是世上最普及的运输飞机。一架安-26可能载重5.5吨(或者40个伞兵)，并在一天的任何时候将其运输2500公里，甚至可以在很糟糕的天气条件下飞行。

Wings of An-71

安-71的机翼

An-71.

安-71

Il-76

伊尔-76

Il-76 is the most powerful military transportation plane in Ukraine. Il-76 can carry loads up to 40 tonnes (or 145 paratroopers) with the speed of 750-800 km/h to the distance of 7,000 kms . Through a wide quadrivalve manhole 1-2 armoured troop carriers, a fighting vehicle or two lorries may enter the plane.

伊尔-76是乌克兰最强有力的军用运输机。伊尔-76最大载重可达40吨(或者145个伞兵），以750-800公里的时速飞行7000公里。通过一个宽大的四开型舱门，1-2个武装运兵车，一台战斗车辆和两辆卡车可以进入飞机。

Mi-24D

米-24D

Shock Mi-24 is a flying fighting vehicle. The helicopter has not only powerful weapon and armour, but it can take up to 8 gunners. The crew consists of a pilot and weapon system operator. Under its wings the helicopter can carry standard means of destruction (bombs and block of uncontrolled rockets) as well as highly-accurate controlled antitank rockets.

米-24是飞行中的战斗工具。这架直升机不只有强大的武器和装甲，而且可以带上8名枪手。机组人员由一个飞行员和武器系统操作员。翼下可以挂载标准的破坏武器（炸弹及火箭巢），也可以携带高精度的反坦克火箭。

Distant missile carrier and bomber Tu-22-M-0

远程导弹轰炸机图-22-M-0

H-22N rocket.

H-22N火箭

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