神马文学网[Poniatowski03] Section 2.3. Installing the HP-UX 11i Operating Environment
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Installing the HP-UX 11i Operating Environment
Installing HP-UX means installing one of the 11i Operating Environmentsand later building your complete, fully functional HP-UX system byinstalling both HP and non-HP applications. The initial system isloaded from the 11i media, or from another system on the network usingIgnite-UX. This chapter covers installing from media. Chapter 9 covers installing from a server.
Youcan have your system delivered with instant ignition, which means thatHP-UX has been loaded on your system and you'll only have to add to itthe application software you'll need. I cover the complete installationprocess from media so you can see the process from start to finish. Ifyou have instant ignition on your system, you may need to installadditional software on your system in the future and can, therefore,use some of the techniques described in this section to load thatsoftware.
One of the features of moving any version of the 11.x operating system (including 11i) is the option of taking advantage of 64-bit computing. Whereas previous versions of HP-UX supported only the 32-bitprocessor, with 11.x, you have the option of running either the 32-bitor the 64-bit version. Which version of the operating system you chooseis dependent on two things: what hardware you are using and yourapplication requirements. The 64-bit version is not supported on someSeries 700 workstations and many of the low-end Series 800s, but it isrequired for new systems. With other Series 800s, most notably the veryold K Class and T Class servers, you have the option to install eitherthe 32-bit or the 64-bit version. But don't worry too much if you areunsure whether your hardware supports 64-bit or not. If your hardwaredoesn't support the 64-bit version, you won't be prompted as to whichversion to install. The 32-bit version will be installed automatically.If you have the option to install the 32-bit or 64-bit version, thenyour hardware supports either.
Yourapplication requirements will also help determine whether you willinstall the 32-bit or 64-bit operating system. If your applications are32-bit, then you really have no reason to run the 64-bit version. If,however, you will be running a 64-bit application, then you obviouslywill need to install the 64-bit operating system. The good news is thatif you install the 32-bit operating system and then find that anapplication you want to install is 64-bit, you can upgrade to the64-bit operating system, assuming, of course, that your hardwaresupports it.
Booting the System and "Advanced Installation"
Inorder to install HP-UX software, place the core operating system mediafor HP-UX 11i into the DVD-ROM or CD-ROM drive. At the time of thiswriting, the CD-ROM was labeled HP-UX Release 11.11. There were two CD-ROMs as part of the core operating system I was working with because I was loading the Mission Critical Operating Environment which was on two CD-ROMs (more about the Operating Environments later).Be sure to insert the CD-ROM Install media before you begin theinstallation. As your HP 9000 unit boots, you will see a variety ofmessages fly by, including information about your processors, buses,boot paths, and so on. See Chapter 1, which covered the boot process, to get more information about booting.
Thefollowing example shows several steps that were taken. The examplebegins at the end of early boot. The early boot is the first part ofthe load process from media. There were many early boot-relatedmessages that appeared before the point where our example begins. Wediscontinued the boot process by pressing a key. After discontinuingthe boot we run SEArch to find bootable devices. Among the devices shown is the DVD-ROM drive containing our operating system media. We select p0 to boot off with the bo p0 command. We then choose not to interact with IPL.
Code View:Scroll/Show All************ EARLY BOOT VFP *************
End of early boot detected
*****************************************
Firmware Version 39.46
Duplex Console IO Dependent Code (IODC) revision 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(c) Copyright 1995-1998, Hewlett-Packard Company, All rights reserved
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Processor Speed State CoProcessor State Cache Size
Number State Inst Data
--------- -------- --------------------- ----------------- ------------
0 440 MHz Active Functional 512 KB 1 MB
3 440 MHz Idle Functional 512 KB 1 MB
Central Bus Speed (in MHz) : 82
Available Memory : 2097152 KB
Good Memory Required : 16908 KB
Primary boot path: 0/0/1/1.2
Alternate boot path: 0/0/2/0.2
Console path: 0/0/4/0.0
Keyboard path: 0/0/4/0.0
WARNING: The non-destructive test bit was set, so memory was not tested
destructively. Information only, no action required.
Processor is booting from first available device.
To discontinue, press any key within 10 seconds.
Boot terminated.
---- Main Menu ---------------------------------------------------------------
Command Description
------- -----------
BOot [PRI|ALT|] Boot from specified path
PAth [PRI|ALT] [] Display or modify a path
SEArch [DIsplay|IPL] [] Search for boot devices
COnfiguration menu Displays or sets boot values
INformation menu Displays hardware information
SERvice menu Displays service commands
DIsplay Redisplay the current menu
HElp [
The SEArchcommand in the previous listing showed us the bootable devices. Thereare three possible boot devices. The second two are in the internaldisks, one of which would normally be the primary boot device and theother, which is normally the alternate boot device. These two disks areon two different SCSI busses internal to the rp54xx (formerly know asthe L-Class). The first device was the external DVD-ROM that containsthe HP-UX 11i CD-ROM, which is operating system media off which we want to boot.
In order to boot off the media and not interact with IPL (for more information on IPL, see Chapter 1), we issued the following command:
Main Menu: Enter command or menu > bo p0
Interact with IPL (Y or N)?> N
After booting off P0, we are given the Welcome to the HP-UX installation/recovery process! menu, shown in the following example:
Code View:Scroll/Show AllWelcome to the HP-UX installation/recovery process!
Use thekey to navigate between fields, and the arrow keys
within fields. Use thekey to select an item.
Use theor to pop-up a choices list. If the
menus are not clear, select the "Help" item for more information.
Hardware Summary: System Model: 9000/800/L2000-44
+---------------------+----------------+-------------------+ [ Scan Again ]
| Disks: 2 ( 33.9GB) | Floppies: 0 | LAN cards: 2 |
| CD/DVDs: 1 | Tapes: 0 | Memory: 2048Mb |
| Graphics Ports: 0 | IO Buses: 8 | CPUs: 2 | [ H/W Details ]
+---------------------+----------------+-------------------+
[ Install HP-UX ]
[ Run a Recovery Shell ]
[ Advanced Options ]
[ Reboot ] [ Help ]
The Welcome to the HP-UX installation/recovery process!menu is the first menu displayed. It gives a summary of the hardware onyour system. If you want to see more detail, select the H/W Detailsoption on the right side of the screen. This takes you to a detailedlisting of your hardware. It includes items such as hardware paths,disk drive capacities, and LAN addresses. We won't perform any otherfunctions in this example other than our selection of Install HP-UX.
When we select Install HP-UX, we get the User Interface and Media Options menu shown in the following example:
Code View:Scroll/Show AllUser Interface and Media Options
This screen lets you pick from options that will determine if an
Ignite-UX server is used, and your user interface preference.
Source Location Options:
[ * ] Media only installation
[ ] Media with Network enabled (allows use of SD depots)
[ ] Ignite-UX server based installation
User Interface Options:
[ ] Guided Installation (recommended for basic installs)
[ * ] Advanced Installation (recommended for disk and filesystem management)
[ ] No user interface - use all the defaults and go
Hint: If you need to make LVM size changes, or want to set the
final networking parameters during the install, you will
need to use the Advanced mode (or remote graphical interface).
[ OK ] [ Cancel ] [ Help ]
Thismenu gives you the option of installing from the media only, from themedia combined with the software depots on your network, or from the Ignite-UX product. We'll be installing from the media only in our example.
We next select Advanced Installation because this gives us the greatest level of flexibility when installing. Guided Installation leads you through a basic system configuration setup. It allows for only a few system-specific options. Advanced Installation is much more flexible and allows for extensive system-specific parameters to be set. We'll walk through the Advanced Installation steps.
Thedisplay that now appears is similar to that used by Ignite-UX. In fact,it is the same except that Ignite-UX uses a Graphical User Interface(GUI) versus the Terminal User Interface (TUI). Figure 2-1 shows this display.
Figure 2-1. Ignite-UX Display Basic Tab Area Using TUI
/opt/ignite/bin/itool
/-------\/----------\/--------\/-------------\/----------\
| Basic || Software|| System || File System || Advanced |
\ \-----------------------------------------------/
Configurations: [ HP-UX B.11.11 Default ->] [ Description... ]
Environments: [ Mission Critical OE-64bit ->] (HP-UX B.11.11)
[ Root Disk... ] SEAGATE ST318203LC, 0/0/1/1.2.0, 17366 M
File System: [ Logical Volume Manager (LVM) with VxFS ->]
[ Root Swap (MB)... ] 1024 Physical Memory (RAM) = 2048 MB
[ Languages... ] English [Keyboards... ] [ Additional... ]
---------------------------------------------------------------------
[ Show Summary... ] [ Reset Configuration ]
---------------------------------------------------------------------
[ Go! ] [ Cancel ] [Help]
The Advanced Installationmenu lets you choose from among the menu tab areas with the ability ofgoing back and forth among them until you are satisfied with yourchoices.
Across the top of the menu display are five tab areas: Basic, Software, System, File System, and Advanced.By pressing the tab key, each Tab area can be highlighted. To selectthe highlighted tab area, press the Enter/Return key. This will causethat tab area's screen to be displayed. Within each of these areas areseveral parameters that can be modified for your specific system.Listed below are the main features of each tab area:
-
Basic - configuration and environment information.
-
Software - ability to choose optional software to be installed. Mostly the same options that appear under Guided Installation.
-
System - networking parameters. Also configurable via the set_parms command.
-
File System - disk space allocation.
-
Advanced - advanced disk, file system, logical volume, and volume group parameters.
We configure our system beginning with the Basic screen as shown in Figure 2-1.
Items of particular importance are discussed below:
-
Configuration - we use HP-UX B.11.11 Default. HP-UX 11i is called by its original name, 11.11, in some cases.
-
Environments - there are four 11i environments to select from at the time of this writing. This is a major change in the software distribution method for HP-UX 11i. The Operating Environments are bundles of software that make installing 11i easier. We'll select the first of the four, which is the top level, or most elaborate, of the Operating Environments as shown in the following example:
Mission Critical OE-64bit .>] (HP-UX B.11.11)
Enterprise OE-64bit
HP-UX 11i OE-64bit
HP-UX 11i Base OS-64bit -
Root Disk - the default selection for the root disk is the first internal disk drive, which is the disk with a path of 0/0/1/1.2.0 in our example.
-
File System - we are given the option of choosing wholedisk (not LVM) with HFS, Logical Volume Manager with HFS, or Logical Volume Manager with VxFS. If you have not reviewed the Logical Volume Manager section of this chapter, you will want to do so before you make this selection (LVM is Logical Volume Manager). I am a strong advocate of using Logical Volume Manager with VxFS whenever possible.
-
Root Swap - the system automatically selects an amount twice the size of your main memory, or a maximum of 1024 MBytes. You will want to consider your primary swap space very carefully. The rp54xx system (L-Class) in our example has 2 GBytes of memory and we'll go with the default of 1 GByte of swap as shown.
-
Languages - We'll install English on our system; however, there are many languages available for 11i systems.
-
Additional - this is the pick at the bottom right corner of the screen, not the tab area. Here is where you can configure such things as a second swap area, adding a second disk drive to the root volume, and disabling DHCP. With 11i, DHCP, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, works with an Ignite-UX server that automatically assigns system name, IP address, and so on.
The major difference between the selections just discussed for 11i and earlier releases of 11.x are the Operating Environments. 11i is the first HP-UX release for which Operating Environments are available.
Moving to the Software tab area, we find software on the installation CD-ROM for 11i that has been marked for installation. Since we have selected theMission Critical Operating Environment, there is a lot of software automatically selected as part of this installation.
Figure 2-2 shows some of the software we have selected in the Software tab area. We have selected All so that we can see all of the software that has been selected as part of the Mission Critical Operating Environment. We could scroll down to see additional software.
Figure 2-2. Software Tab Area
/opt/ignite/bin/itool
/-------\/----------\/--------\/-------------\/----------\
| Basic || Software|| System || File System || Advanced |
\--------/ \------------------------------------/
Category Marked? Product Description
--------------------------------------------------------------
All Yes GigEther-00 PCI/HSC/EFF-HSCGigEther
HPUXAdditions Yes HPUXBaseAux HP-UX Base OS Auxilary
OrderedApps No HyprFabrc-00 PCI/HSC HyperFabric Driver
Uncategorized No J4258BA Netscape Directory Server
No J4274AA HP WebQoS Peak Packaged Ed
No RAID-00 PCI RAID; Supptd HW=A5856A
No TermIO-00 PCI MUX; Supptd HW=J3592A
[ Change Depot Location... ]
---------------------------------------------------------------------
[ Show Summary... ] [ Reset Configuration ]
---------------------------------------------------------------------
[ Go! ] [ Cancel ] [Help]
Other software that you may want to install can be selected from the installation CD. In the example the first two items have been selected automatically as part of the Mission Critical Operating Environment. At this point, we could select additional software, such as Hyperfabric and Netscape Directory Server in this window. Keep in mind that the software shown in this window is on the core operating system CD-ROM for 11i. You may later want to install application software from the HP-UX Applications CD set. This is done using Software Distributor. An overview of the Software Distributor product used for installing all HP-UX 11i software appears later in this chapter. You may want to take a look at this overview to get a feeling for the type of functionality that Software Distributor offers. The swinstall program is the Software Distributor program used to install software. If you have application software to be installed, you will interact with swinstall and possibly be asked for codeword information for some of the software to be installed. If your software is protected, you will have to enter the codeword information. If you need a codeword, it should be printed on the CD-ROM certificate you received with your software. This codeword is tied to the ID number of a hardware device in your system.
We'llselect some additional software components so we can view them afterinstallation has completed. With the software we wish to load on oursystem having been selected, we can move on to the next area.
The System tab area, shown in Figure 2-3,is where system identification-related configuration information can befound. Since we want to configure networking and related informationafter the installation is complete, we have changed only the first itemon this screen. The options for the first item are:
We selected Ask at first boot.
Figure 2-3. System Tab Area
/opt/ignite/bin/itool
/-------\/----------\/--------\/-------------\/----------\
| Basic || Software|| System || File System || Advanced |
\--------------------/ \-------------------------/
Final System Parameters: [ Ask at first boot ->]
All of the system parameters will be collected interactively.
during the initial boot of the system.
If you wish to specify these parameters now, please select
"Set parameters now".
---------------------------------------------------------------------
[ Show Summary... ] [ Reset Configuration ]
---------------------------------------------------------------------
[ Go! ] [ Cancel ] [Help]
When the system first boots, we'll be asked to enter system identification-related information.
The File System tab area, shown in Figure 2-4,is of particular importance. Here is where you can change file systemsizes. You will not normally be satisfied with the default sizes ofsome of the logical volumes. I normally spend some time in this tabarea increasing the sizes of some of the logical volumes. Figure 2-4 also shows the layout of the File Systemscreen and the values of three of the logical volumes with theirupdated sizes. Root is highlighted in this example, so the parametersrelated to it appear under Usage, Size, and so on.
Figure 2-4. File System Tab Area
/opt/ignite/bin/itool
/-------\/----------\/--------\/-------------\/----------\
| Basic || Software|| System || File System || Advanced |
\------------------------------/ \-----------/
Mount Dir Usage Size(MB) % Used Group S
/stand HFS 300 7 vg00 F ^ [ Add ]
primary SWAP+D 1024 0 vg00 R [ Modify ]
/ VxFS 400 9 vg00 F v [ Remove ]
Usage: [ VxFS ->] Group: [ vg ->] Mount Dir: /
Size: [ Fixed MB ->] 400 Avail: 13360 MB
[ Add/Remove Disks... ] [ ---- Additional Tasks ---- ->]
---------------------------------------------------------------------
[ Show Summary... ] [ Reset Configuration ]
---------------------------------------------------------------------
[ Go! ] [ Cancel ] [Help]
To make logical volume size changes, you select the mount directory of the logical volume, tab down to Size, and enter the desired new size. In addition to Size, there are several other parameters related to the logical volume that you can change.
You will notice that Availshows you how much disk space is left to be allocated on your diskdrive. It is perfectly all right to leave some disk space unallocated.This will give you a cushion for when you need to increase disk spacedown the road.
Aftermaking all the volume size-related modifications, we are ready to goahead and install the system. However, first we want to choose the Show Summaryoption toward the bottom of the screen. This option will show us asummary of all the changes we made. This gives us a chance to make surethat we didn't forget something. Figure 2-5 shows the General Summary screen.
Figure 2-5. General Summary Screen
Summary View
/---------------\/---------------------\
|General Summary ||Hardware Inventory |
\ \---------------------/
Operating System: HP-UX B.11.11
Product Description
------- -----------
CDE-English English CDE Environment ^
FDDI-00 PCI FDDI;Supported HW=A3739A/A3739B
GigEther-00 PCI/HSC/EFF-HSC GigEther,Supptd HW= v
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Grp Name Usage Size(MB) % Used Mount Dir
-------- ----- -------- - ---- ---------
vg00 HFS 300 7 /stand ^
vg00 SWAP+D 1024 0 primary
vg00 VxFS 400 9 /
vg00 VxFS 64 0 /tmp v
------------------------------------------------------------------
[ OK ] [ Help ]
This screen provides information on the software we have selected to load and information on our logical volumes.
Figure 2-6 shows the Hardware Inventory Summary screen.
Figure 2-6. Hardware Inventory Summary Screen
Summary View
/---------------\/---------------------\
|General Summary ||Hardware Inventory |
\---------------/\ \
Hardware Summary: System Model: 9000/800/L2000-44 ^
+---------------------+----------------+-------------------+
| Disks: 2 ( 33.9GB) | Floppies: 0 | LAN cards: 2 |
| CD/DVDs: 1 | Tapes: 0 | Memory: 2048Mb |
| Graphics Ports: 0 | IO Buses: 8 | CPUs: 2 |
+---------------------+----------------+-------------------+
Disk Drives:
H/W Path Capacity(Mb) Model
0/0/1/1.2.0 17366 SEAGATE_ST318203LC
0/0/2/0.2.0 17366 SEAGATE_ST318203LC
v
F< >G
-----------------------------------------------------------------
[ OK ] [ Help ]
The Hardware Inventory Summary screen information provides a short summary of system hardware.
Since we are satisfied with all of the modifications we have made we are ready to load the operating system. We choose Go! which appears at the bottom of all the tab area screens and the screen in Figure 2-7 appears:
Figure 2-7. Go! Screen
itool Confirmation
All data will be destroyed on the following disks:
Addr Disk Size(MB) Description
---- ------------- -----------
0/0/1/1.2.0 17366 MB SEAGATE_ST318203LC
The results of the pre-install analysis are:
WARNING: The disk at: 0/0/1/1.2.0 (SEAGATE_ST318203LC)
appears to contain a file system and boot area. Continuing
the installation will destroy any existing data on this
disk.
--------------------------------------------------------------
[ Go! ] [ Cancel ] [Help]
Thisscreen warns us that there is an operating system already present onour target disk, but we want to proceed with the installation anywayand select Go!.The load of the HP-UX is automatic at this point and you can come backin an hour or so to check the log file and see if loading the operatingsystem completed successfully.
It may be that your HP-UX 11i Operating Environment requires a second CD-ROM to complete the installation, as is the case with our Mission Critical Operating Environment. As shown in the upcoming listing, you'll be prompted to load the second CD-ROM:
Code View:Scroll/Show All=======================================================================
USER INTERACTION REQUIRED:
To complete the installation you must now insert the
"MC_OE" CD.
Once this is done, press thekey to continue:
* Starting swinstall of the source (MC_OE).
* Running command: "/usr/sbin/swinstall -s/tmp/ign_configure/SD_CDROM
-f/tmp/ign_configure/software_file -x os_release=B.11.11 -x
os_name=HP-UX:64 "
Whenthe operating system load is complete we're asked for the systemidentification-related information we did not earlier enter. Thefollowing listing shows the first of these screens:
Code View:Scroll/Show All_______________________________________________________________________________
Welcome to HP-UX!
Before using your system, you will need to answer a few questions.
The first question is whether you plan to use this system on a network.
Answer "yes" if you have connected the system to a network and are ready
to link with a network.
Answer "no" if you:
* Plan to set up this system as a standalone (no networking).
* Want to use the system now as a standalone and connect to a
network later.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Are you ready to link this system to a network?
Press [y] for yes or [n] for no, then press [Enter]
Ifyou choose to connect your system network, you'll be asked a variety ofquestions about the networking configuration. You don't have to enterthis information now because there is a command called set_parmsthat we'll cover in the next section, which is an alternative way ofentering system identification-related information. We'll cover thiscommand in the next section.
Let'snow move to the next section, in which we'll specify the system-relatedinformation we have put off during our installation.
Afterwe specify the system-related information, we'll come back to thesoftware we just loaded so that you can see what was loaded and thecomponents of which the Mission Critical Operating Environment is comprised.
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