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© 2000 UNIXguide.net, All Rights Reserved.Hermelito Go  (Last Update:  Wednesday, 07-Dec-2005 11:11:32 PST ) Directory Mappings  AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64
Root filesystem /              {/dev/hd4} /       {/dev/ad0s1a} /          {/dev/vg00/lvol1} /                  {/dev/sda1} /  {/dev/vx/dsk/rootvol} /     {/dev/rz0a}
Home Directory /home          {/dev/hd1}   /home      {/dev/vg00/lvol4}   /export/home
/dev/vx/dsk/home}
/tmp           {/dev/hd3}   /tmp       {/dev/vg00/lvol6}   /tmp
/dev/vx/dsk/swapvol}
/usr           {/dev/hd2} /usr    {/dev/ad0s1f} /usr       {/dev/vg00/lvol7}   /usr  /usr    {/dev/rz0g}
/var        {/dev/hd9var} /var    {/dev/ad0s1e} /var       {/dev/vg00/lvol8}   /var
Sample configuration files -   /usr/newconfig
User Accounts AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64
Password files /etc/passwd
/etc/security/passwd /etc/passwd
/etc/master.passwd /etc/passwd
/tcb/files/auth/r/root /etc/passwd
/etc/shadow /etc/passwd
/etc/shadow /etc/passwd
Groups file /etc/group
/etc/security/group /etc/group /etc/group
/etc/logingroup /etc/group /etc/group /etc/group
Maximum # of user ID 4294967295 65535 2147483647 65535 2147483647 65535
Allow/Deny remote login /etc/security/user
{rlogin=true} /etc/ttys
{secure} /etc/securetty
{console} /etc/securetty
{ttyp1} /etc/default/login
{CONSOLE=/dev/console} /etc/securettys
{ttyp1}
User nobody‘s id # 4294967294 65534 -2 99 60001 & 65534(nobody4) 65534
Group nobody‘s id # 4294967294 65534 -2(nogroup) 99 60002 & 65534(nogroup) 65534
Recover root password boot from CD/Tape
Installation/Maintenance
Start Limited Shell
getrootfs hdisk0
vi /etc/security/passwd ok boot -s
passwd root >boot
Interact with IPL ? Y
ISL>hpux -iS
passwd root {lilo}
control-x
linux S
passwd root
{grub}
c
kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-13 single   ro root=/dev/hda8
initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img
boot
passwd root boot cdrom -s
mkdir /tmp/a
mount /dev/c0t0d0s0 /tmp/a
vi /tmp/a/etc/shadow press the HALT Button or (Control-P)
>>>boot -fl s
lsmbstartup
/sbin/bcheckrc
passwd root
Create new user mkuser adduser useradd useradd useradd useradd
Delete user rmuser rmuser userdel userdel userdel userdel
List users lsuser -f ALL   logins   logins
Modify user account chuser -a   usermod usermod usermod usermod
General Commands AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64
Unique host ID hostid   uname -i hostid hostid hostid
Administrator smit   sam linuxconf admintool sysman
Performance monitor top
monitor top top
glance top top top
System activity reporter sar sa sar sar{sysstat} sar /usr/opt/svr4/bin/sar
Virtual Memory statistics vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat
I/O statistics iostat iostat iostat iostat{sysstat} iostat iostat
Error logs alog -o -t boot
errpt dmesg dmesg dmesg  dmesg uerf -R -o full
Physical RAM 1TB   4TB 64 GB {>2.3.24} 16TB 4TB
Shared Memory 2.75GB   8TB sysctl kernel.shmmax
Process Data Space 2GB   4GB 900 MB
Swap device /dev/hd6 /dev/ad0s1b /dev/vg00/lvol2 /dev/sda2 /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol /dev/rz0b
Swap file type /etc/swapspaces swap swap partition type 82  swap raw
Display swap size lsps -a swapinfo swapinfo -a free swap -l swapon -s
Activate Swap swapon -a swapon -a swapon -a swapon -a swap -a swapon -a
Printers AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX Solaris Tru64
Printer Queues /etc/qconfig /var/spool/print /etc/lp/interface/* /var/spool/lpd/lp/* /etc/lp/interfaces/* /usr/spool/lpd
Stop LP  stopsrc -s lpd   lpshut /etc/init.d/lpd stop /usr/lib/lp/lpshut /sbin/init.d/lpd stop
Start LP startsrc -s lpd lpd lpsched /etc/init.d/lpd start /usr/lib/lp/lpsched /sbin/init.d/lpd start
Submit print jobs enq
lp
lpr
qprt lp lp lpr lp
lpr lp
lpr
LP statistics enq -A
lpq
lpstat
qchk lpq lpstat lpq lpstat lpstat
Remove print jobs cancel
lprm
qcan
enq -x cancel
lprm cancel lprm cancel
lprm cancel
lprm
Add printer queue smit mkpq   lpadmin -p pq printtool lpadmin -p pq lprsetup
Remove Printer queue smit rmpq   lpadmin -x pq   lpadmin -x pq lprsetup
Make default printer export LPDEST="pq"   lpadmin -d pq   lpadmin -d pq export PRINTER="lp"
TCP/IP AIX   HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64
Network IP configuration lsattr -E -l inet0 /etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.config.d/netconf /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/  /etc/hostname.*
/etc/inet/*
/etc/defaultrouter /etc/rc.config
Hosts IP addresses /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/inet/hosts /etc/hosts
Name service switch /etc/netsvc.conf /etc/host.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/svc.conf
Network parameters no -a sysctl ndd -h sysctl -a | grep net ndd /dev/[tcp|ip] ?
Routing daemon gated routed gated routed in.routed routed
NIC Configurations ifconfig -a ifconfig -a lanscan -v ifconfig -a ifconfig -a ifconfig -a
Secondary IP Address ifconfig en0 alias IP  ifconfig xl0 alias IP ifconfig lan0:1 IP  modprobe ip_alias
ifconfig eth0:1 IP ifconfig hme0:1 IP up ifconfig ln0 alias
Login prompt HERALD @
/etc/security/login.cfg    telnetd -b /etc/issue  /etc/issue BANNER @
/etc/default/telnetd /etc/issue
Increase the # of pseudo-terminals odmget -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" PdAt | sed "s/0-64/0-512/" |
odmchange -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" -o PdAt
chdev -l pty0 -anum=256 -P
reboot
rebuild your kernel with these new values NPTY=#
NSTRPY=#
reboot
insf -d ptys -n #
insf -d ptym -n #
insf -d pts -s # -e -v
cd /dev
./MAKEDEV -v pty {/etc/system}
set pt_cnt = #   {SYSV}
set npty = #      {BSD}
{/etc/iu.ap}
ptsl 0 # ldterm ttcompat
halt
boot -r
cd /dev
./MAKEDEV PTY_1
Maximum # of ptys 512   {MAXUSERS} 256 176                {BSD}
3000              {SYSV} 8192
Remote Shell remsh
rsh rsh remsh rsh rsh rsh
YP/NIS service binder /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind  /usr/sbin/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind  /sbin/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/sbin/ypbind
System Files AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64
NFS exported /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab
/etc/dfs/sharetab /etc/exports
NFS Client mounted directories /etc/xtab   /etc/xtab /var/lib/nfs/xtab /etc/rmtab /var/adm/mountdtab
Max File System 128 GB   128 GB 2 TB  1 TB
8000 TB {vxfs} 128 GB {<= 3.2G}
512 GB {>= 4.0}
16 TB {advfs}
Max File Size 64 GB   128 GB 2 GB     {512B block size}
8192 GB  {8KB block size}  1 TB
2 GB {=<2.5.1} 128 GB {<= 3.2G}
512 GB {>= 4.0}
16 TB {advfs}
Max # File Descriptors 64 K   60~ K sysctl fs.file-max 64 K 64 K
DISK/LVM Commands AIX FreeBSDHP-UX:Disk &Filesystem LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64
Filesystem table /etc/filesystems /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab /etc/fstab
Free disk blocks df -k df -k bdf df -k df -k df -k
Device listing lsdev -C   /sbin/ioscan cat /proc/devices sysdef
Disk information bootinfo -s hdisk#  fdisk -v ad0 diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d# cat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model format -d c#t#d#
format>current
format>inquiry file /dev/rrz0c
Disk Label lspv -l hdisk# disklabel ad0 pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d# fdisk -l prtvtoc disklabel -p rz0
LVM Concepts Partition  sub disk logical extents logical extents sub disk sub disk
Volume Volume logical volume logical volume Volume Volume
Plex     Plex Plex
Volume group   volume group volume group disk group disk group
Journal Filesystem type jfs   vxfs ext3
reiserfs vxfs advfs
Default volume group /dev/rootvg   /dev/vg00   /dev/vx/dsk/rootdg /dev/vol/rootdg
Display volume group lsvg -l rootvg   vgdisplay -v vg00 vgdisplay -v vxprint -l -g rootdg volprint -l -g rootdg
Modify physical volume chpv   pvchange pvchange
Prepare physical disk mkdev -c disk -l hdisk#   pvcreate pvcreate vxdiskadd voldiskadd
List physical volume lspv vinum ld pvdisplay pvdisplay vxprint -dl volprint -dl
Remove disk from volume group reducevg   vgreduce vgreduce vxdg rmdisk voldg rmdisk
Move logical volumes to another physical volumes migratepv vinum move -f drive object pvmove pvmove vxassist move volassist move
Create volume group mkvg   vgcreate vgcreate vxdg init voldg init
Remove volume group     vgremove vgremove
Volume group availability chvg
varyonvg
varyoffvg   vgchange vgchange
Restore volume group     vgcfgrestore vgcfgrestore
Exports volume group exportvg   vgexport vgexport vxdg deport voldg deport
Imports volume group importvg   vgimport vgimport vxdg import voldg import
Volume group listing lsvg   vgscan vgscan
Change logical volume characteristics  chlv   lvchange lvchange  vxedit set voledit set
List logical volume lslv vinum lv lvdisplay lvdisplay vxprint -vl volprint -vl
Make logical volume mklv   lvcreate lvcreate vxassist make volassist make
Extend logical volume extendlv   lvextend lvextend vxassist growto volassist growto
Reduce logical volumeAIX reduce LV   lvreduce lvreduce vxassist shrinkto volassist shrinkto
Remove logical volume rmlv vinum rm vol lvremove lvremove vxedit rm voledit -g rootdg -rf rm vol1
Prepare boot volumes bootlist -m normal   lvlnboot lilo vxbootsetup
Remove boot volumes     lvrmboot
Extend File system chfs -a size=# /mt   extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8
fsadm -F vxfs -b {LE * 1024} /mt resize2fs
resize_reiserfs vxva
mkfs -M
Reduce/Split mirrors rmlvcopy   lvsplit lvsplit
Merge mirrors     lvmerge lvmerge
Create mirrors mklv -c 2 vinum mirror drive lvcreate -m 1   vxassist mirror volassist make vol 100mb mirror=true
Add mirrors mklvcopy lv 2    lvextend -m 1
Create striped volumes mklv -u 3 -S 64K vinum stripe drive lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 vxassist make vol 100mb layout=raid5 volassist make vol 100mb layout=stripe
System recovery tape mksysb -i /dev/rmt0   /opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery     /usr/sys/bin/btcreate
Backup savevg -i rootvg vinum saveconfig fbackup tar cvf /dev/rst0 / ufsdump vdump
Restore restvg    frecover tar xvf /dev/rst0  ufsrestore vrestore
MISC AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64
Startup script /etc/rc /etc/rc /sbin/rc /etc/rc.d/rc /etc/init.d /sbin/init.d
Kernel /usr/lib/boot/unix_up /kernel /stand/vmunix /boot/vmlinuz /kernel/genunix /vmunix
Kernel Parameters lsattr -E -l sys0 sysctl -a sysdef
kmtune
kmsystem sysctl -a sysdef -i sysconfig
dxkerneltuner
Reconfigure the kernel
chdev -l sys0 -a  cd /sys/i386/conf
vi KERNEL
config KERNEL
cd ../../compile/KERNEL
make depend
make
make install cd /stand/build
/usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -v -s system
vi system
mk_kernel -s system
cd /stand
mv system system.prev
mv vmunix vmunix.prev
mv dlkm dlkm.prev
mv /stand/build/system system
kmupdate /stand/build/vmunix_test cd /usr/src/linux
make mrproper
make menuconfig
make dep
make clean
make bzImage
make install
make modules
make modules_install
cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.2.16
mkinitrd /boot/initrd-2.2.16.img 2.2.16
vi /etc/lilo.conf
lilo
vi /etc/system
reboot doconfig
List modules genkex kldstat kmadmin -s lsmod modinfo
Load module   kldload kmadmin -L insmod modload
Unload module   kldunload kmadmin -U rmmod modunload
Initialize system install_assist /stand/sysinstall set_parms initial netconf sys-unconfig netsetup
Physical RAM bootinfo -r sysctl hw.physmem grep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log free prtconf uerf | grep memory
Kernel Bits bootinfo -K   getconf KERNEL_BITS getconf LONG_BIT isainfo -kv 64
Crash utility crash crash adblcrash crash kdbx
Trace System Calls syscalls trusstusc strace trusstrace
Machine model uname -m
bootinfo -m uname -m model
uname -m uname -m uname -imp uname -p
OS Level oslevel uname -r uname -r uname -r uname -r sizer -v
Run Level who -r   who -r runlevel who -r who -r
Core dump files /var/adm/ras   /var/adm/crash   /var/crash/`uname -n`
Boot single user Key on service mode/F4
Boot from CD/Tape
Select Maintenance
Limited function Shell ok boot -s >boot
Interact with IPL ? Y
ISL>hpux -iS {lilo}
control-x
linux S
{grub}
c
kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-13 single   ro root=/dev/hda8
initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img
boot ok boot -s >>> boot -fl s
Maintenance mode   ok boot -as >boot
Interact with IPL ? Y
ISL>hpux -lm   ok boot -as
Interrupt Key     control-B   Stop-A control-P
Return to console     co   ok go
Timezone Management /etc/environment
/etc/profile /etc/localtime /etc/TIMEZONE /etc/sysconfig/clock /etc/TIMEZONE
/etc/default/init /etc/svid3_tz
timezone
NTP Daemon /etc/ntp.conf
startsrc -s xntpd /etc/rc.conf {xntpd_enable="YES"}
/etc/rc.network /etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons
/sbin/init.d/xntpd /etc/ntp.conf
/etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd /etc/inet/ntp.conf
/etc/init.d/xntpd rcmgr set XNTPD_CONF YES
/sbin/init.d/xntpd
Software AIX   HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64
Install Software installp -a pkg_add swinstall rpm -i package pkgadd setld -l
Uninstall software installp -u pkg_delete swremove rpm -e package pkgrm setld -d
List installed software lslpp -L all pkg_info -a swlist rpm -qa pkginfo setld -i
Verify installed software lppchk -v   swlist -l fileset -a state rpm -V package pkginfo -i
pkginfo -p setld -v
List all files lslpp -f fileset pkg_info -L package swlist -l file fileset rpm -ql package pkgchk -l package setld -i package
List installed patches instfix -i   swlist -l patch
what /stand/vmunix   patchadd -p dupatch -track -type patch
Package owner lslpp -w path   swlist -l file | grep path rpm -qf file pkgchk -l -p path
SW Directory /usr/lpp /var/db/pkg /var/adm/sw/ /var/lib/rpm /var/sadm /var/adm/smlogs
Devices AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64
Devices /dev /dev /dev /dev /devices /dev
Install devices for attached peripherals cfgmgr -v /dev/MAKEDEV insf -e /dev/MAKEDEV drvconfig
devlinks
disks
tapes
ports scu scan edt
scsimgr -scan_all
Remove device rmdev -l   rmsf   rem_drv
Device drivers lscfg   lsdev   prtconf -D
CPU lsdev -Cc processor sysctl hw.model ioscan -fnC processor cat /proc/cpuinfo psrinfo -v psrinfo -v
List Terminal lsdev -Cc tty   ioscan -fnC tty   pmadm -l
Diagnostics diag pciconf -l stm lspci
pnpdump /usr/platform/`uname -m`/
sbin/prtdiag
ok test-all
/opt/SUNWvts/bin/sunvts
Whole Disk /dev/hdisk# /dev/ad0s1c /dev/dsk/c#t#d0 /dev/sda /dev/c#t#d0s2 /dev/rz0c
CDROM /dev/cd0 /dev/acd0c /dev/dsk/c#t2d0 /dev/cdrom /dev/dsk/c#t6d0s2 /dev/rz3c
CDROM file type cdrfs cd9660 cdfs iso9660 hsfs cdfs
Rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0 /dev/rwt0d /dev/rmt/0m /dev/rst0               { c 9 0} /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rmt0
Non-rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0.1 /dev/nrwt0d /dev/rmt/0mn /dev/nrst0           { c 9 128 } /dev/rmt/0n /dev/nrmt0
Floppy drive /dev/rfd0 /dev/fd0 - /dev/fd0 /dev/diskette /dev/fd0c
Links AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64
FAQAIX-FAQFreeBSD FAQHP-UX FAQLINUX FAQSolaris 2 FAQTru64 FAQ
Online ManualAIX 5.3 DocsFreeBSD Hand BookHP-UX Reference ManualLinux Documentation ProjectSolaris 10 DocumentationTru64 Documents
Technical Supportp5 TechSupport  IT Resource CenterRed Hat supportSunSolveAlpha Systems Support
Phone Number 1-800-CALL-AIX   1-800-633-3600 1-888-REDHAT1 1-800-USA-4SUN 1-800-474-6836
Free SoftwarePublic Domain Software LibraryFreeBSD Primary SiteHP-UX PortsLinux Software MapSun FreewareTru64 Demos, Shareware & Freeware
Certificationwww.ibm.com  education.hp.comRHCEsuned.sun.comASE Information
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