神马文学网Range对象基本操作应用示例
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Range对象基本操作应用示例
vba 2007-07-24 19:04 阅读
Range对象可能是VBA代码中最常用的对象，Range对象可以是某一单元格、某一单元格区域、某一行、某一列、或者是多个连续或非连续的区域组成的区域。下面介绍Range对象的一些属性和方法。
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[示例05-01] 赋值给某单元格
[示例05-01-01]
Sub test1()
Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A5").Value = 22
MsgBox "工作表Sheet1内单元格A5中的值为" _
& Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A5").Value
End Sub
[示例05-01-02]
Sub test2()
Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A1").Value = _
Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A5").Value
MsgBox "现在A1单元格中的值也为" & _
Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A5").Value
End Sub
[示例05-01-03]
Sub test3()
MsgBox "用公式填充单元格,本例为随机数公式"
Range("A1:H8").Formula = "=Rand()"
End Sub
[示例05-01-04]
Sub test4()
Worksheets(1).Cells(1, 1).Value = 24
MsgBox "现在单元格A1的值为24"
End Sub
[示例05-01-05]
Sub test5()
MsgBox "给单元格设置公式,求B2至B5单元格区域之和"
ActiveSheet.Cells(2, 1).Formula = "=Sum(B1:B5)"
End Sub
[示例05-01-06]
Sub test6()
MsgBox "设置单元格C5中的公式."
Worksheets(1).Range("C5:C10").Cells(1, 1).Formula = "=Rand()"
End Sub
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[示例05-02] 引用单元格
Sub Random()
Dim myRange As Range
'设置对单元格区域的引用
Set myRange = Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A1:D5")
'对Range对象进行操作
myRange.Formula = "=RAND()"
myRange.Font.Bold = True
End Sub
示例说明：可以设置Range对象变量来引用单元格区域，然后对该变量所代表的单元格区域进行操作。
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[示例05-03] 清除单元格
[示例05-03-01]清除单元格中的内容(ClearContents方法)
Sub testClearContents()
MsgBox "清除指定单元格区域中的内容"
Worksheets(1).Range("A1:H8").ClearContents
End Sub
[示例05-03-02]清除单元格中的格式(ClearFormats方法)
Sub testClearFormats()
MsgBox "清除指定单元格区域中的格式"
Worksheets(1).Range("A1:H8").ClearFormats
End Sub
[示例05-03-03]清除单元格中的批注(ClearComments方法)
Sub testClearComments()
MsgBox "清除指定单元格区域中的批注"
Worksheets(1).Range("A1:H8").ClearComments
End Sub
[示例05-03-04]清除单元格中的全部，包括内容、格式和批注(Clear方法)
Sub testClear()
MsgBox "彻底清除指定单元格区域"
Worksheets(1).Range("A1:H8").Clear
End Sub
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[示例05-04] Range和Cells
Sub test()
'设置单元格区域A1:J10的边框线条样式
With Worksheets(1)
.Range(.Cells(1, 1), _
.Cells(10, 10)).Borders.LineStyle = xlThick
End With
End Sub
示例说明：可用 Range(cell1, cell2) 返回一个 Range 对象，其中cell1和cell2为指定起始和终止位置的Range对象。
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[示例05-05] 选取单元格区域(Select方法)
Sub testSelect()
'选取单元格区域A1:D5
Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A1:D5").Select
End Sub
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[示例05-06] 基于所选区域偏离至另一区域(Offset属性)
[示例05-06-01]
Sub testOffset()
Worksheets("Sheet1").Activate
Selection.Offset(3, 1).Select
End Sub
示例说明：可用Offset(row, column)(其中row和column为行偏移量和列偏移量)返回相对于另一区域在指定偏移量处的区域。如上例选定位于当前选定区域左上角单元格的向下三行且向右一列处单元格区域。
[示例05-06-02] 选取距当前单元格指定行数和列数的单元格
Sub ActiveCellOffice()
MsgBox "显示距当前单元格第3列、第2行的单元格中的值"
MsgBox ActiveCell.Offset(3, 2).Value
End Sub
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[示例05-07] 调整区域的大小(Resize属性)
Sub ResizeRange()
Dim numRows As Integer, numcolumns As Integer
Worksheets("Sheet1").Activate
numRows = Selection.Rows.Count
numcolumns = Selection.Columns.Count
Selection.Resize(numRows + 1, numcolumns + 1).Select
End Sub
示例说明：本示例调整所选区域的大小，使之增加一行一列。
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[示例05-08] 选取多个区域(Union方法)
Sub testUnion()
Dim rng1 As Range, rng2 As Range, myMultiAreaRange As Range
Worksheets("sheet1").Activate
Set rng1 = Range("A1:B2")
Set rng2 = Range("C3:D4")
Set myMultiAreaRange = Union(rng1, rng2)
myMultiAreaRange.Select
End Sub
示例说明：可用 Union(range1, range2, ...) 返回多块区域，即该区域由两个或多个连续的单元格区域所组成。如上例创建由单元格区域A1:B2和C3:D4组合定义的对象，然后选定该定义区域。
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[示例05-09] 激活已选区域中的单元格
Sub ActivateRange()
MsgBox "选取单元格区域B2:D6并将C4选中"
ActiveSheet.Range("B3:D6").Select
Range("C5").Activate
End Sub
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[示例05-10] 选取指定条件的单元格(SpecialCells方法)
Sub SelectSpecialCells()
MsgBox "选择当前工作表中所有公式单元格"
ActiveSheet.Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeFormulas).Select
End Sub
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[示例05-11] 选取矩形区域(CurrentRegion属性)
'选取包含当前单元格的矩形区域
'该区域周边为空白行和空白列
Sub SelectCurrentRegion()
MsgBox "选取包含当前单元格的矩形区域"
ActiveCell.CurrentRegion.Select
End Sub
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[示例05-12] 选取当前工作表中已用单元格(UsedRange属性)
'选取当前工作表中已使用的单元格区域
Sub SelectUsedRange()
MsgBox "选取当前工作表中已使用的单元格区域" _
& vbCrLf & "并显示其地址"
ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Select
MsgBox ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Address
End Sub
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[示例05-13] 选取最边缘单元格(End属性)
'选取最下方的单元格
Sub SelectEndCell()
MsgBox "选取当前单元格区域内最下方的单元格"
ActiveCell.End(xlDown).Select
End Sub
示例说明：可以改变参数xlDown以选取最左边、最右边、最上方的单元格。
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[示例05-14]设置当前单元格的前一个单元格和后一个单元格的值
Sub SetCellValue()
MsgBox "将当前单元格中前面的单元格值设为""我前面的单元格""" & vbCrLf _
& "后面的单元格值设为""我后面的单元格"""
ActiveCell.Previous.Value = "我前面的单元格"
ActiveCell.Next.Value = "我后面的单元格"
End Sub
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[示例05-15]确认所选单元格区域中是否有公式(HasFormula属性)
Sub IfHasFormula()
If Selection.HasFormula = True Then
MsgBox "所选单元格中都有公式"
Else
MsgBox "所选单元格中，部分单元格没有公式"
End If
End Sub
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[示例05-16] 公式单元格操作
[示例05-16-01]获取与运算结果单元格有直接关系的单元格
Sub CalRelationCell()
MsgBox "选取与当前单元格的计算结果相关的单元格"
ActiveCell.DirectPrecedents.Select
End Sub
[示例05-16-02]追踪公式单元格
Sub Cal1()
MsgBox "选取计算结果单元格相关的所有单元格"
ActiveCell.Precedents.Select
End Sub
Sub TrackCell()
MsgBox "追踪运算结果单元格"
ActiveCell.ShowPrecedents
End Sub
Sub DelTrack()
MsgBox "删除追踪线"
ActiveCell.ShowPrecedents Remove:=True
End Sub
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[示例05-17] 复制单元格(Copy方法)
Sub CopyRange()
MsgBox "在单元格B7中写入公式后,将B7的內容复制到C7:D7內"
Range("B7").Formula = "=Sum(B3:B6)"
Range("B7").Copy Destination:=Range("C7:D7")
End Sub
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[示例05-18]获取单元格行列值(Row属性和Column属性)
Sub RangePosition()
MsgBox "显示所选单元格区域的行列值"
MsgBox "第 " & Selection.Row & "行 " & Selection.Column & "列"
End Sub
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[示例05-19]获取单元格区域的单元格数及行列数(Rows属性、Columns属性和Count属性)
Sub GetRowColumnNum()
MsgBox "显示所选取单元格区域的单元格数、行数和列数"
MsgBox "单元格区域中的单元格数为:" & Selection.Count
MsgBox "单元格区域中的行数为:" & Selection.Rows.Count
MsgBox "单元格区域中的列数为:" & Selection.Columns.Count
End Sub
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[示例05-20]设置单元格中的文本格式
[示例05-20-01] 对齐文本
Sub HorizontalAlign()
MsgBox "将所选单元格区域中的文本左右对齐方式设为居中"
Selection.HorizontalAlignment = xlHAlignCenter
End Sub
Sub VerticalAlign()
MsgBox "将所选单元格区域中的文本上下对齐方式设为居中"
Selection.RowHeight = 36
Selection.VerticalAlignment = xlVAlignCenter
End Sub
[示例05-20-02] 缩排文本(InsertIndent方法)
Sub Indent()
MsgBox "将所选单元格区域中的文本缩排值加1"
Selection.InsertIndent 1
MsgBox "将缩排值恢复"
Selection.InsertIndent -1
End Sub
[示例05-20-03] 设置文本方向(Orientation属性)
Sub ChangeOrientation()
MsgBox "将所选单元格中的文本顺时针旋转45度"
Selection.Orientation = 45
MsgBox "将文本由横向改为纵向"
Selection.Orientation = xlVertical
MsgBox "将文本方向恢复原值"
Selection.Orientation = xlHorizontal
End Sub
[示例05-20-04]自动换行(WrapText属性)
Sub ChangeRow()
Dim i
MsgBox "将所选单元格设置为自动换行"
i = Selection.WrapText
Selection.WrapText = True
MsgBox "恢复原状"
Selection.WrapText = i
End Sub
[示例05-20-05]将比单元格列宽长的文本缩小到能容纳列宽大小(ShrinkToFit属性)
Sub AutoFit()
Dim i
MsgBox "将长于列宽的文本缩到与列宽相同"
i = Selection.ShrinkToFit
Selection.ShrinkToFit = True
MsgBox "恢复原状"
Selection.ShrinkToFit = i
End Sub
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[示例05-21]设置条件格式(FormatConditions属性)
Sub FormatConditions()
MsgBox "在所选单元格区域中将单元格值小于10的单元格中的文本变为红色"
Selection.FormatConditions.Add Type:=xlCellValue, _
Operator:=xlLessEqual, Formula1:="10"
Selection.FormatConditions(1).Font.ColorIndex = 3
MsgBox "恢复原状"
Selection.FormatConditions(1).Font.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End Sub
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[示例05-22]插入批注(AddComment方法)
Sub EnterComment()
MsgBox "在当前单元格中输入批注"
ActiveCell.AddComment ("Hello")
ActiveCell.Comment.Visible = True
End Sub
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[示例05-23]隐藏/显示单元格批注
Sub CellComment()
MsgBox "切换当前单元格批注的显示和隐藏状态"
ActiveCell.Comment.Visible = Not (ActiveCell.Comment.Visible)
End Sub
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[示例05-24]改变所选单元格的颜色
Sub ChangeColor()
Dim iro As Integer
MsgBox "将所选单元格的颜色改为红色"
iro = Selection.Interior.ColorIndex
Selection.Interior.ColorIndex = 3
MsgBox "将所选单元格的颜色改为蓝色"
Selection.Interior.Color = RGB(0, 0, 255)
MsgBox "恢复原状"
Selection.Interior.ColorIndex = iro
End Sub
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[示例05-25]改变单元格的图案
Sub ChangePattern()
Dim p, pc, i
MsgBox "依Pattern常数值的顺序改变所选单元格的图案"
p = Selection.Interior.Pattern
pc = Selection.Interior.PatternColorIndex
For i = 9 To 16
With Selection.Interior
.Pattern = i
.PatternColor = RGB(255, 0, 0)
End With
MsgBox "常数值 " & i
Next i
MsgBox "恢复原状"
Selection.Interior.Pattern = p
Selection.Interior.PatternColorIndex = pc
End Sub
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[示例05-26]合并单元格
Sub MergeCells()
MsgBox "合并单元格A2:C2,并将文本设为居中对齐"
Range("A2:C2").Select
With Selection
.MergeCells = True
.HorizontalAlignment = xlCenter
End With
End Sub
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[示例05-27]限制单元格移动的范围
Sub ScrollArea1()
MsgBox "将单元格的移动范围限制在单元格区域B2:D6中"
ActiveSheet.ScrollArea = "B2:D6"
End Sub
Sub ScrollArea2()
MsgBox "解除移动范围限制"
ActiveSheet.ScrollArea = ""
End Sub
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[示例05-28]获取单元格的位置(Address属性)
Sub GetAddress()
MsgBox "显示所选单元格区域的地址"
MsgBox "绝对地址:" & Selection.Address
MsgBox "行的绝对地址:" & Selection.Address(RowAbsolute:=False)
MsgBox "列的绝对地址:" & Selection.Address(ColumnAbsolute:=False)
MsgBox "以R1C1形式显示:" & Selection.Address(ReferenceStyle:=xlR1C1)
MsgBox "相对地址:" & Selection.Address(False, False)
End Sub
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[示例05-29]删除单元格区域(Delete方法)
Sub DeleteRange()
MsgBox "删除单元格区域C2:D6后,右侧的单元格向左移动"
ActiveSheet.Range("C2:D6").Delete (xlShiftToLeft)
End Sub