一对多关联映射(双向)

来源:百度文库 编辑:神马文学网 时间:2024/04/28 04:03:29
一对多双向,从实体类上讲究是在“多”的一端持有“一”的实例,并在配置文件中用标签将其配置上。这里有一点要特别注意,当两边都能够维护关系的时候,推荐让“多”的一端来做,做法上就是在“一”一端映射文件的标签中设置属性inverse="true"。另外,中为“多”一端表设置的外键要和中设置的外键要一样。1.实体模型: 2.关系模型: 3.实体类:  Student.javapublic class Student {
  private Integer id;
  private String name;
  private Classes classes;
  //一系列的 setter.getter方法
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "name of student: " + name;
  }
}   Classes.javapublic class Classes {
  private Integer id;
  private String name;
  private Set students;
  //一系列的setter.getter方法
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "name of class: " + name;
  }
4.映射文件:   Student.hbm.xml  <class name="com.sxt.hibernate.one2many.entity.Student" table="sxt_hibernate_student">
    <id name="id" length="4">
      <generator class="native">generator>
    id>
    <property name="name" length="10">property>
    
    <many-to-one name="classes" column="class_id" cascade="save-update">many-to-one>
  class>    Classes.hbm.xml  <class name="com.sxt.hibernate.one2many.entity.Classes" table="sxt_hibernate_class">
    <id name="id" length="4">
      <generator class="native">generator>
    id>
    <property name="name" length="10">property>
    
    
    <set name="students" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
      
      <key column="class_id">key>
      
      <one-to-many class="com.sxt.hibernate.one2many.entity.Student"/>
    set>
  class> 5.hibernate配置文件:   参见上一篇。 6.测试方法:  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
    Transaction t = session.beginTransaction();
    try {
      /**
        * 测试插入数据
        */

/*      Classes classes = new Classes();//情况1:从"多"的一端保存(这完全就是个多对一的情况)
      classes.setName("不一班");
        
      Student student1 = new Student();
      student1.setName("志朋");
      student1.setClasses(classes);
      //存储成功.sql语句如下:
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_class (name, id) values (?, ?)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_student (name, class_id, id) values (?, ?, ?)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_student (name, class_id, id) values (?, ?, ?)
      //为了不至于出现TransientObjectException,应先保存classes对象或者在
         //加上cascade="save-update,all"
      session.save(student1);

      Student student2 = new Student();
      student2.setName("有朋");
      student2.setClasses(classes);
      //由于此时classes已经是持久化对象了,所以此处不会再存储一遍classes了
      session.save(student2);
*/

/*      Student student1=new Student();//情况2:从"一"的一端保存
      student1.setName("志鹏");
        
      Student student2=new Student();
      student2.setName("有朋");
        
      Set students=new HashSet();
      students.add(student1);
      students.add(student2);
        
      Classes classes=new Classes();
      classes.setName("不一班");
      classes.setStudents(students);
      //也能正确保存.sql语句如下:
      //如果标签中没有inverse="true":(情况2.1)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_class (name, id) values (?, ?)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_student (name, class_id, id) values (?, ?, ?)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_student (name, class_id, id) values (?, ?, ?)
      //Hibernate: update sxt_hibernate_student set class_id=? where id=?
      //Hibernate: update sxt_hibernate_student set class_id=? where id=?
      //存储过程是这样的:存classes时,由于有cascade="save-update",它会先触发存储student,
      //由于默认inverse=false,student不负责维护关系,所以此时它的class_id为空;然后回来存储classes,而此时
      //classes不得不来维护关系(发出update语句修改student的外键).
        
      //如果标签中有inverse="true":(情况2.2)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_class (name, id) values (?, ?)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_student (name, class_id, id) values (?, ?, ?)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_student (name, class_id, id) values (?, ?, ?)
      //但是插入的student记录class_id字段为空,因为"一"一端不再负责维护关系了.
      //存储过程是这样的:存classes时,由于有cascade="save-update",它会先触发存储student;    
      // 而在存储student时,虽然inverse="true"指明了由它来维护关联关系,所以他要先存主表class,
      // 再回来存副表student,但是student发现它的classes为null,就把class_id字段设为了空.
        
        
      session.save(classes);
*/
        
/*      Classes classes=new Classes();//情况3
      classes.setName("不一班");
        
      Student student1=new Student();
      student1.setName("志鹏");
      student1.setClasses(classes);
        
      Student student2=new Student();
      student2.setName("有朋");
      student2.setClasses(classes);
        
      Set students=new HashSet();
      students.add(student1);
      students.add(student2);
        
      classes.setStudents(students);
      //同样能正确保存.sql语句如下:
      //如果标签中有inverse="true",cascade="save-update":
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_class (name, id) values (?, ?)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_student (name, class_id, id) values (?, ?, ?)
      //Hibernate: insert into sxt_hibernate_student (name, class_id, id) values (?, ?, ?)
      //这种情况student的class_id也有了,因为在插入student时,由student来维护了关系,而它引用的class已经是持久化的了.
        
      //存储过程是这样的:存classes时,由于有cascade="save-update",它会先触发存储student;    
      // 而在存储student时,inverse="true"指明了由它来维护关联关系,所以他要先存主表class,再回来存副表student
      session.save(classes);*/

      /**
        * 小结:情况1是我们提倡的;
        *         情况2.1虽然也能实现正确插入,但是效率低;
        *         情况2.2显然是错误的;
        *         情况3虽然也能实现,并且效率也不低,但是编程上比较麻烦.
        */

        
      /**
        * 测试加载数据
        */

      Student student=(Student)session.get(Student.class, 3);
      System.out.println(student);
      System.out.println(student.getClasses());
      t.commit();
    } catch (HibernateException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      t.rollback();
    } finally {
      HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
    }
  }
}