特殊需要缩略语

This is a list of some of the abbreviations that you may frequently see in use. This list has been compiled from multiple sources. If you have one not listed, please contact the webmaster. Kd

ABA = Applied Behavior Analysis (therapy method)
AD = Alzheimer's Disease
AD = Attachment Disorder
AD/HD = The DSM-IV eliminated the diagnosis of ADD and replaced it with AD/HD (for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder). The specifiers for subtypes for this disorder are Predominantly Inattentive, Predominantly Hyperactive or Combined
ADA = The Americans with Disabilities Act
ADD = Attention Deficit Disorder. Now replaced by AD/HD
ADD-RT = ADD that lasts into Adulthood is referred to as ADD-RT (Residual Type)
ADHD = Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADL's = Activities of Daily Living
ADSA = The Australian Down Syndrome Association Inc.
AEA = Area Education Agency, provides support services to
AIDS = Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
AIT = Auditory Integrated Training
AIT = Advanced Individual Training or Auditory Integration Therapy
ALE = Alternative Learning Experience
ALS = Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
AOL = America On Line
APA = American Psychiatric Association
APD = Auditory Processing Disorder
Applied Behavioral Analysis
AS = Anklyosing Spondylitis
AS = Asperger's Syndrome (part of the autism spectrum)
AS = Asperger's Syndrome/Autism Spectrum
ASA = Autism Society of America
ASD = Autism Spectrum Disorder
ASL = American Sign Language
ASPIE = A person with Asperger's Syndrome (meant in a friendly way)
ATA = Alliance for Technology Access
AUTIE = A person with Autism (meant in a friendly way)
BAMH = The Burnaby Association for the Mentally Handicapped
BASC = Basic Assessment System for Children
BD = Behavioral Disorder
BEH = Behaviorally/Emotionally Handicapped
BH = Behaviorally Handicapped
BIC = Behavior Improvement Class
BIL = Brother-In-Law
BIP = Behavior Improvement Plan
BMP = Behavior Management Plan
BP = Bi-Polar (formerly called 'manic depressive')
BTW = By The Way
CACL = Canadian Association for Community Living
CADRE = Coalition Advocating for Disability Reform In Education
CAN = An organization called "Cure Autism Now"
CANDLE = Childhood Aphasia, Neurological Disorders, Landau-Klefner, and Epilepsy
CAPD = Central Auditory Processing Disorder
CARS = Childhood Autism Rating Scale (diagnostic and evaluation tool)
CAT Scan = Computer Axial Tomography - a scan using an xray machine linked to a computer that produces a scan in cross sections catalog of medical diagnoses)
CCBD = Council for Children with Behaviour Disorders
CCD = Considerable Conduct Disorder
CCD = Consortium for Citizens with Disabilities
CCHS = Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome
CD = Conduct Disorder
CDC = Center For Disease Control and Prevention (a government agency)
CDGS = Carbohydrate Deficient Glycoprotein Syndrome
CF = Cystic Fibrosis
CF = Casein Free (milk protein)
CFF = Cystic Fibrosis Foundation
CFIDS = Chronic Fatigue Immune Dysfunction Syndrome
CFS = Chronic fatigue syndrome
CHADD = CHildren & Adults with Attention Deficit Disorder
CHDD = Center on Human Development and Disability
CNS = Central Nervous System
CP = Cerebral Palsy
CPS = Child Protective Services
CRC = Clinical Research Center
CSE = Committee for Special Education (called MDT in some states)
CVPD = Central Vision Processing Disorder
DAS = Developmental Apraxia of Speech
DCD = Development Coordination Disorder (DSM IV 315.4)
DD = Darling or Dear Daughter (in email)
DD = Developmentally Delayed
DD Council = Developmental Disabilities Council (Each state has one)
DD = Development Disorder/Developmental Disabilities
DS = Darling or Dear Son (email)
DEF = Deaf
DH = Darling or Dear Husband (in email)
DH = Developmentally Handicapped (used in some areas instead of DD)
DHH = Deaf and Hard of Hearing
DHS = Department of Human Services
DMG = Dimethyl Glycine (a supplement)
DSM = Disablity Statistical Manual (enormous industry-standard
DSM-IV = Diagnostic Statistical Manual (edition IV) the current
DSMR = Diagnostic Statistical Manual (Revised)
DSPS = Disabled Students' Programs and Services
DVD = Developmental Verbal Dyspraxia
DX = Diagnosis
EASe = Electronic Auditory Stimulation effect
EASI = Equal Access To Software And Information
EBD = Emotional Behavior Disorder
ECG = ElectroCardioGram - records electrical activity in the heart
ECS = Early Childhood Services
ECSE = Early Childhood Special Education
ECT = ElectroConvulsive Therapy (electroshock)
ED = Emotionally Disturbed
EDS = Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
EEG = ElectroEncephaloGram - records electrical brain-wave activity in the brain
EI = Early Intervention
EMH = Educable Mentally Handicapped
ENS = Epidermal Nevus Syndrome.
ESD = Educational Service District
ESRD = End Stage Renal Disease
ESE = Exceptional Student Education
ESY = Extended School Year
EYSD = Extended Year Special Ed
F2F = Face to Face
FAPE = Free Appropriate Public Education
FAS = Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
FC = Facilitated Communication
FDA = Food and Drug Administration
FERPA = Federal Educational Rights and Privacy Act
FG = Feingold Program (diet)
FIL = Father-In-Law
FMS = Fibromyalgia Syndrome
FNS = Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation (also see TES & TENS)
FRAXA = Fragile X Syndrome
FSP = Family Support Plan
FVS = Fetal Valproate Syndrome
FWIW = For what it's worth
GF = Gluten Free (protein in small grains)
GFCF = Gluten Free / Casein Free diet
GI = Gastro Intestinal
GT/LD = Gifted & Learning Disabled
HDSA = Huntington's Disease Society of America
HFA = High Functioning Autism (autism without mental retardation, e.g. w/IQ of 70 or higher)
HFS = Health Food Store
HI = Hearing Impaired (all of us in general)
HIV = Human ImmunoDeficiency Virus
HOH or HH = Hard Of Hearing
HTH = Hope This Helps
HSLDA = Home School Legal Defense Organization
IBD = Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
IBS = Irritable Bowel Syndrome
IDEA = Individuals With Disabilities Education Act
IED = Intermittent Explosive Disorder
IEP = Individual Education Plan
IME = Independent Medical Examination
IMHO = In My Humble Opinion
IMMV = Individual Mileage May Vary (your experiences might be different)
IMO = In My Opinion
IMHO = In My Honest or Humble Opinion
IMVHO = In My Very Honest/Humble Opinion
InLv = Independent Living (support group)
IOW = In Other Words
IQ = Intelligence Quotient
LD = Learning Disabilities/Differences
LDA = Learning Disabilities Association
LF = Lactose Free (milk sugar)
LFA = Low Functioning Autism
LI = Lactose Intolerant
LICC = Local Interagency Coordinating Council
LINC = Learning Independence Through Computers, Inc.
LKS = Landau-Kleffler Syndrome - a form of aphasia with seizure-like activity
LLD = Language-based Learning Disability
LOL = Laugh (or Laughing) Out Loud
LOLROF = Laughing Out Loud, Rolling on Floor
m or (m) = more text or information included
MAO = monoamine oxidase inhibitors - a type of antidepressant
MBD = Minimal brain dysfunction (another name AD(H)D has been known by)
MBD = Minimum Brain Dysfunction
MBTI = Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
MCS = Multiple Chemical Sensitivities
MD = Muscular dystrophy
M-D = Manic Depression (Bipolar depression)
MDO = Major Depressive Disorder
MDT = Multidisciplinary Team (teacher, SLP, OT, psych and
mental retardation, e.g. w/IQ lower than 70)
MIDD or MC = middle child (late deafened or hard of hearing AFTER spending life as hearing)
MIL = Mother-in-Law
MR = Mental Retardation, Mentally Retarded (IQ less than 70)
MRI = Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MS = Multiple Sclerosis
MSDD = Multi-Sensory Developmental Delays
MUMS = Mothers United for Moral Support - support group
NAAR = National Alliance for Autism Research
NADDC = National Association of Developmental Disabilities Councils
NDA = Not Diagnosed with Anything
NEA = National Education Association
NEC*TAS = National Early Childhood Technical Assistance Systems
NLD = Nonverbal Learning Disability
NOD = Not Otherwise Defined, Often appears alot with DX by psychologists
NOS = Not of Specific Origin/Not Otherwise Specified (usually
NRSI = National Reading Styles Institute
NT = Neurologically Typical (no diagnosable neurological disorder)
NT = no text in the message; everything is in the subject title
NTID = National Technical Institute for the Deaf
NTMK = Not to My Knowledge
NVLD = Non-verbal learning disability
OCD = Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
OCR = Office for Civil Rights
ODD = Oppositional Defiant Disorder
ODS = Orton Dyslexia Society
OEA = Overseas Education Association
OHI = Other Health Impaired
OIC = Oh, I see
OMA = Ocular Motor Apraxia
OT = Occupational Therapist or Occupational Therapy
OT = Off Topic
OTOH = On The Other Hand
P&A = Protection & Advocacy
PCA = Personal Care Attendant
PDCA = Physical Disability Council Australia ( Peak National Body)
PDD = Pervasive Developmental Disorder
PDD/NOS = Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified
PDR = Physician's Desk Reference
PECS = Picture Exchange Communication System
PET Scan = Postronic Emission Tomography (a nuclear scan that measures
blood flow in brain, heart etc.)
PHP = Parents Helping Parents
PLAN = Planned Lifetime Advocacy Network
PM&R = Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
POHI = Physically or Otherwise Health Impaired
POV = Point of View
PPA = (PhenylPropanolAmine: A D-amphetamine analogue)
PPS = Post-Polio Syndrome
PT = Physical Therapist or Physical Therapy
PTI = Parent Training and Information Centers (Each State has at least one)
PTSD = Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
RA = Rheumatoid Arthritis
RAD = Reactive Attachment Disorder
RDI = Relationship Development Intervention
RL = Real Life
ROFL = Rolling On Floor Laughing
ROTFLOL = Rolling On The Floor, Laughing Out Loud
SAH Mom = Stay at home Mom
SCD = Specific Carbohydrate DietGluten Free / Casein Free diet
SERT = Special Education Resource Teacher
SI = Sensory Integration
SIB = Self-Injurious Behavior
SICC = State Interagency Coordinating Council
SID = Sensory Integrative (or Integration) Disorder/Dysfunction
SIDS = Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
SIS = Shaken Infant Syndrome - also referred to as SBS
SLK = Severely Labeled Kid
SLP = Speech Language Pathologist
SLP = Speech and Language Pathologist
SLT = Speech Language Therapist
SPED = Special Education - also used in referring to a Special Ed Teacher
SSI = Social Security Income
SSRI = Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor - antidepressant medication
includes Prozac, Paxil, Luvox, Zoloft
TA = Technical Assistance
TAN = Tangentially
TASK = Team of Advocates for Special Kids
TBI = Traumatic Brain Injury
TCS = Tethered Cord Syndrome
TEACCH = Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children
TEF = Tracheo Esophageal Fistula
TENS = Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
TES = Therapeutic Electrical Stimulation
TMH = Trainable Mentally Handicapped
TMJ/TMD = Temporomandubular Joint Dysfunction
TNI = Targeted Nutritional Intervention
TRIP = Translating Research into Practice - a teaching/learning strategy
TS = Tourette Syndrome
TTFN = Ta-Ta For Now!
TTYL = Talk to you later
TTYS = Talk to you soon
UK = United Kingdom
VQ = Verbal IQ
VR = Vocational Rehabilitation
WTG = Way to go!
YO = Years Old
:) = smile
;) = wink
:( = frown
:o = oh, my!

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AANE Asperger's Association of New England
ABC Autism Behavior Checklist
ABI Adaptive Behavior Inventory
AC Autistic Cousin (see "COUSIN")
AC Autistics and Cousins
ACCESS Autistic Continuum Connections, Education, and Support Site
ADD Attention Deficit Disorder
ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADVISE [definition needed]
AFAIK "As Far As I Know"
AFGO "Another Fine Growth Opportunity" (sarcastic: means a difficult problem to solve)
AIT Advanced Individual Training
AIT Auditory Integration Therapy
ALE Alternative Learning Experience
ALJ Administrative Law Judge
ANI Autism Network International
ANI-L The listserv (mailing list) for Autism Network International
APD Auditory Processing Disorder
APE Adaptive Physical Education
ARD Admission, Review, Dismissal (used in Texas)
AS Asperger's Syndrome (DSM IV 299.80)
AS Autistic Spectrum
ASA Autism Society of America
ASD Autistic Spectrum Disorder
ASI Autism Society of Illinois
ASPEN ASPEN of America - Asperger Syndrome Education Network, Inc., National advocacy/support organization
ASPEN ASPEN of New Jersey (not affiliatied with ASPEN of America)
ASPEN Asperger Syndrome Parent Education Network
ASPIE A person with Asperger's Syndrome (informal, don't use unless sure it won't offend)
ATI [definition needed]
BBRS Burks' Behavior Rating Scale
BD/ED Behavior Disordered / Emotionally Disturbed
BIC Behavior Improvement Class
BIP Behavior Improvement Plan
BMP Behavior Management Plan
BOCES Board Of Cooperative Educational Services
BP Bi-Polar (formerly called "manic-depressive")
BTW "By The Way"
CAPD Central Auditory Processing Disorder
CARD Center for Autism and Related Disorders (used in Maryland)
CARD Committee for Admission, Review, Dismissal (used in Texas)
CARD Committee for Autism and Related Disabilities (used in Florida)
CARS Childhoold Autism Rating Scale (diagnostic and evaluation tool)
CD Conduct Disorder
CNS Central Nervous System
CO Conference
COSAC Center for Outreach and Services for the Autistic Community (New Jersey)
COTA Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant
COUSIN Someone who has some autistic-spectrum characteristics to the extent that he/she can identify with autistic folks even if not formally diagnosed
CP Cerebral Palsy
CPS Canadian Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialities
CPS Child Protective Services
CSE Committee for Special Education (called "MDT" in some states)
CST Child Study Team
CV Curriculum Vitae (a resume)
CVPD Central Vision Processing Disorder
CYA California Youth Authority
DAN Defeat Autism Now! (organizational site at http://www.autism.com/ari/dan.html)
DAS Differential Abilities Scales
DCD Development Coordination Disorder (DSM IV 315.4)
DD Development Disorder
DD Developmental Disabilities
DH Developmentally Handicapped
DHS Department of Human Services
DMG Dimethyl Glycine
DPT A triple inoculation given to kids: Diptheria, Pertussis (whooping cough), Tetanus
DR Disability Rights
DREDF Disability Rights Education Defense Fund
DSM Diagnostic Statistical Manual - enormous industry-standard catalogue of medical diagnoses
DSM-IV Diagnostic Statistical Manual (edition IV) - the current version of this publication
DSMR Diagnostic Statistical Manual (Revised) - preceded DSM-IV
DTVMI Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration
DX Diagnosis
EBD Emotional Behavioral Disorder
ECSE Early Childhood Special Education
ECT ElectroConvulsive Therapy (electroshock)
ED Emotionally Disturbed
EEG ElectroEncephaloGram (basically, a graph of brain-wave activity)
EFD Executive Functioning Disorder
EI Early Intervention
EIBI Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention
EKG ElectroCardioGram (basically, a graph of the heart's electrical activity)
EPD Enzyme Potentiated Desensitization (say this one right the first try & win a prize!)
EPSDT Early Periodic Screening Diagnosis and Treatment
ESD Educational Service District
ESE Exceptional Student Education
ESL English as a Second Language
ESY Extended School Year
EYSD Extended Year Special Ed
F2F "Face to Face"
FADD Feline Attention Deficit Disorder -- High-dysfunctioning autistic cat can't get enough attention
FAPE Free Appropriate Public Education
FAQ Frequently Asked Questions (an info sheet in Q&A format)
FAS Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
FDA Food and Drug Administration
FERPA Federal Educational Rights and Privacy Act
FNS Fuzzy Neuron Syndrome (associated with FADD)
FOIA Freedom Of Information Act
FWIW "For What It's Worth"
GAF Global Assessment of Functioning scale
GT Get Together
HFA High Functioning Autism (defined as autism occurring without mental retardation, e.g. w/ IQ 70 or higher)
HH Hard of Hearing
HH HouseHold
HHM [definition needed]
HMO Health Medical Organization
HSLDA Home School Legal Defense Organization
IBS Irritable Bowel Syndrome
ICDM A book (used by health insurors for billing purposes) which classifies diseases by numbers
IDEA Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IEP Individual Education Plan
IFLACA "I Feel Like A Complete Ass" (used as an apology)
IIRC "If I Recall Correctly"
IME Independent Medical Examination
IMHO "In My Humble Opinion"
IMMV "Individual Mileage May Vary" (meaning "your experiences might be different")
IMNSHO "In My Not So Humble Opinion"
IMO "In My Opinion"
IMVHO "In My Very Humble Opinion"
InLv Independent Living (support group)
IOW "In Other Words"
IQ Intelligence Quotient
IRB Institutional Review Board
IRCA Indiana Resource Center for Autism
ISP Internet Service Provider
IU Intermediate Unit (used in PA)
JA Just Average (phrase is widely disliked and may offend)
LD Learning Disability
LEA Local Education Agency
LEA Local Education Authority
LEAP [definition needed]
LFA Low-Functioning Autism (defined as autism occurring with mental retardation, e.g. w/ IQ lower than 70)
LLD Language-based Learning Disability
LMK "Let Me Know"
LOL "Laugh Out Loud"
LOL "Laughing Out Loud"
LOL "Lots Of Love" (used as a closing phrase in correspondence)
LOLROF "Laughing Out Loud, Roll On Floor"
LRE Least Restrictive Environment (phrase used in IDEA)
M-D Manic Depression (now called bipolar depression)
MAAP More Able Autistic Persons (support group)
MBD Minimum Brain Dysfunction
MDLC Maryland Disability Law Center
MDO Major Depressive Disorder
MDT Multi-Disciplinary Team (called "CSE" in some states)
MFC Marriage and Family Counselor
MFCC Marriage, Family, and Child Counsellor
MFE Multi-Factored Evaluation
MIL Mother-In-Law
MMR Measles, Mumps, and Rubella vaccination
MPD Multiple Personality Disorder
MR Mental Retardation, Mentally Retarded (IQ less than 70)
MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging
NAAR National Alliance for Autism Research
NACD National Academy of Child Development
NBAC National Bioethics Advisory Commission
NBD Nazi Band Director
NDA Not Diagnosed with Anything (informal usage)
NICHCY National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities
NIH National Institute for Health
NOD Moving your head up and down in agreement with what you are reading (blame this on on Judy!)
NOD Not Otherwise Diagnosed
NORD National Organization for Rare Disorders
NOS Not of Specific Origin
NOS Not Otherwise Specified, usually seen as PDD-NOS
NP "No Problem"
NPD Normal Person Disorder (used jokingly)
NPND National Parent Network on Disabilities
NS Noonan's Syndrome
NT Neurologically Typical (no diagnosible neurological disorder)
NT Neurotypical (no diagnosible neurological disorder)
NVLD Non-Verbal Learning Disability
NYD Not Yet Diagnosed (informal usage)
NYS New York State
OAAC Office of Advocacy for Autistic Children
OASIS On-line Asperger's Syndrome Information and Support (organizational site at http://www.udel.edu/bkirby/asperger)
OB Obligatory
OB Specific to
OCB Obsessive-Compulsive Behavior
OCD Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
OCR Office of Civil Rights
ODD Oppositional-Defiant Disorder
ODE Oregon Department of Education
OHI Other Health Impaired
OIC "Oh, I See"
OPM Other People's Money
OPM Over-Protective Mom
ORS Office of Rehabilitation Services
OSEP Office of Special Education Programs (located Washington, DC)
OSERS Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services
OT Occupational Therapist
OT Occupational Therapy
OTOH "On The Other Hand"
OVR Office of Vocational Rehabilitation
P&A Protection & Advocacy
PA Parents' Auxiliary
PANDAS Pediatric Autoimmune Neurological Disorder Associated with Strep
PAVE Parents Are Vital in Education
PDD Pervasive Developmental Disorder
PDR Physician's Desk Reference
PET Positron Emission Tomography
PITA "Pain In The Ass"
PK Psychokinesis (moving things with the mind, a form of ESP)
PKU Phenylketonuria
POHI Physically or Otherwise Health Impaired
POV Point Of View
PPL People
PPO Preferred Physician Organization
PPO Preferred Provider Option
PPS Poor Parenting Syndrome
PPS Pupil Personnel Services
PQ Performance IQ
PRT Pivotal Response Training
PT Physical Therapist
PT Physical Therapy
PTIC Parent Training and Information Center
PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
PwD People with Disabilities
Q&A Question-and-Answer, generally referring to a document format
RL Real Life
ROFL "Rolling On Floor Laughing"
ROFLMAO "ROFL My Arse Off"
ROFLSHCT "Rolling On the Floor Laughing So Hard Can't Type"
RPITB "Royal Pain In The Butt"
S&LP Speech and Language Pathologist
SAD Seasonal Affective Disorder (aka "Wintertime Depression")
SAH Mom Stay-At-Home Mom
SBH (?) Severe Behavior Handicap
SD School District
SED Severe Emotional Disorder
SED Severely Emotionally Disturbed
SELPA Special Education Local Plan Area (used in CA)
SERRC Special Educational Regional Recourse Center
SI Sensory Integration
SIAT Society for Integrative Auditory Training
SIB Self-Injurious Behavior
SIPT Sensory Integration and Praxis Text
SLK Severely Labeled Kid
SLP Speech and Language Pathologist
SM Selective Mutism
SNT Special Needs Trust
SSD Social Security Disability
SSI Supplemental Security Income
SSRI Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (class of meds, incl. Prozac, Zoloft, Praxil, Luvox)
SST Student Study Team (used in CA)
STRANS Survey of Teenage Readiness And Neurodevelopmental Status
SULP Social Use of Langauge Programme
SVSU Southern Vermont Supervisory Union
TAN Tangentially
TEACCH Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Disorders
TIC "Tongue In Cheek"
TKD Tae Kwon Do (a martial arts discipline)
TLA Three-Letter Acronym
TLS Transitional Living Services - sort of a halfway-house organization
TLS Turbocharged Lycoming Saber (if you're an aviation buff)
TOM Theory of Mind
TOPL Test of Pragmatic Language
TS Tourette's Syndrome
TSS Therapeutic Support Staff
TTFN "Ta-Ta For Now!"
TTYL "Talk To You Later"
TTYS "Talk To You Soon"
UK United Kingdom ("England," to Americans)
USPDI United States Prescription Drug Information
VAERs Vaccine Adverse Experience Reports (published by FDA)
VCF syndrome Vera-Cardio-Facial syndrome
VP Virtual Party
VPIC Vermont Parent Information Center
VQ Verbal IQ
VR Vocational Rehabilitation
WAIS Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (an IQ test)
WDW Walt Disney World (Orlando, FL)
WIIA Work Incentives Initiative Act
WISC Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (an IQ test)
WNA Word Nitpickers Anonymous
WTG "Way To Go!"
Y2K Year 2000 (If the people who made up this panic knew what they were talking about they'd also understand that "Y2K" is actually 2048 AD.)
Y2K Bug Potential computational problem caused by some software using 2-digit numbers for year. Enormously overhyped.
YMMV "Your Mileage May Vary" (meaning, individual experiences could be different)
YO Year Old