新概念英语第二册课堂笔记——lesson 14

§Lesson 6
              Percy Buttons
               珀西.巴顿斯

 【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】

★beggar  n. 乞丐
beg v.乞求
I beg your pardon?
ask for :请求得到
beg for :乞求得到

★food  n. 食物　不可数
a lot of food

★pocket  n. 衣服口袋
inner pocket:内口袋
jacket pocket
coat pocket
pocket book:袖珍书
pocket dictionary:袖珍词典
pocket money：（小孩）零花钱
change:零钱
get exact change：准备好正确的零花钱
beer money:（男孩）零花钱
pocket pick:车上的小偷

★call  v. 拜访，光顾
visit
call sb:给某人打电话
call up sb:给某人打电话
call back:回某人电话
Can you take a message for me?
Can you tell him to call back?

call on sb　拜访某人
call at,at一般和地点相连
call at+地点＝visit someplace　拜访某地
I will call on you.
I will call at your home.
call out =shout,大声喊
call in sb:招集和邀请某人
For the project,the government called in a lot of experts.

   First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    Who is Percy Buttons?

    I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass

of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the

beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him.

His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

参考译文

    我刚刚搬进了大桥街的一所房子。昨天一个乞丐来敲我的门，问我要一顿饭和一杯啤酒。作为回报，那乞丐头顶地倒立起来，嘴里还唱着

歌。我给了他一顿饭。他把食物吃完，又喝了酒。然后把一块乳酪装进衣袋里走了。后来，一位邻居告诉了我他的情况。大家都认识他，他叫

珀西.巴顿斯。他每月对这条街上的每户人家光顾一次，总是请求给他一顿饭和一杯啤酒。

【课文讲解】

move to :搬到
knock at:敲
knock at the door
knock at the window
beer;bear
ask sb for sth:问某人要什么东西；request for
for;为了这个目的去请求某人，sb更多的时候不出现，ask for sth
The boy asked for money again/once more.
in return for this：作为对什么的回报
in return:作为回报
He doesn't want anything in return.
hospitality:热情
I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality.
this 在代词当中常常指代上文的一件事情
stood on his head：倒立
stand on one's hands:用手着地
跪着，膝盖：knees,stand on one's knees
躺着，躺：lie,lie in bed,lie on one's back:仰面躺着
lie on one's side:侧躺
趴着：lie on one's stomach
give him a meal
go away
later：后来
tell sb about sth,about:关于，通过其他事自己得出结论，tell you about him
tell sb sth:告诉某人某件事(把事情直接告诉)，tell you the news
tell you the word
tell you about the word
everybody作为主语一定作单数看待，属于不定代词
所有的不定代词作为主语一律为单数看待
calls at every house
in the street英国写／on the street美国写
once a month:一个月一次，单位表达方式
a.表示每月一次，计量单位
five kilometers an hour
ask for,是ask sb for sth的省略
Percy Buttons?a beggar
He calls at eery house in the street once a month and asks for a meal
and a glass of bear

【Key structures】关键句型

a,the和some
a:单数，可数名词
the:可加单数/复数，还可加不可数名词，加在什么名词前面都对
some:只能加在不可数名词的前面或可数名词复数的前面
a和the的区别
a是泛指，a man;特指，the man
在文章当中第一次出现名词的时候往往用a和an修饰，第二次出现的时候用the
在表示一种笼统感念的陈述句中可以省略a和some
Yesterday I bought a book,Books are not very expensive.
笼统感念：某某一类／一种东西
I have just drunk a glass of milk ,Milk is  very refreshing.
I ate an apple./Apples are delicious.
I like oranges.Would you like some oranges?
Mrs.Jones bought a bag of flour,a bag of sugar,and some tea.
She always buys flour,sugar and tea at the grocer's

a和the
A man is walking towards me.The man is carrying a parcel.The parcel
is full of meat.
Names
We cannot put a or the in front of names
表示某某一类人当中，具有这种特征当中的一个，a Mr.zhang

【Special Difficulties】难点

某些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义，这种新的组合称作短语动词
put:放，put on
take:拿走，take off
look:看，look at:看，look for:寻找，look afrer:照顾，look out:当心
call,call at,call on,call in ,call back,call for
knock，knock at:敲，knock off,knock over,knock out
knock off:下班，He knocked off earlier.
knock sth off+地点，knock the vase off the table
knock off:打折，knock 10% off the price.
knock over,A car knocked the boy over.
如果有地点，off; 无地点，over,I knocked the boy off the bicycle.

Exercises
1...out...
knock out :打陨，boxer:拳击手
在拳击场合中，把人打倒在地叫knock out
2...over...
无地点
3...off...
4...at...
1...
knock out
2...
knock off
3...
knock 10% off the price of all the goods

【Multiple choice question】

5...D...
say说/tell告诉
He says + 句子；He says+that+句子；say to sb.
tell sb.+句子：tell sb.+that+句子
He said to me/he told me
Percy Buttons 作为从句的主语
一个简单句只有一个主语一个动词
He told me Percy Bottons was a Beggar.
6..
they all/all they
all of us/all of them
我们所有人　all of us,we all
each/every 每一个
each:强调个体；every 强调整体
every adj.+n. 每一个（书，本，人等）
each adj.&pron.:each adj.+n; each pron.直接作主语或者宾语
every person likes...
each person likes.../each likes...
every 不能做主语；each 强调个体，使用第三人称单数
7...
once a month:每月一次，属于频率
对频率提问：how often
提问多久：how long
提问次数：how many times

How many times do you visit your mother each month?
How long do you visit your mother?对时间提问
How often do you visit your mother?对时间和次数提问
How soon 多久以后
How soon will you finish your homework?

Vocabulary
8...
out of work 失业
I am out of work,/I lose my job.

10...A...
piece of:a piece of cheese 一块奶酪
bit：
bar:a bar of chocolate---一块巧克力
bar 门闩：长条状：a bar of chocolate;　a bar of soap
block 块，一大块: block v.堵塞；block n.房子
packet:一包
a piece of.../a bit of...

12...A...
same age and size 同年代同样式
street 两边有房子的街道
way, on the way,in the way 挡住某人的路（强调方向）
road 路的通称：road home 通往家的路
route 路线

〖语法精粹〗

1.How can you___b____if you are not ____?
A.listening/hearing
B.hear/listening
C.be listening/hear
D.be hearing/listening to
listen听／hear听见
如果你不听，怎么可能听见呢？
be　不能加动词原形；be+ -ed/-ing
can+动词原形

2.The girl even won't have her lunch before she____her homework.
A.will finish
B.is finishing
C.had finished
D.finishes
won't=will not
状语从句中，用一般现在时取代将来时．

3.Those who have applied for the post__A__in the office.(此题超前）
A.are being interviewed
B.are interviewing
C.interviewing
D.to be interviewing
apply for 申请
who 在名词后面，引导定语从句
interview 面试
从句（have applied for)现在完成时，主句缺少谓语动词
A.are being interviewed　被动
B.are interviewing　　　 主动

4.The old scientist _____to do more for the country.
A.is wishing
B.has been wishing.
C.wishes
D.has been wished  合理不合情
scientist 科学家；wish 希望
表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时态．
wish sb.to do

5.If he______,don't wake him up.
A.still sleeps
B.is still sleeping
C.still had been sleeping
D.will be sleeping still
if——一般用一般现在式
如果他在睡觉的话，不要吵醒他
1.关键词
2.上下文
3.潜在含义
now　现在进行时
often,always
just,already 现在完成时
last week,last summer...一般过去时