创建混搭风格的拼贴海报（翻译教程）

转载请注明出处及作者！！！本文由 站酷网 - TCWison 翻译，转载请保留此信息，多谢合作。

应用软件：Adobe Photoshop CS5
素材文件：
http://psdtutsplus.s3.amazonaws.com/downloads/Premium_87_Mixed_Collage.zip

转载请注明出处及作者！！！



As you know, Psdtuts runs a premium program for just $9 a month, or about 30 cents per day. Our premium program gives you access to hundreds of source files and bonus tutorials across our entire network of sites, which includes Psdtuts, Vectortuts, Activetuts, Nettuts, Phototuts, Aetuts, and more! We often receive requests from our readers asking exactly what a premium tutorial looks like.

这段是广告，大意是psdtutsplus除了免费教程外还有大量NB的收费教程，今天免费放出个收费的给大家伙儿尝尝鲜，你要是觉得好，有钱的就捧个钱场。

Today, we are giving everyone access to a premium tutorial written by senior author, Mark Mayers that demonstrates the process of exploring new styles of illustration by re-mixing existing elements with new ones. This method of working is a great way to quickly develop your own style and inject some individuality into your artwork. It’s also a fun way to learn and refine new techniques. So what are you waiting for? Let’s get started! And if you like what you see, sign up for our premium program today!

本教程演示了将现有的元素进行混搭并创作出新风格的一种方法，掌握这种方法能快速的提高你的创作能力，扩展创作风格。那还等什么？下面正式开始！！！

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Resources
资源
You’ll find a stack of goodies in the "source" folder. You’ll also need the following stock photography to complete this tutorial.

你会在工程文件的“source”文件夹里找到大量的素材。你也需要用到下面的照片来完成这个教程。

Colored Grunge Textures 
The medium version of Model One 
The medium version of Model Two 
Bird by Doc 
Mountains 
Asteroid 
Astronaut
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Preparation
准备
Before you start it’s best to establish which style you want to develop. I don’t really stick to a specific one because over the years I’ve developed a diverse range of styles. For this tutorial I wanted to explore the possibilities of combining hand-drawn elements and model photography with a touch of retro kitsch thrown in for good measure.

在开始之前你最好先明确你想要创作的风格。我并不局限于某一种特定的风格，因为多年以来我的创作一直是多样化的。在这个教程里，我想尝试手绘元素与那些烂大街的复古风格模特相片相结合的可能性。

The next step was to gather together existing elements that I could recycle with new images. If you’ve worked through myPremium tutorials, some of these elements will be familiar. Next, I got to work with pen and paper and created a page of doodles, which was then scanned at 300 dpi. Feel free to use a tablet for this part, but personally I prefer working away from the computer in the traditional way.

下一步是整合我现有的可以重复利用的元素。如果你看过我的收费教程（赤裸裸的广告...），你可能会觉得有些东西似曾相识。下面，我要用笔和纸进行一些涂鸦，然后将它们扫进电脑。当然你可以用数位板来完成这一步，但我个人喜欢这种远离电脑的传统方法。

If you’re stuck for doodle ideas, check out the work these artists for some inspiration: Jamie Tao, Raphaël Vicenzi and Mike Harrison.

如果你在涂鸦时大脑一片空白，看看这些家伙的作品找点灵感吧（连接见英文）。



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Step 1
Create a new RGB canvas 2008 px X 2835 px with the Resolution set at 300 pixels per inch and select White under the Background Contents drop-down menu.

新建一个RGB模式，2008 px X 2835 px ，分辨率300像素/英寸的画布。选择白色背景。



To start off we’ll use various textures to create a subtle distress background. First, add a group folder called "BACKGROUND", then open "1.jpg" from these colored grunge textures and go to Image > Image Rotation > 90 CCW. Place this within the folder, then hit Command/Ctrl + T and resize to cover the canvas. Name the layer "Texture 1" and reduce its Opacity to 30%.

我们先来利用一些材质来创建一个略带颓废感的背景。首先，添加名为"BACKGROUND”的组，打开colored grunge textures中的“1.jpg”文件，然后使用图像>图像旋转>90度（逆时针）。将它放入BACKGROUND组内，Command/Ctrl + T调整它的大小使其覆盖整个画布。将该图层命名为"Texture 1"，不透明度降至30%。



Now add "8.jpg" as a new layer within the same folder, resize and name it "Texture 2". Change the Blend Mode to Overlay and lower its Opacity to 50%.

现在将 "8.jpg" 添加进来，放入相同的组，修改大小，命名为"Texture 2"。混合模式改为“叠加”，不透明度50%。



Place "Metal_plate.jpg" from the "source" folder as a new layer within the same folder. Resize and label it "Texture 3". Now set the Blend Mode to Hard Light and reduce its Opacity to 65%.

再将"source"文件夹下的"Metal_plate.jpg"添加进"BACKGROUND”组。调整大小，命名为"Texture 3"。混合模式改为“强光”，不透明度65%。



Next, add "Staples.jpg", again from the "source" folder. Change the Blend Mode to Luminosity, then resize and name it "Edge grunge". Add a layer mask, then use a large, soft-edged brush (B) to hide the hard edge as indicated.

接着，添加"source"文件夹下的"Staples.jpg"，混合模式为“明度”，调整大小并命名为"Edge grunge"。为其添加图层蒙版，然后用一个大一点的软笔刷（B）抹掉如下图所指出的硬边。



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Step 2
We now need to extract our first model. Switch to your Channels tab and cycle through each channel in turn to determine which holds the most contrast – in this case it’s the Green. Drag its thumbnail over the Create new channel icon at the foot of the palette to duplicate it. Now hit Command/Ctrl + L to access the Levels dialogue box and set the Input sliders as shown. Don’t sweat over the remaining background detail – we’ll deal with this next.

现在我们要扣出第一个模特。打开通道面板，依次观察每个通道，看看哪一个黑白对比最明显——在这个例子中最明显的是绿通道。将绿通道拖拽到面板下方的“创建新图层”图标上复制一次。按Command/Ctrl + L打开色阶面板，将滑标调整为下图所示。不要纠结于残留的背景细节——我们稍后会处理它们。



To clean up the channel mask, set the Burn Tool (O) to: Exposure: 72% / Range: Midtones and use a 150 px brush to darken the inner edges of the model as shown.

为了进一步清理这个通道蒙版，选择加深工具（O），曝光度设为72%，范围为中间调，使用150px的笔刷将模特的内边缘部颜色加深，如图所示。



Now set the Dodge Tool (O) to: Exposure: 100% / Range: Highlights and use a slightly larger brush to bleach out the background grey in the areas indicated.

现在选择减淡工具（O），曝光度100%，范围为高光，用一个稍大一点的笔刷将背景的灰色区域漂白，如图所示。



Set the Pen Tool (P) to Paths in the options bar, then draw a closed path to encompass the model as indicated in yellow. Plot your points fairly loosely over good contrast areas, but zoom in and toggle the visibility of the top RGB composite channel and take some time over less well defined areas such as her arms as indicated.

选择钢笔工具（P），路径模式，画一条如图中黄线所示的封闭的路径将模特包住。在对比清晰的地方绘制时让锚点适当稀疏一些。但对于边界区分的并不理想的地方，比如胳膊，你需要放大甚至切回彩色RGB模式仔细的绘制。



Switch to the Paths tab and Command/Ctrl-click your path thumbnail to load it as a selection. Return to the Channel tab and ensure your duplicate is the target channel. Next, press D to restore your Foreground/Background colors to the default black/white, then hit Option + Delete to fill the selection with black.

打开路径面板，Command/Ctrl+单击路径缩略图标将其载入为选区。回到通道面板确认你复制的那个通道的已经被选中，按D键将你的前景背景颜色恢复为默认的黑白，点击Option\Alt + Delete将所选区域填为黑色。



Next, use a large, hard-edged white brush to remove any remaining background grey. By default, white areas act as channel selections, so hit Command/Ctrl + I to Invert the channel to a negative.

下面，用一个大的硬笔刷移除背景上剩余的灰色。默认设置里白色区域是所选的通道，所以按Command/Ctrl + I将通道反转。



Command/Ctrl-click your duplicate channel to generate a selection, target the RGB composite channel, then jump to the Layers tab. Activate any selection tool, then hit the Refine Edge button in the options bar.

Command/Ctrl+单击你复制的通道生成选区，选择RGB彩色通道，然后回到图层面板。激活任意一个框选工具，点击上方属性栏的调整边缘按钮。

In the next window choose On Layers (L) from the View drop-down menu, then check the Smart Radius button and set the Radius field to 2.5 px. Now activate the Decontaminate Colors option and set the Amount value to 68% and hit OK.

在打开的窗口中选择显示模式下拉菜单中的图层（L），然后开启智能半径选项，将该值调为2.5px。激活净化颜色选项，将该值设为68%，单击确定。



When the Refine Edge command has finished you’ll notice an additional masked layer has appeared and the visibility of the original layer switched off. You can now drag the mask into the trash icon at the foot of the palette and click the Apply button on the following dialogue box.

调整边缘命令处理好后你会发现，一个新的蒙版出现了，原始图像的显示被关闭。你可以将蒙版拖拽到面板底部的垃圾桶上，在弹出的对话框中选择在删除蒙版前将其应用于图层。



Drag the isolated model onto your working file and label it "Figure 1". Now place it within a new group folder called "FIGURES", then resize and position as shown.

将抠出来的模特拽到主合成中，命名为Figure 1"。将它放入名为 "FIGURES"的新组中，参考下图调整大小和位置。



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[B]Step 3[/B
]You can now apply the same isolation techniques on the second model.

你可以用同样的技术将第二个模特抠出。



We only need this model’s head and chest, so once have a clean inverted mask, fill a rectangular selection (M) with black to eliminate the unwanted area.

我们只需要用这个模特的上半身，所以建好蒙版后，填充一个长方形选区 (M) 将下半部分删掉。



After you’ve successfully extracted the model, place it as a new layer called "Figure 2" within the same folder, then enlarge to overlap the first model.

将模特抠出后，复制进主合成命名为 "Figure 2"，放入相同的组。放大并盖住第一个模特一点。



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Step 4
Load the "grunge_brushes.abr" from the "source" folder. To familiarize yourself with them, open a new canvas and have a play; as these brushes are image-based, you’ll find they work best used in a stamping fashion, also open the Brush panel from the options bar and experiment by rotating and flipping them to avoid repetition.

从"source"文件夹中加载"grunge_brushes.abr" 笔刷。你可以先来熟悉一下它们，新建一个画布画着玩玩。你会发现这些笔刷很好的模拟了喷溅的风格，你还可以打开笔刷面板，试着旋转倒置他们来避免重复。



Now switch back you your project file and mask both "Figure 1" and "Figure 2" layers with an assortment of brushes – my masks are shown in isolation at the bottom of the screengrab.

回到主合成中来，用刚才的笔刷为"Figure 1" 和"Figure 2"图层建立各式的蒙版——我的蒙版如下图所示。



We now need to apply some non-destructive edits so both models match. Target the "Figure 2" layer and choose Color Balance from the Adjustments panel and reduce the Blue by -28.

现在我们来应用一些无损的调整层来使模特匹配一点。选中 "Figure 2"层，应用“色彩平衡”调整层，将蓝色-28。



Next, target the same later again and add a Levels adjustment and copy these settings.

再添加一个色阶，按下图的数值调整。



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Step 5
Disable the visibility of the "Background" layer and the "BACKGROUND" folder. Place an empty layer called "Figures merged" at the top within the "FIGURES" folder. Now go to Image > Apply Image, check the Blending option is set to Normal and hit OK. Your new layer now contains a composite of all visible layers.

关掉 "Background" 图层和"BACKGROUND" 组。在"FIGURES"组的最上方新建一个名为"Figures merged"的图层。执行图像>应用图像，将混合模式改为“正常”，单击确定。现在这个新图层已经包含了所有可见图层的信息。



Now change the layer’s Blend Mode to Screen and drop the Opacity to 45%. You can now enable the visibility of all layers. The model’s should have a slightly lighter appearance.

将这一层的混合模式改为“滤色”，不透明度45%。现在你可以开启所有图层的显示。模特应该显得亮了一点。



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Step 6
We now need to darken the torso of our first model. Add a layer at the bottom of the stack within the same folder and name it "Figure 1 fill". Command/Ctrl-click the "Figure 1" layer thumbnail to generate a selection. Ensure the new layer is the target layer and your Foreground color is set to black. Now hold Shift and drag a Linear Gradient from the bottom up using the Foreground to Transparent preset. Finally, change the Blend Mode to Multiply and lower the Opacity to 87%.

现在我们来将第一个模特的躯干加深一些。在改组的最下方新建图层"Figure 1 fill"。Command/Ctrl+单击 "Figure 1" 层生成选区。确保新建的图层被选中，前景颜色设为黑色。现在按住Shift并从上倒下拖拽一个从前景色到透明的线性渐变。最后，将混合模式改为“正片叠底”，不透明度87%。



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Step 7
Revisit your "Texture 1" layer and add a mask. Now use a large, soft-edged brush to hide the central area. My mask is shown in isolation to the right of the screengrab.

为 "Texture 1"添加蒙版。用一个大一点的软笔刷，将中心区域挡住。我的蒙版如下所示。

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Step 8
Open "Dots_1.jpg" from the "source" folder and press Option + Shift + Command/Ctrl + B to apply an Infrared Black and White adjustment directly to the layer. Now use the Elliptical Marquee Tool (M) to Shift-drag a selection of dots and copy to the clipboard.

打开 "source" 文件夹的"Dots_1.jpg" ，按Option/Alt + Shift + Command/Ctrl + B为其直接应用黑白调整命令。选择椭圆框选工具 (M)，在圆点图案上Shife+拖拽一个选区并复制到剪切板。



Add a new folder called "ELEMENTS 1" below the "FIGURES" and Paste the selection as a new layer within the folder and name it "Halftone 1". Position / resize as indicated, then change its Blend Mode to Hard Light for a subtle effect.

在"FIGURES"组下新建"ELEMENTS 1" 组，将复制的选区粘贴到新图层中，命名为"Halftone 1"。按下图调整该层，将混合模式改为“强光”，添加一些细节。



Use the same technique on "Dots_2.jpg", label it "Halftone 2" and change the Blend Mode to Multiply. Next, apply an Infrared Black and White adjustment to "Dots_3.jpg", then use the Polygonal Lasso Tool (L) to copy an irregular selection and copy > paste as a new layer. Label this one "Halftone 3" and set the Blending to Multiply again.

用同样的技术对"Dots_2.jpg"进行操作，命名为"Halftone 2"，混合模式为“正片叠底”。接着，为"Dots_3.jpg"应用黑白调整命令，用多边形套索工具（L） 选择一个不规则的形状，并复制到新图层。命名为"Halftone 3" ，混合模式为“正片叠底”。



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Step 9
Place "Lineart_1.jpg", through to "Lineart_3.jpg" as new layers within the "ELEMENTS 1" folder and position as shown. Change their Blend Modes to Multiply and name them "Plant 1", "Plant 2" and "Plant 3".

将素材"Lineart_1.jpg“ 到 "Lineart_3.jpg"拖进"ELEMENTS 1" 组，如下图所示摆放好他们。混合模式为“正片叠底”，分别命名为"Plant 1", "Plant 2" 和 "Plant 3"。



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Step 10
Open the bird image, then add a new layer to carry out some retouching. Grab the Clone Stamp Tool (S) and set it to Current & Below. Now use a small, soft-edged brush to get rid of the object in the bird’s mouth.

打开鸟的图片，新建一层做一些调整。选择仿制图章工具，在样本处设置为“当前和下方图层”。用一个小一点的软笔刷清除鸟嘴处的东西。



When you’ve finished, press Command/Ctrl + E to Merge your retouch layer, then choose Select > Color Range and set the Fuzziness slider to around 96.

完成后，按Command/Ctrl + E合并图层，执行选择>色彩范围，颜色容差设置为96。



Apply a Refine Edge command, then add as a new layer above "Plant 3". Resize, then apply a Levels adjustment directly to the layer as shown and label it "Bird".

应用调整边缘命令，然后在 "Plant 3"上新建一层"Bird"，直接应用色阶命令，如下所示。



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Step 11
Open the mountains and draw a closed path to exclude the sky. Create a path-based selection and copy > paste as a new layer within the same folder, name it "Mountains" and position middle-right. Now change the Blend Mode to Color Burn and mask as shown.

打开mountains素材，画一个包含天空的封闭路径。创建路径选区，将其复制为新图层，命名为"Mountains"，移动至中间偏右一点。混合模式改为“线性加深”，并创建如下所示的蒙版。



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Step 12
Isolate the asteroid with a path, make a selection and add as another layer within the same folder. Resize / position as indicated and label it "Rock".

用路径将asteroid抠出，创建选区将其添加到相同的组中，命名为"Rock"，按下图所示调整。



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Step 13
Drag "UFO.psd" from the "source" folder as another layer and position as shown. Set the Blend Mode to Exclusion and name it "Saucer".

选择"UFO.psd"素材添加进相同的组，命名为"Saucer"，如下所示调整，混合模式“排除”。



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Step 14
Next, add "Circle_texture.psd" (again from the "source" folder) as a new layer in Multiply Mode and name it "Grunge circle 1". Duplicate this layer and rename it "Grunge circle 2", then apply a Levels adjustment to lighten it. Position and resize both these layers as indicated.

添加"Circle_texture.psd"素材命名为"Grunge circle 1"。复制改成命名为"Grunge circle 2"，应用色阶提亮它。如下所示调整这两层。



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Step 15
Place "Pencil.jpg" within the same folder, again in Multiply Mode. Duplicate, reposition and label them "Scribble 1" and "Scribble 2".

添加"Pencil.jpg"素材，正片叠底。复制，移动，命名为 "Scribble 1" 和 "Scribble 2"。



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Step 16
Open "a.jpg" from the "source" folder and use the Lasso Tool (L) create a rough selection as shown and copy.

打开"a.jpg"，用套索工具（L），创建大致的选区并复制。



Paste the selection as an uppermost layer within the same folder, then hit Command/Ctrl + I to Invert it, position as shown and name it "Doodle 1". Next, clip a Hue/Saturation adjustment layer to add some color to the white area.

粘贴选区至最上方，Command/Ctrl + I反色并做如下调整，命名为Doodle 1"。接着添加色相/饱和度调整层为白色区域加点颜色。



Add "b.jpg" as a another layer and label it "Doodle 2", but change the Blend Mode to Multiply.

添加"b.jpg"，命名为"Doodle 2"，混合模式为正片叠底。



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Step 17
Open the astronaut and plot a closed path ignoring the strap on the left hand as shown in magenta.

打开astronaut素材，画一个如下图所示的闭合曲线。



Now set the Pen to Subtract from path area to create the inner sub-path (again shown in magenta). When you’re done generate a path-based selection and copy.

将钢笔工具设置为“从路径区域减去”，创建一个内部曲线（依旧如图所示）。完成后创建路径选区并复制。



Paste as a new layer into the same folder, label it "Astronaut" and Transform/position as shown. Next, reduce the color with a Hue/Saturation adjustment layer.

将其粘贴至之前的组内，命名为"Astronaut" ，如图所示调整，用色相/饱和度调整层减少一些颜色。



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Step 18
Place "Cowboy.psd" (from the "source" folder) as an upper layer within the same folder, position over the foreground model’s shoulder and name it "Rodeo".

在上方添加"Cowboy.psd”，“命名为"Rodeo"，将其放到前景模特的肩膀处。



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Step 19
In this step we’ll add some subtle paint washes. Add a new folder called "PAINT" above "ELEMENTS 1". Add a layer within the new folder called "Brush 1" and set its Blend Mode to Multiply. Use the Color Picker to select # f8f7bc and use a selection of grunge brushes to paint behind the central composition. Repeat this on separate layers (again in Multiply Mode) using different pastel shades as annotated.

这一步我们要加一些笔刷喷溅的效果。在"ELEMENTS 1"上方新建"PAINT"组，添加"Brush 1"图层，混合模式“正片叠底”。选择颜色 # f8f7bc，用grunge笔刷作为选区在构图的中心涂抹。添加不同的图层（还是正片叠底）重复这一操作，使用不同的颜色，见下图。



Add "Paint.jpg" (from the "source" folder) and change the Blend Mode to Multiply. Position as indicated and name it "Canvas paint". Now double-click its layer thumbnail to access the Blending Options window and Option-click the top-right Blend If slider to split it. This technique eliminates any hard-edged white areas.

添加"Paint.jpg"素材，改为正片叠底，命名为"Canvas paint"。双击图层图标打开图层样式窗口，Option/Alt+单击混合颜色带的滑标，托动使其分离。这个技术可以除去任何白色区域的硬边。



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Step 20
Next, we’ll desaturate the entire composition a little. Collapse all your folders, then add an uppermost Black & White adjustment layer set to the default preset to affect all underlying content. Now drop its Opacity to 47%.

下面，我们来给整个图像去一点色。不选中任何组，在图层面板最上方添加黑白调整层，这会影响它下方的整个图像。不透明度降为47%。



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Step 21
Add a new folder called "ELEMENTS 2" at the top of the stack and place a layer within it called "Blue bolt". Use the Polygonal Lasso Tool (L) to draw a lighting bolt from below the flying saucer and fill with # b9e1eb.

在最上方新建 "ELEMENTS 2"组，在其中新建 "Blue bolt"层。用多边形套索（L）在saucer下方画出一个亮色的把手，颜色为# b9e1eb。



Now select an area from "Dots_3.jpg" and copy. Generate a layer-based selection from your "Blue bolt" and choose Edit > Paste Special > Paste Into to create a new masked layer. Label this "Bolt dots" and change its Blend Mode to Multiply.

从"Dots_3.jpg"中选择一个区域并复制。在选择"Blue bolt"层的区域，执行编辑>特殊复制>复制进入，创建一个带蒙版的新图层。命名为 "Bolt dots"，混合模式“正片叠底”。



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Step 22
Draw a rough selection around "c.jpg" and copy > paste as a new layer at the top within the same folder. Name this layer "Doodle 3" and Invert. Position as shown, then reduce its Opacity to 65%. Now generate a layer-based selection from "Figure 2" and choose Layer > Layer Mask > Hide Selection.

为"c.jpg"画一个粗略的形状并复制到组的最上方，命名为"Doodle 3" 并反色。位置如下图，不透明度65%。生成"Figure 2“的选区，执行图层>图层蒙版>隐藏选区。



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[B]Step 23[/B
]Add the remaining doodles ("d.jpg", through to "h.jpg") as new layers within the same folder in Multiply Mode and label them accordingly. Now Invert some and change their Blend Modes to Screen for some variation.

将余下的涂鸦逐个添进来 ("d.jpg" 到"h.jpg") ，混合模式正片叠底，依次命名。将一些反色并改变混合模式，比如滤色什么的。



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Step 24
At this point you can may need to reposition the main composition; to do this Shift-click all your folder/layer thumbnails, apart from the "BACKGROUND" folder and "Background" layer, press Shift and drag down.

现在你或许需要重新定位一下总合成了。Shift+单击选中所有的组和图层，除了"BACKGROUND" 组和"Background" 层，按住Shift并向下拖拽。



To wrap up, you may need to reinstate some of the mask on your "Texture 1" layer.

为了好看点儿，你也许需要重新定位"Texture 1"的蒙版。



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Conclusion and Scop
总结与收获
I hope this tutorial has inspired you to develop your own styles of illustration. The key to this method of working is to recycle existing elements and mash it up with fresh images, but to also have some fun in the process!

我希望这个教程能让你在个人创作时多一些灵感。这种创作方式的关键就是重复利用现有的元素，将它们与不同的图像杂糅在一起，这个过程还是挺有乐子的对吧！！！


作为译者我不得不说一句，这玩意儿可真够长的。。。