web2.0之父：五种技术让互联网更加智能化 -

在Web 2.0大会成立五周年之际，大会创始人之一Tim O'Reilly在Web 2.0博览会上就互联网的未来发展发表了自己的看法。他认为有五种技术指明了互联网的发展方向。
有两点尤其引人注目：传感器将取代键盘前的用户，成为网络数据的主要来源；用摩尔定律解决人类面临的重大问题。
O'Reilly认为互联网应该变得更加智能化。已经当上祖父的他把互联网进化和人类进化进行了对比。早期的搜索引擎就好比是一个孩子，只知道往嘴里放东西，但不知道是什么。现在的互联网已经开始通过它所有的“感官”来处理获得的信息。
1. iPhone上的Google语音搜索
Google去年发布了一个可以搜索语音的产品。该产品利用了iPhone内置的传感器，这是其它语音搜索无法做到的。不只是语音识别，还包括手势识别，当你把手机靠近脸部时它就开始“倾听”了。
2. Gracenote公司的压缩光盘数据库（CDDB）技术
CDDB不是什么新技术，但是在不久的将来会越来越普及。该服务可以通过歌曲的“指纹”识别光盘,它并非仅通过单曲识别专辑，而是通过各种数据（歌手名、标题、播放列表以及其它信息）。
3. AMEE智能电网
AMEE（中文资料） 智能电网公司是一家跟踪用户家庭能源使用情况的公司，并根据这些资料提供各种有价值的信息。TechCrunch英国版 称其“好比是碳迹（carbon footprint）版OpenID”。

O'Reilly就像CDDB中的光盘一样，AMEE发现家电的能耗浮动是独一无二的，他们可以根据发动机的工作状态识别冰箱的品牌和型号。然后推荐更节能的冰箱。
4. NASA/思科的行星皮肤（Planetary Skin）计划
美国宇航局和思科公司上月启动了一个叫做“行星皮肤”的计划，通过传感器监测全球气候变化。O'Reilly称人们可以“将摩尔定律用于全球最严重的问题”，通过传感器网络处理信息就是一个很好的例子。

5. IBM智能行星（Smarter Planet）计划
O'Reilly重点强调了IBM的智能行星计划。IBM在该项目推出了很多创举，把先进技术和全球多种系统整合到一起，其中大部分为公共基础设施项目。
上周IBM宣布将把合作伙伴加入智能行星列为优先事项，此外还将与合作伙伴分享大量数据。
以上就是Tim O'Reilly提出的影响互联网未来发展的五项技术。互联网和现实世界的结合越来越紧密，我们将何去何从，Web2.0大会五周年正是一个思考契机。
英文原文：Tim O'Reilly: 5 Technologies That Make The Web Smarter
Tim O'Reilly, co-founder of the Web 2.0 Conference, gave a short address on the 5th anniversary of that event at tonight's Web 2.0 Expoin San Francisco and offered some thoughts on what's going to come next. He discussed five applications that he believes point the way.
Two themes stood out: sensors will surpass humans in front of their keyboards as the primary data source on the web and Moore's Law will need to be applied to humanity's greatest problems.
It's time for the Web to get smarter, O'Reilly said. Having just become a grandfather, he drew a parallel between the evolution of the web and human development. The early days of search engines were like a child just putting things in its mouth, wondering what they are. Now the web is starting to use all of its senses together to do do something with the information it has access too. Here's where he's seeing that happen.
1. Google Voice Search on the iPhone
Google launched an iPhone app in November that lets you search by voice. It uses the iPhone's built in sensors in ways that other voice searches can't. It's not just voice recognition, it's also gesture recognition - the application starts listening when you put the phone to your face. O'Reilly asked, rhetorically, if the service was "a tipping point for the web" when it launched and it's still on his short list of key technologies today.
2. Gracenote's CDDB
The CDDB, or Compact Disk Database, isn't new but it could become much less anomalous in the near term future. As O'Reilly explained on stage tonight, the service identifies CDs by looking at the unique fingerprint created by the duration of songs in any collection on a commercial music CD. It doesn't identify individual songs but rather analyzes the aggregate data on albums in order to identify the collection.
See also the non-profit MusicBrainz.
3. AMEE Smart Grid
The AMEE smart electrical grid company tracks energy use in customers' homes and offers all kinds of valuable information based on what they see. TechCrunch UK called it "like an OpenID for your carbon footprint" in its coverage of O'Reilly's investment in the company.

O'Reilly said tonight that much like CDs in the CDDB, AMEE has discovered that the energy fluctuations of home appliances are so unique that they can tell what make and model of refrigerator you have by the way it acts when the motor turns on. Then it can suggest a more energy efficient appliance.
4. The NASA/CISCO Planetary Skin
NASA and CISCO unveiled plans last month to build what they call a Planetary Skin of sensors to monitor global climate change. The ability to process all the information that will come in through such a network of sensors is a good example of what O'Reilly called "applying Moore's Law to the world's biggest problems."

5. IBM Smarter Planet
O'Reilly highlighted the IBM Smarter Planet project in his talk about the future tonight. Smarter Planet is a broad body of initiatives by IBM to integrate efficient technology into a wide variety of systems around the world. Much of it is public infrastructure work.
Last week IBM announced that it would make bringing its channel partners into the Smarter Planet project a major priority and that it will be sharing the huge amounts of data it collects through the initiatives with channel partners as well.
Those are Tim O'Reilly's favorite examples of technologies that point beyond the last five years of the Web 2.0 era. Have you got other examples in the same vein? Perhaps you've got a different big picture vision of the next stage of the web. This fifth anniversary of the first Web 2.0 Conference is a great time to reflect on where we are as a web connected world and where we're going.