雪莱诗选Selected Poems of Shelley

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司马遥 选编
珀西·比西·雪莱(Percy Bysshe Shelley1792-1822)英国著名民主诗人。
出身乡村地主家庭,8岁时就开始尝试写作诗歌,在伊顿的几年里,雪莱与其表兄托马斯合作了诗《流浪的犹太人》并出版了讽刺小说《扎斯特罗奇》。 12岁那年,雪莱进入伊顿公学,在那里他受到学长及教师的虐待,在当时的学校里这种现象十分普遍,但是雪莱并不象一般新生那样忍气吞声,他公然的反抗这些,而这种反抗的个性如火燃尽了他短暂的一生。
1810年,18岁的雪莱进入牛津大学,深受英国自由思想家休谟以及葛德文等人著作的影响,雪莱习惯性的将他关于上帝、政治和社会等问题的想法写成小册子散发给一些素不相识的人,并询问他们看后的意见。 1811年3月25日,由于散发《无神论的必然》,入学不足一年的雪莱被牛津大学开除。雪莱的父亲是一位墨守成规的乡绅,他要求雪莱公开声明自己与《无神论的必然》毫无关系,而雪莱拒绝了,他因此被逐出家门。被切断经济支持的雪莱在两个妹妹的帮助下过了一段独居的生活,这一时期,他认识了赫利埃特·委斯特布洛克,他妹妹的同学,一个小旅店店主的女儿。雪莱与这个十六岁的少女仅见了几次面,她是可爱的,又是可怜的,当雪莱在威尔士看到她来信称自己在家中受父亲虐待后便毅然赶回伦敦,带着这一身世可怜且恋慕他的少女踏上私奔的道路。他们在爱丁堡结婚,婚后住在约克。 1812年2月12日,同情被英国强行合并的爱尔兰的雪莱携妻子前往都柏林为了支持爱尔兰天主教徒的解放事业,在那里雪莱发表了慷慨激昂的演说,并散发《告爱尔兰人民书》以及《成立博爱主义者协会倡议书》。在政治热情的驱使下,此后的一年里雪莱在英国各地旅行,散发他自由思想的小册子。同年11月完成叙事长诗《麦布女王》,这首诗富于哲理,抨击宗教的伪善、封建阶级与劳动阶级当中存在的所有的不平等。 1815年,雪莱的祖父逝世,按照当时的长子继承法当时在经济上十分贫困的雪莱获得了一笔年金,但他拒绝独享,而将所得财产与妹妹分享。这一年除了《阿拉斯特》之外,雪莱较多创作的是一些涉及哲学以及政治的短文。次年五月,携玛丽再度同游欧洲,在日内瓦湖畔与拜伦交往密切,这两位同代伟大诗人的友谊一直保持到雪莱逝世,雪莱后来的作品《朱利安和马达洛》便是以拜伦与自己作为原型来创作的。同年11月,雪莱的妻子投河自尽,在法庭上,因为是《麦布女王》的作者,大法官将两个孩子教养权判给其岳父,为此,雪莱受到沉重的打击,就连他最亲的朋友都不敢在他的面前提及他的孩子,出于痛苦及愤怒,雪莱写就《致大法官》和《给威廉·雪莱》。雪莱与玛丽结婚,为了不致影响到他与玛丽所生孩子的教养权,雪莱携家永远离开英国。 1818年至1819年,雪莱完成了两部重要的长诗《解放了的普罗米修斯》和《倩契》,以极其不朽的名作《西风颂》。《解放了的普罗米修斯》与《麦布女王》相同,无法公开出版,而雪莱最成熟、结构最完美的作品《倩契》则被英国的评论家称为“当代最恶劣的作品,似出于恶魔之手”。
1821年2月23日,约翰·济慈逝世,6月,雪莱写就《阿多尼》来抒发自己对济慈的悼念之情,并控诉造成济慈早逝的英国文坛以及当时社会现状。 1822年7月8日,雪莱乘坐自己建造的小船“唐璜”号从莱杭度海返回勒瑞奇途中遇风暴,舟覆,雪莱以及同船的两人无一幸免。按托斯卡纳当地法律规定,任何海上漂来的物体都必须付之一炬,雪莱的遗体由他生前的好友拜伦及特列劳尼以希腊式的仪式来安排火化,他们将乳香抹在尸体上,在火中洒盐。次年1月,雪莱的骨灰被带回罗马,葬于一处他生前认为最理想的安息场所。
雪莱是跟拜伦齐名的欧洲著名浪漫主义诗人。其作品热情而富哲理思辨,诗风自由不羁,常任天上地下、时间空间、神怪精灵往来变幻驰骋,又惯用梦幻象征手法和远古神话题材。其最优秀的作品有评论人间事物的长诗《仙后麦布》(1813),描写反封建起义的幻想性抒情故事诗《伊斯兰的反叛》(1818),控诉曼彻斯特大屠杀的政治诗《暴政的行列》(1819),支持意大利民族解放斗争的政治诗《自由颂》(1820),表现革命热情及胜利信念的《西风颂》(1819),以及取材于古希腊神话,表现人民反暴政胜利后瞻望空想社会主义前景的代表诗剧《解放了的普罗米修斯》(1819)等。
雪莱浪漫主义理想的终极目标就是创造一个人人享有自由幸福的新世界。他设想自己是日夜飞翔的夭使、飘浮蓝空的云朵、翱翔太空的云雀,乃至深秋季节的西风,是新世界理想的传播者、歌颂者、号召者。他以美丽的语言、丰富的想象描绘了这个新世界的绚丽画面,而且豪迈地预言:“如果冬天已经来临,春天还会远吗?”因此,恩格斯赞美雪菜是“天才的预言家” 主要作品有《为诗辩护》、《麦布女王》、《伊斯兰的起义》、《解放了的普罗米休斯》和《钦契》等。
爱尔兰人之歌
THE IRISHMAN'S SONG
天上可以沒有星星,世界的光源
The star may dissolve, and the fountain of light
可以沒入無邊的混沌和黑暗;
May sink intoe'er ending chao's and night,
我們的大廈傾覆了,田園被奪去,
Our mansions must fall and earth vanish away;
然而,艾林呵,你決不能喪失勇氣!
But thy courage, O Erin! may never decay.
看!四周是茫茫的一片斷瓦殘垣,
See! the wide wasting ruin extends all around,
我們祖先的家宅已經坍塌,毀滅,
Our ancestors' dwellings lie sunk on the ground,
只見勝利的敵人馳騁在國土上,
Our foes ride in triumph throughout our domains,
而我們的戰士都已橫尸沙場。
And our mightiest horoes streched on the plains.
唉,以往令人歡娛的琴弦碎裂了,
Ah! dead is the harp which was wont to give pleasure,
我們鄉土的清曲妙舞也沉寂了;
Ah! sunk in our sweet country's rapturous measure,
只有戰歌傳揚起來,我們耳中
But the war note is weaked, and the clangour of spears,
還似響著廝殺聲和劍戟的錚鳴。
The dread yell of Slogan yet sounds in our ears.
但英雄們都何在?他們死的英豪,
Ah! where are the heroes! triumphant in death,
他們不是在荒原血泊中臥倒,
Convulsed they recline on the blood-sprinkled heath,
就是任自己的陰魂凌駕著風暴--
Or the yelling ghosts ride on the blast that sweeps by,
“同胞們,復仇啊!”這樣向我們呼號。
And my countrymen! vengeance! incessantly cry.
October, 1809
查良錚 譯
孤独者The Solitary
1
在芸芸众生的人海里,
你敢否与世隔绝,独善其身?
任周围的人们闹腾,
你却漠不关心;冷落,估计,
像一朵花在荒凉的沙漠里,
不愿向着微风吐馨?
Dar'st thou amid the varied multitude
To live alone, an isolated thing?
To see the busy beings round thee spring,
And care for none; in thy calm solitude,
A flower that scarce breathes in the desert rude
To Zephyr's passing wing?
2
即使一个巴利阿人在印度丛林中,
孤单、瘦削、受尽同胞的厌恶,
他的命运之杯虽苦,
犹胜似一个不懂得爱的可怜虫:
背着致命的负荷,贻害无穷,
那永远摆脱不了的担负。
Not the swart Pariah in some Indian grove,
Lone, lean, and hunted by his brother's hate,
Hath drunk so deep the cup of bitter fate
As that poor wretch who cannot, cannot love:
He bears a load which nothing can remove,
A killing, withering weight.
3
他微笑---这是悲哀的最严厉的讽刺;
他说话---冷冷的言词,不是从灵魂流露,
他和别人一样行动,吃着美味的食物;---
然而,然而他盼望---虽然又害怕---死;
他渴望抵达,虽然又像要逃避
那灰色生涯的最终的归宿。
He smiles--'tis sorrow's deadliest mockery;
He speaks--the cold words flow not from his soul;
He acts like others, drains the genial bowl,--
Yet, yet he longs--although he fears--to die;
He pants to reach what yet he seems to fly,
Dull life's extremest goal.
1810年
杨熙龄译
无 常
我们象遮蔽午夜之月的云彩;
它一刻不停地奔跑,闪耀,颤栗,
向黑暗放出灿烂的光辉!---但很快
夜幕合拢了,它就永远隐去;
又象被忘却的琴,不调和的弦
每次拨弄都发出不同的音响,
在那纤弱的乐器上,每次重弹,
情调和音节都不会和前次一样。
我们睡下:一场梦能毒戕安息;
我们起来:游思又会玷污白天;
我们感觉,思索,想象,笑或哭泣,
无论抱住悲伤,或者摔脱忧烦:
终归是一样!--因为呵,在这世间,
无论是喜悦或悲伤都会溜走:
我们的明日从不再象昨天,
唉,除了“无常”,一切都不肯停留。
1814年
查良铮 译
MUTABILITY无 常
We are as clouds that veil the midnight moon;
我们像午夜里掩月的浮云,
How restlessly they speed, and gleam, and quiver,
多么幽忽,飘颤,又疾徐不停-
Streaking the darkness radiantly!-yet soon
为黑暗划上了绚丽的彩纹!
Night closes round, and they are lost forever:
-未几,夜终,消失得杳无踪影。
Or like forgotten lyres, whose dissonant strings
或像是被遗忘的七弦古琴-
Give various response to each varying blast,
失谐的琴弦迎着八面来风,
To whose frail frame no second motion brings
那不堪的架构---脆弱的琴身,
One mood or modulation like the last.
每一下拨弄总是变调、走音。
We rest. -A dream has power to poison sleep;
我们休息--梦境搅局了睡眠;
We rise. -One wandering thought pollutes the day;
我们起身-浮想秽污着白天;
We feel, conceive or reason, laugh or weep;
我们感知、设想,哭笑或推断;
Embrace fond woe,or cast our cares away:
沉溺于苦恼, 或是抛却忧烦。
It is the same!-For, be it joy or sorrow,
这都一样呵---欢乐或是悲伤,
The path of its departure still is free:
它们离去的途径始终通敞;
Man's yesterday may ne'er be like his morrow;
人的昨日与明天永不相仿;
Nought may endure but Mutability.
变幻可以持久,然而也无常。
给----
还看着我吧---别把眼睛移开,
就让它宴飨于我眼中的爱情,
确实,这爱情不过是你的美
在我的精神上反射出的光明。
对我谈话吧---你的声调好似
我的心灵的回声,似乎我听见
你说在爱我;可是,你的这言语
表现的仍只是你,有如站在镜前
你所倾心的只是自己的容颜;
但我还在耗尽生命守着你,
有时候,这是多甜蜜的苦役!
在我痛苦时,你也会怜悯我……
查良铮译
夏日黄昏的墓园
---写于格劳斯特郡,里屈雷德
A SUMMER EVENING CHURCHYARD
Lechiade, Gloucestershire
那淹没落日之余晖的雾气
已被晚风在辽阔的空际吹散;
黄昏正绕着白日疲倦的眼睛
把自己的金发越结越幽暗:
呵,寂静和黄昏,人都不喜爱,
已从那幽黑的谷中悄悄爬来。
The wind has swept from the wide atmosphere
Each vapour that obscured the sunset’s ray;
And pallid Evening twines its beaming hair
In duskier braids around the languid eyes of Day:
Silence and Twilight, unbeloved of men,
Creep hand in hand from you obscurest glen.
它们向临别的白天念出魔咒,
感染了海洋、天空、星辰和大地;
万物的声、光和波动受到了
这魔力的支配,都显得更神秘。
风儿静止了,否则就是那枯草
在教堂尖顶上没感到风在飘。
They breathe their spells towards the departing day,
Encompassing the earth, air, stars, and sea;
Light, sound, and motion own the potent sway,
Responding to the charm with its own mystery.
The winds are still, or the dry church-tower grass
Knows not their gentle motions as they pass.
连你也是一样,云彩!你的顶端
象火焰的金字塔从圣殿矗立,
你被那甜蜜的魔咒所制,便以
天空的华彩涂上你变模糊的
遥远的塔尖,它越来越萎缩,
在它四周,星空正凝聚着夜色。
Thou too, aereal Pile! Whose pinnacles
Point from one shrine like pyramids of fire,
Obeyest in silence their sweet solemn spells,
Clothing in hues of heaven thy dim and distant spire,
Around whose lessening and invisible height
Gather among the stars the clouds of night.
死者正安眠在他们的石墓里,
并且慢慢腐蚀;从那蛆虫的床
发出了似有似无的一声轻颤,
在黑暗中,环绕着一切生命波荡;
那肃穆的音波逐渐变为朦胧,
没入了幽夜和寂静的天空。
The dead are sleeping in their sepulchers:
And, mouldering as they sleep, a thrilling sound,
Half sense, half thought, among the darkness stirs,
Breathed from their wormy beds all living things around,
And mingling with the still night and mute sky
Its awful hush is felt inaudibly.
呵,美化了的死亡,平静、庄严,
有如这静谧的夜,毫不可怖:
在这儿,象在墓园游戏的儿童,
我好奇地想到:死亡必是瞒住
甜蜜的故事不使人知道,不然
也必有最美的梦和它相伴。
Thus solemnized and softened, death is mild
And terrorless as this serenest night:
Here could I hope, like some inquiring child
Sporting on graves, that death did hide from human sight
Sweet secrets, or beside its breathless sleep
That loveliest dreams perpetual watch did keep.
(1815年9月)
查良铮译
赞智性美
Hymn to Intellectual Beauty

某种无形力量的威严的阴影
虽不可见,却飘浮在我们之中,
凭借多变的翅膀访问多彩的世界,
如夏风潜行于一个又一个花丛;
它以闪烁不定、难以捉摸的眼光
察看每一颗心灵、每一张脸庞,
如同月华倾泻在山间的松林;
恰似黄昏的色泽与和谐的乐章,
恰似星光之下铺展的浮云,
恰似记忆中的乐曲的余音,
恰似因美丽而可爱的一切,
又因神秘而变得更加珍贵可亲。
The awful shadow of some unseen Power
Floats through unseen among us, -- visiting
This various world with as inconstant wing
As summer winds that creep from flower to flower, --
Like moonbeams that behind some piny mountain shower,
It visits with inconstant glance
Each human heart and countenance;
Like hues and harmonies of evening, --
Like clouds in starlight widely spread, --
Like memory of music fled, --
Like aught that for its grace may be
Dear, and yet dearer for its mystery.

美的精灵呵.你飘向了何方?
你的光彩使人类的形体或思想
变得神圣庄严、不可侵犯,
可你为何弃开我们的国度,飘往他乡,
丢下这个虚空、荒凉、阴暗的泪谷?
阳光为何不能永远编织彩虹,
桂在那边的山川的上空?
为什么曾经显形的物体必将失踪?
为什么恐惧、梦幻、死亡、出生
会给人间的白昼蒙上阴影?
为什么人类会充分地容忍
沮丧与希望、憎根与爱情?
Spirit of Beauty, that dost consecrate
With thine own hues all thou dost shine upon
Of human thought or form, -- where art thou gone?
Why dost thou pass away and leave our state,
This dim vast vale of tears, vacant and desolate?
Ask why the sunlight not for ever
Weaves rainbows o'er yon mountain-river,
Why aught should fail and fade that once is shown,
Why fear and dream and death and birth
Cast on the daylight of this earth
Such gloom, -- why man has such a scope
For love and hate, despondency and hope?

从更为崇高的世界没有传出任何声音,
来回答圣哲或诗人的这些疑问--
因此.魔鬼、幽灵、天堂这些名称
始终是他们的一个徒劳无功的结论,
只是脆弱的咒符--它们的魔力
也不能把怀疑、无常和偶然
从我们的所见所闻中清除出去。
唯有你的光辉,如同轻雾飘过山峦,
或像夜风轻抚寂静的琴弦,
弹送出一阵阵柔和的乐声,
或像月华洒在午夜的河面,
把美与真送给人生的不安的梦境。
No voice from some sublimer world hath ever
To sage or poet these responses given --
Therefore the names of Demon, Ghost, and Heaven,
Remain the records of their vain endeavour,
Frail spells -- whose uttered charm might not avail to sever,
From all we hear and all we see,
Doubt, chance, and mutability.
Thy light alone -- like mist oe'er the mountains driven,
Or music by the night-wind sent
Through strings of some still instrument,
Or moonlight on a midnight stream,
Gives grace and truth to life's unquiet dream.

爱情、希望和自尊,如同行云,
在借得的时光里来去匆匆,飘忽不定。
你不为人知,却威严可怖,假如
你和你光荣的随从居于人的心灵,
人啊,定会永生不朽,而且无所不能。
在情人眼中,爱的共鸣时亏时盈,
是你充当使者,传递着爱情--
对于人类的思想,你是滋养的物品,
如同黑略培育着微弱的火光。
切莫离去,纵然你只是一个幻影,
切莫离去--否则,坟墓也会
变成黑暗的现实,如同恐惧和人生。
Love, Hope, and Self-esteem, like clouds depart
And come, for some uncertain moments lent.
Man were immortal, and omnipotent,
Didst thou, unknown and awful as thou art,
Keep with thy glorious train firm state within his heart.
Thou messgenger of sympathies,
That wax and wane in lovers' eyes --
Thou -- that to human thought art nourishment,
Like darkness to a dying flame!
Depart not as thy shadow came,
Depart not -- lest the grave should be,
Like life and fear, a dark reality.

在孩提时代,我曾怀着战栗的脚步,
穿过许多静室和月光下的林莽,
还有洞穴、废墟,遍地寻访鬼魂,
只希望与死者进行大声的交谈。
我呼唤着自幼而知的恶毒的姓名,
没有回音,也不见他们的形影--
当轻风开始调情.有生之物
从梦中苏醒.带来鸟语花香的喜讯,
在这美妙无比的时刻呵,
我深深地思索人生的命运,--
突然。你的幻影落在我的身上,
我失声尖叫,抱紧双手,欣喜万分。
While yet a boy I sought for ghosts, and sped
Through many a listening chamber, cave and ruin,
And starlight wood, with fearful steps pursuing
Hopes of high talk with the departed dead.
I called on poisonous names with which our youth is fed;
I was not heard -- I saw them not --
When musing deeply on the lot
Of life, at that sweet time when winds are wooing
All vital things that wake to bring
News of birds and blossoming, --
Sudden, thy shadow fell on me;
I shrieked, and clasped my hands in ecstasy!

我曾发誓,我要向你和你的同类献出
我的全部力量,难道我违背了誓言?
即使现在.我仍以泪眼和狂跳的心,
对千年的幽灵发出一声声的呼唤,
叫他们走出沉寂的坟墓,他们陪伴我
在苦读和热恋的幻想的亭榭,
看守嫉妒的黑夜,直至黑夜消隐--
他们知道,我脸上没有出现一丝欢悦,
除非我心中生出希望,相信你会
使这个世界摆脱黑暗的奴役,
相信你,令人敬畏的美,
会带来这些言语无法表达的东西。
I vowed that I would dedicate my powers
To thee and thine -- have I not kept the vow?
With beating heart and streaming eyes, even now
I call the phantoms of a thousand hours
Each from his voiceless grave: they have in visioned bowers
Of studious zeal or love's delight
Outwatched with me the envious night --
They know that never joy illumed my brow
Unlinked with hope that thou wouldst free
This world from its dark slavery,
That thou - O awful Loveliness,
Wouldst give whate'er these words cannot express.

当正午过去,白昼变得更为静穆,
出现了一种秋天的和谐的音符,
碧空中也有了一种明媚的色调--
整个夏天,它们都不曾被人耳闻目睹,
仿佛夏天不会,也不配拥有这些!
那么,让你的力量,就像自然的真谛,
侵袭进我的消极的青春,
并且把安详赐给我今后的时日--
我这个人呵,无限崇拜你,
也崇拜仅容着你的一切形体,
啊,美丽的精灵,是你的符咒
使我热爱整个人类,却又畏惧自己。
The day becomes more solemn and serene
When noon is past -- there is a harmony
In autumn, and a lustre in its sky,
Which through the summer is not heard or seen,
As if it could not be, as if it had not been!
Thus let thy power, which like the truth
Of nature on my passive youth
Descended, to my onward life supply
Its calm -- to one who worships thee,
And every form containing thee,
Whom, Spirit fair, thy spells did bind
To fear himself, and love all human kind.
吴 笛译
无 题
1
那时光已永远死亡,孩子!
淹没、冻僵、永远死亡!
我们回顾以往,不禁吃惊,
见到的是一群希望的亡灵,
我和你在阴暗的生命之河上
消磨到死的那些希望的亡灵:
苍白、凄惨、哭得哀伤。
2
我们曾注目凝视过的河川
已滚滚流去,再不回还;
而我们仍站在
荒凉的土地上,
象树立起两块墓碑,以纪念
在暗淡的生命的晨光里不断
消逝着的恐惧和希望。
1817年
江 枫译
奥西曼德斯Ozymandias
我遇见一个来自古国的旅客,
I met a traveler from an antique land,
他说:有两只断落的巨大石腿
Who said---“Two vast and trunkless legs of stone
站在沙漠中……附近还半埋着
Stand in the desert. … Near them, on the sand,
一块破碎的石雕的脸;他那绉眉,
Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown,
那瘪唇,那威严中的轻蔑和冷漠,
And wrinked lip, and sneer of cold command,
在表明雕刻家很懂得那迄今
Tell that its sculptor well those passions read
还留在这岩石上的情欲和愿望,
Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,
虽然早死了刻绘的手,原型的心;
The hand that mocked them, and the heart, that fed;
在那石座上,还有这样的铭记:
And on the pedestal, these words appear:
“我是奥西曼德斯,众王之王。
“My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings,
强悍者呵,谁能和我的业绩相比!”
Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!
这就是一切了,再也没有其他。
Nothing besides remains. Round the decay
在这巨大的荒墟四周,无边无际,
Of that colossal Wreck, boundless and bare
只见一片荒凉而寂寥的平沙。
The lone and level sands stretch faraway.”
1817年
查良铮 译
译注:奥西曼德斯,古埃及王,据称其墓在底比斯的拉米西陵中。
奥西曼提斯①
客自海外归,曾见沙漠古国
有石像半毁,唯余巨腿
蹲立沙砾间。像头旁落,
半遭沙埋,但人面依然可畏,
那冷笑,那发号施令的高傲,
足见雕匠看透了主人的内心,
才把那石头刻得神情维肖,
而刻像的手和像主的心
早成灰烬。像座上大字在目:
“吾乃万王之王是也,
盖世功业,敢叫天公折服!”
此外无一物,但见废墟周围,
寂寞平沙空莽莽,
伸向荒凉的四方。
1817年
王佐良译
①奥西曼提斯即公元前十三世纪的埃及王雷米西斯二
世。他的坟墓在底比斯地方,形如一庞大的狮身人面像。
一朵枯萎的紫罗兰

这朵花的芬芳已经消隐,
象你的吻对我吐露的气味;
这朵花的颜色已经凋殒,
她曾闪耀过你独有的光辉。

一个萎缩、僵死、空虚的形体
搁置在我被冷落的胸襟,
以它冷漠、寂静、无声的安息
嘲弄我依旧热烈的痴心。

我哭泣,泪水不能使它复生;
我叹息,你不再向我吐露芳泽;
它无声无息,无所怨尤的命运,
正和我所应得的没有什么区别。
(江枫 译)
On A Faded Violet 一朵枯萎的紫罗兰
The odor from the flower is gone, 这朵花的香气已经散失,
Which like thy kisses breathed on me; 如你的吻对我吐露过的气息;
The color from the flower is flown, 这朵花的颜色已经退去,
Which glowed of thee, and only thee! 如你曾焕发过的明亮,只有你!
A shriveled, lifeless, vacant form, 一个萎缩、死的、空虚的形体,
It lies on my abandoned breast, 它在我荒废的胸口,
And mocks the heart, which yet is warm, 以它冷漠和无声的安息
With cold and silent rest. 嘲弄我那仍炽热的心。
I weep ---- my tears revive it not; 我哭泣,泪水无法复活它;
I sigh ---- it breathes no more on me; 我叹息,它的气息永远不再;
Its mute and uncomplaining lot 它沉默、无怨的命运,
Is such as mine should be. 正是我所应得的。
给玛丽 To Mary
哦,亲爱的玛丽,你能在这里多好,
你,和你那明亮开朗的棕色的眼睛,
你那甜美的话语,似小鸟
向常春藤荫里寂寞忧郁的伴侣,
倾吐爱情时的啭鸣,
那天地间最甜最美的声音!
还有你的秀额……
更胜过这蔚蓝色意大利的天穹;
亲爱的玛丽,快来到我的身旁,
我失去了健康,当你远在他乡,
你对于我,亲爱的,
就象黄昏对于西方的星辰,
就象日落对于圆满的月亮,
哦,亲爱的玛丽,但愿你在这里,
古堡的回声也轻声低语:“在这里!”
O Mary dear, that you were here
With your brown eyes bright and clear.
And your sweet voice, like a bird
Singing love to its lone mate
In the ivy bower disconsolate;
Voice the sweetest ever heard!
And your brow more...
Than the sky
Of this azure Italy.
Mary dear, come to me soon,
I am not well whilst thou art far;
As sunset to the sphered moon,
As twilight to the western star,
Thou, beloved, art to me.
O Mary dear, that you were here;
The Castle echo whispers 'Here!'
(1818)
江枫 译
给英国人民的歌
1
英国人民呵,何必为地主而耕?
他们一直把你们当作贱种!
何必为你们的昏暴的君王
辛勤地纺织他豪富的衣裳?
2
何必把那些忘恩负义的懒虫
从摇篮到坟墓都好好供奉?
吃饭,穿衣,救命,一古脑儿承担,
而他们却要榨尽你们的血汗!
3
为什么,英国的工蜂呵,要熔锻
那么多武器,锁链和钢鞭,
因而使无刺的雄蜂便于劫夺
你们被迫劳动而得的收获?
4
你们可有闲暇、舒适和平静?
可有住宅、食粮、爱情的温存?
不然,你们整天在痛苦和害怕,
究竟为什么要付这么高的代价?
5
你们撒的种子,别人拿收成!
你们找到的财富,别人留存;
你们织的衣袍,别人穿戴;
你们铸的武器,别人取过来。
6
播种吧---但别让暴君搜刮;
寻找财富吧---别让骗子起家;
纺织吧---可别为懒人织绵衣;
铸武器吧---保护你们自己。
7
钻进你们的地窖、洞穴、陋室里,①
你们装饰的大厦已有别人安居。
为什么要摆脱你们制的锁链?
看,你们铸的剑在把你们看管!
8
就用耕犁、织机、铁铲和铁锄,
规划和建筑你们的坟墓;
织好你们的尸衣吧,就让
美丽的英国作你们的墓场。
【注释】
钻进陋室:在读这一节时,前面最好加“否则”或“不然”,因为它(以及第八节)和前面的意思正是对立的,是诗人愤慨的反讥。
给英国人民的歌 To The Men Of England
1
英国人民呵,何必为地主而耕?
他们一直把你们当作贱种!
何必为你们的昏暴的君王
辛勤地纺织他豪富的衣裳?
Men of England, wherefore plough
For the lords who lay ye low?
Wherefore weave with toil and care
The rich robes your tyrants wear?
2
何必把那些忘恩负义的懒虫
从摇篮到坟墓都好好供奉?
吃饭,穿衣,救命,一古脑儿承担,
而他们却要榨尽你们的血汗!
Wherefore feed and clothe and save,
From the cradle to the grave,
Those ungrateful drones who would
Drain your sweat -- nay, drink your blood?
3
为什么,英国的工蜂呵,要熔锻
那么多武器,锁链和钢鞭,
因而使无刺的雄蜂便于劫夺
你们被迫劳动而得的收获?
Wherefore, Bees of England, forge
Many a weapon, chain, and scourge,
That these stingless drones may spoil
The forced produce of your toil?
4
你们可有闲暇、舒适和平静?
可有住宅、食粮、爱情的温存?
不然,你们整天在痛苦和害怕,
究竟为什么要付这么高的代价?
Have ye leisure, comfort, calm,
Shelter, food, love's gentle balm?
Or what is it ye buy so dear
With your pain and with your fear?
5
你们撒的种子,别人拿收成!
你们找到的财富,别人留存;
你们织的衣袍,别人穿戴;
你们铸的武器,别人取过来。
The seed ye sow another reaps;
The wealth ye find another keeps;
The robes ye weave another wears;
The arms ye forge another bears.
6
播种吧---但别让暴君搜刮;
寻找财富吧---别让骗子起家;
纺织吧---可别为懒人织绵衣;
铸武器吧---保护你们自己。
Sow seed, -- but let no tyrant reap;
Find wealth, -- let no imposter heap;
Weave robes, -- let not the idle wear;
Forge arms, in your defence to bear.
7
钻进你们的地窖、洞穴、陋室里,①
你们装饰的大厦已有别人安居。
为什么要摆脱你们制的锁链?
看,你们铸的剑在把你们看管!
Shrink to your cellars, holes, and cells;
In halls ye deck another dwells.
Why shake the chains ye wrought? Ye see
The steel ye tempered glance on ye.
8
就用耕犁、织机、铁铲和铁锄,
规划和建筑你们的坟墓;
织好你们的尸衣吧,就让
美丽的英国作你们的墓场。
With plough and spade and hoe and loom,
Trace your grave, and build your tomb,
And weave your winding-sheet, till fair
England be your sepulchre!
【注释】
钻进陋室:在读这一节时,前面最好加“否则”或“不然”,因为它(以及第八节)和前面的意思正是对立的,是诗人愤慨的反讥。
本诗写于1819年秋。这年 8月16日,英国
曼彻斯特几万名市民集会,要求改革和普选权,
但遭到当局镇压,死伤数百人。远在意大利的
雪莱闻讯后义愤填膺,写下了包括本诗在内的
一些作品。由于本诗言词慷慨,语气激烈,有
着极强的战斗性,特别是最后两节有着很大的
鼓动性,因此在很长时间内,出版商未敢承印。
待到后来发表时,雪莱已去世十多年了。
西风颂Ode to the West Wind
一 I
哦,狂野的西风,秋之实体的气息!
由于你无形无影的出现,万木萧疏,
似鬼魅逃避驱魔巫师,蔫黄,黢黑,
O WILD West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being
Thou from whose unseen presence the leaves dead
Are driven like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,
苍白,潮红,疫疠摧残的落叶无数,
四散飘舞;哦,你又把有翅的种籽
凌空运送到他们黑暗的越冬床圃;
Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,
Pestilence-stricken multitudes! O thou
Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed
仿佛是一具具僵卧在坟墓里的尸体,
他们将分别蛰伏,冷落而又凄凉,
直到阳春你蔚蓝的姐妹向梦中的大地
The wingèd seeds, where they lie cold and low,
Each like a corpse within its grave, until
Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow
吹响她嘹亮的号角(如同牧放群羊
驱送香甜的花蕾到空气中觅食就饮)
给高山平原注满生命的色彩和芬芳。
Her clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill
(Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air)
With living hues and odours plain and hill;
不羁的精灵,你啊,你到处运行;
你破坏,你也保存,听,哦,听!
Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;
Destroyer and preserver; hear, O hear!
二 II
在你的川流上,在骚动的高空,
纷乱的乌云,那雨和电的天使,
正象大地凋零枯散的落叶无穷,
Thou on whose stream, 'mid the steep sky's commotion,
Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shed,
Shook from the tangled boughs of heaven and ocean,
挣脱天空和海洋交情缠接的柯枝,
漂流奔泻;在你清虚的波涛表面,
似酒神女祭司头上扬起的蓬勃青丝。
Angels of rain and lightning! there are spread
On the blue surface of thine airy surge,
Like the bright hair uplifted from the head
从那茫茫地平线阴暗的边缘
直到苍穹的绝顶,到处散步着
迫近的暴风雨飘摇翻腾的发卷。
Of some fierce Mænad, even from the dim verge
Of the horizon to the zenith's height,
The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge
你啊,垂死残年的挽歌,四合的夜幕
在你聚集的全部水汽威力的支撑下,
将构成他那庞大墓穴的拱形顶部。
Of the dying year, to which this closing night
Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre,
Vaulted with all thy congregated might
从你那雄浑磅礴的氛围,将迸发
黑色的雨、火、冰雹;哦,听啊!
Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere
Black rain, and fire, and hail, will burst: O hear!
三  III
你,哦,是你把蓝色的地中海
从梦中唤醒,他在一整个夏天
都酣睡在贝伊湾一座浮石岛外,
Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams
The blue Mediterranean, where he lay,
Lull'd by the coil of his crystàlline streams,
被澄澈的流水喧哗声催送入眠,
梦见了古代的楼台、塔堡和宫闱,
在强烈汹涌的波光里不住地抖颤,
Beside a pumice isle in Baiæ's bay,
And saw in sleep old palaces and towers
Quivering within the wave's intenser day,
全部长满了蔚蓝色苔藓和花卉,
馨香馥郁,如醉的知觉难以描摹。
哦,为了给你让路,大西洋水
All overgrown with azure moss, and flowers
So sweet, the sense faints picturing them! Thou
For whose path the Atlantic's level powers
豁然开裂,而在浩森波澜深处,
海底的花藻和枝叶无汁的丛林,
哦,由于把你的呼啸声辨认出,
Cleave themselves into chasms, while far below
The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear
The sapless foliage of the ocean, know
一时都惨然变色,胆沐心惊,
战栗着自行凋落;听,哦,听!
Thy voice, and suddenly grow gray with fear,
And tremble and despoil themselves: O hear!
四  IV
我若是一朵轻捷的浮云能和你同飞,
我若是一片落叶,你所能提携,
我若是一头波浪能喘息于你的神威,
If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear;
If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee;
A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share
分享你雄强的脉搏,自由不羁,
仅次于,哦,仅次于不可控制的你,
我若能象少年时,作为伴侣,
The impulse of thy strength, only less free
Than thou, O uncontrollable! if even
I were as in my boyhood, and could be
随你同游天际,因为在那时节,
似乎超越你天界的神速也不为奇迹;
我也就不至于象现在这样急切,
The comrade of thy wanderings over heaven,
As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speed
Scarce seem'd a vision-I would ne'er have striven
向你苦苦祈求。哦,快把我扬起,
就象你扬起的波浪、浮云、落叶!
我倾覆于人生的荆棘!我在流血!
As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need.
O! lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud!
I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!
岁月的重负压制着的这一个太象你,
象你一样,骄傲,不驯,而且敏捷。
A heavy weight of hours has chain'd and bow'd
One too like thee-tameless, and swift, and proud.
五  V
象你以森林演奏,请你也以我为琴,
哪怕我的叶片也象森林一样凋谢!
你那非凡和谐的慷慨激越之情,
Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is:
What if my leaves are falling like its own?
The tumult of thy mighty harmonies
定能从森林和我同奏出深沉的秋乐,
悲怆却又甘洌。但愿你勇猛的精灵
竟是我的魂魄,我能成为剽悍的你!
Will take from both a deep autumnal tone,
Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce,
My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!
请把我枯萎的思绪播送宇宙,
就象你驱遣落叶催促新的生命,
请凭借我这韵文写就的符咒,
Drive my dead thoughts over the universe,
Like wither'd leaves, to quicken a new birth;
And, by the incantation of this verse,
就象从未灭的余烬扬出炉灰和火星,
把我的话语传遍天地间万户千家,
通过我的嘴唇,向沉睡未醒的人境,
Scatter, as from an unextinguish'd hearth
Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind!
Be through my lips to unawaken'd earth
让预言的号角奏鸣!哦,风啊,
如果冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,
If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
【赏析】
《西风颂》雪莱“三大颂”诗歌中的一首,写于1819年。这时诗人正旅居意大利,处于创作的高峰期。这首诗可以说是诗人“骄傲、轻捷而不驯的灵魂”的自白,是时代精神的写照。诗人凭借自己的诗才,借助自然的精灵让自己的生命与鼓荡的西风相呼相应,用气势恢宏的篇章唱出了生命的旋律和心灵的狂舞。
诗共分5节,前3节写“西风”。那狂烈的西风,它的威力可以将一切腐朽的生命扯碎,天空在它的呼啸中战栗着。看吧!那狂暴犹如狂女的头发,在天地间摇曳,布满整个宇宙;那黑夜中浓浓的无边际的神秘,是西风力量的凝结;那黑色的雨、冰雹和火焰是它的帮手。这力量足以打破一切。
在秋天,西风狂暴地将陈腐的生命吹去,以横扫千军之势除去没有生机的枯叶,吹去那痨病似的生命。然而,它没有残杀一粒生命。它要将种子放进冬天深深的心中,在那里生根发芽,埋下春的信息。然后,西风吹响春的号角,让碧绿、香气布满大地,让它们随着西风运行的足迹四处传播。经过西风的破坏和培育,生命在旺盛地生长;那景象、那迷人的芳香在迅速地蔓延着,那污浊的、残破的东西已奄奄一息,在海底战栗着。
诗人用优美而蓬勃的想象写出了西风的形象。那气势恢宏的诗句,强烈撼人的激情把西风的狂烈、急于扫除旧世界创造新世界的形象展现在人们面前。诗中比喻奇特,形象鲜明,枯叶的腐朽、狂女的头发、黑色的雨、夜的世界无不深深地震撼着人们的心灵。
诗歌的后两段写诗人与西风的应和。“我跌在生活底荆棘上,我流血了!”这令人心碎的诗句道出了诗人不羁心灵的创伤。尽管如此,诗人愿意被西风吹拂,愿意自己即将逝去的生命在被撕碎的瞬间感受到西风的精神,西风的气息;诗人愿奉献自己的一切,为即将到来的春天奉献。在诗的结尾,诗人以预言家的口吻高喊:
“要是冬天已经来了,西风呵,春日怎能遥远?”
这里,西风已经成了一种象征,它是一种无处不在的宇宙精神,一种打破旧世界,追求新世界的西风精神。诗人以西风自喻,表达了自己对生活的信念和向旧世界宣战的决心。
印度小夜曲
The Indian Serenade
在夜晚第一度香甜的睡眠里,
从梦见你的梦中起身下了地,
习习的夜风正轻轻地吹,
灿烂的星星闪耀着光辉;
从梦见你的梦中起身下了地,
有个精灵附在我的脚底,
引导着我,哦,不可思议,
来到你的纱窗下,亲爱的!
I arise from dreams of thee
In the first sweet sleep of night,
When the winds are breathing low,
And the stars are shining bright
I arise from dreams of thee,
And a spirit in my feet
Hath led me--who knows how?
To thy chamber window, Sweet!
四处游荡的乐声已疲惫,
湮没在幽暗静寂的清溪---
金香木的芳馨已经消逝,
就象梦中那甜美的情思;
夜莺一声声泣血的怨啼
已在她的心底盍然死去---
我的生命也必将在你的心上停熄,
因为,哦,我所热爱的只是你!
The wandering airs they faint
On the dark, the silent stream--
The champak odors fail
Like sweet thoughts in a dream;
The nightingale's complaint,
It dies upon her heart;
As I must on thine,
Oh, beloved as thou art!
哦,请快把我从茵草地上扶起,
我气息奄奄,神智昏迷,衰竭无力!
让你的爱在吻的密雨里降落,
降落在我苍白的嘴唇和眼皮;
我的面颊已经冰凉,惨淡无血!
我的心脏音响沉重,跳动迅疾---
哦,再一次把它拥紧在你的心窝,
它终将在你的心窝里碎裂。
O lift me from the grass!
die! I faint! I fail!
Let thy love in kisses rain
On my lips andeyelids pale.
My cheek is cold and white, alas!
My heart beats loud and fast;--
Oh! press it to thine own again,
Where it will break at last.
爱底哲学
Love's Philosophy
泉水总是向河水汇流,
河水又汇入海中,
天宇的轻风永远融有
一种甜蜜的感情;
世上哪有什么孤零零?
万物由于自然律
都必融汇于一种精神。
何以你我却独异?
The fountains mingle with the river,
And the rivers with the ocean;
The winds of heaven mix forever
With a sweet emotion;
Nothing in the world is single;
All things by a law divine
In another's being mingle---
Why not I with thine?
你看高山在吻着碧空,
波浪也相互拥抱;
谁曾见花儿彼此不容:
姊妹把弟兄轻蔑?
阳光紧紧地拥抱大地,
月光在吻着海波:
但这些接吻又有何益,
要是你不肯吻我?
See, the mountains kiss high heaven,
And the waves clasp one another;
No sister flower could be forgiven
If it disdained its brother;
And the sunlight clasps the earth,
And the moonbeams kiss the sea;--
What is all this sweet work worth,
If thou kiss not me?
1819年
查良铮 译
爱的哲学

出山的泉水与江河汇流,
江河又与海洋相遇。
天空里风与风互相渗透,
融洽于甜蜜的深情。
万物遵循同一条神圣法则,
在同一精神中会合;
世界上一切都无独有偶,
为什么我和你却否?

看高高的山峰亲吻蓝空,
波浪和波浪相抱相拥,
没有一朵姐妹花会被宽容,
如果竟轻视她的弟兄;
灿烂的阳光抚抱大地,
明丽的月华亲吻海波,
一切甜美的天工有何价值,
如果,你不吻我?
(江枫 译)
自 由 颂
然而,自由,然而,你的旗帜,虽破碎,
却依旧飘扬,似雷霆暴雨,迎风激荡。
----拜 伦
Yet, Freedom, yet, thy banner, torn but flying,
Streams like a thunder-storm against the wind.-BYRON.

一个光荣的民族,又一次制动
各族人民的雷电:在西班牙
从城堡到城堡,从心灵到心灵,
自由的明光迸发,漫天喷撒
富有感染力的烈火。我的灵魂
把惊恐的链索抛弃,
展开歌声敏捷的羽翼,
(像年轻的鹰,在朝霞中翱翔,)
庄严而坚强,在诗的韵律中,
在惯常的猎物上空盘旋;
直到精神的旋风,从荣誉之天
把它摄引,以生气蓬勃的火焰
充满太空的遥远星球,似飞舟激起浪花,
从背后把光芒投射。天宇深处
传来悠扬歌声,我将如实记录。
A glorious people vibrated again
The lightning of the nations: Liberty
From heart to heart, from tower to tower, o’er Spain,
Scattering contagious fire into the sky,
Gleamed. My soul spurned the chains of its dismay,
And in the rapid plumes of song
Clothed itself, sublime and strong;
As a young eagle soars the morning clouds among,
Hovering inverse o’er its accustomed prey;
Till from its station in the Heaven of fame
The Spirit’s whirlwind rapped it, and the ray
Of the remotest sphere of living flame
Which paves the void was from behind it flung,
As foam from a ship’s swiftness, when there came
A voice out of the deep: I will record the same.

“太阳和恬静的月亮赫然出现,
燃烧在深渊的星星升入
苍天深处。这奇妙的地球
--天体海洋的岛屿,
在支持万物的大气云雾中悬浮。
但是这时,神圣的宇宙
仍然是混乱和灾难的渊薮,
因为你尚未诞生; 只有以恶造恶的暴力,
走兽,飞禽和水族的精神
已经像是点燃的火种,
无尽无休的战争在他们之间进行,
绝望,盘踞在他们内心。
他们被蹂躏的养母,发出痛苦的呻吟,
哀叹着兽与兽,虫与虫,人与人厮杀不已,
每一颗心是一座充满狂风暴雨的地狱。
The Sun and the serenest Moon sprang forth:
The burning stars of the abyss were hurled
Into the depths of Heaven. The daedal earth,
That island in the ocean of the world,
Hung in its cloud of all-sustaining air:
But this divinest universe
Was yet a chaos and a curse,
For thou wert not: but, power from worst producing worse,
The spirit of the beasts was kindled there,
And of the birds, and of the watery forms,
And there was war among them, and despair
Within them, raging without truce or terms:
The bosom of their violated nurse
Groaned, for beasts warred on beasts, and worms on worms,
And men on men; each heart was as a hell of storms.

“这时,人,这庄严的形体,
在阳光灿烂的天宇下生儿育女;
对于芸芸众生,亿万生灵,
宫殿,庙堂,陵墓和监狱
还只像是山狼破敝的巢穴。
生息不已的广大人类,
野蛮,粗暴,诡谲而愚昧,
因为你尚未诞生; 在这万姓麇集的荒原,
像狰狞的乌云笼罩着空旷的荒原,
专制的暴政高悬在上:封神的瘟疫姑娘:
依仗金钱和鲜血维持生命,
血腥和铜臭浸透灵魂的教士和暴君
则从四面八方把那受惊的人群
驱赶进她那宽阔翅膀的阴影。
Man, the imperial shape, then multiplied
His generations under the pavilion
Of the Sun’s throne: palace and pyramid,
Temple and prison, to many a swarming million
Were, as to mountain-wolves their ragged caves.
This human living multitude
Was savage, cunning, blind, and rude,
For thou wert not; but o’er the populous solitude,
Like one fierce cloud over a waste of waves,
Hung Tyranny; beneath, sate deified
The sister-pest, congregator of slaves;
Into the shadow of her pinions wide
Anarchs and priests, who feed on gold and blood
Till with the stain their inmost souls are dyed,
Drove the astonished herds of men from every side.

“希腊颠荡的海岬,蓝色的海岛,
浮云似的山峦,偶然掀起的波涛,
都沐浴着慈惠苍天开朗的微笑,
荣光闪耀; 从他们灵感的孔窍,
预言的回音发出了隐约朦胧的韵调。
在无忧无虑的原始荒郊,
适口的橄榄,谷物,葡萄,
尚未驯服于人的食用,还在野生野长;
但是,像海底含苞待放的蓓蕾,
像潜伏婴儿大脑的成人智慧,
像蕴含着未来的一切,不朽的艺术之梦
尚为派洛斯丰盛的大理石矿脉隐蔽;
诗,还是不善辞令,呀呀学语的孩童,
哲学,已为寻找你的形影而努力张望,
睁大永不闭阖的眼睛; 这时爱情海上
The nodding promontories, and blue isles,
And cloud-like mountains, and dividuous waves
Of Greece, basked glorious in the open smiles
Of favouring Heaven: from their enchanted caves
Prophetic echoes flung dim melody.
On the unapprehensive wild
The vine, the corn, the olive mild,
Grew savage yet, to human use unreconciled;
And, like unfolded flowers beneath the sea,
Like the man’s thought dark in the infant’s brain,
Like aught that is which wraps what is to be,
Art’s deathless dreams lay veiled by many a vein
Of Parian stone; and, yet a speechless child,
Verse murmured, and Philosophy did strain
Her lidless eyes for thee; when o’er the Aegean main

“兴起了雅典---壮丽的城邦,
仿佛要嘲弄最杰出的建筑工匠,
矗立在紫色山崖的基石之上,
白云雉堞,银色塔堡,像梦幻一样,
万顷碧波铺地,屋宇是暮色中的穹苍,
门廊里驻守着一群
腰间束着雷霆的暴风,
头枕云霓的翅膀,额上的花冠燃烧着
太阳的烈火,啊,神圣的工程!
而更为神圣的雅典,柱石巍峨,
矗立于人的意志,有如矗立于钻石山岭,
因为你已诞生。你万能的创造技巧
以不朽的大理石仿造了不朽死者的形象,
不朽的形象布满了那座山岗,
你最早的宝座,最近的宣谕殿堂。
Athens arose: a city such as vision
Builds from the purple crags and silver towers
Of battlemented cloud, as in derision
Of kingliest masonry: the ocean-floors
Pave it; the evening sky pavilions it;
Its portals are inhabited
By thunder-zoned winds, each head
Within its cloudy wings with sun-fire garlanded,-
A divine work! Athens, diviner yet,
Gleamed with its crest of columns, on the will
Of man, as on a mount of diamond, set;
For thou wert, and thine all-creative skill
Peopled, with forms that mock the eternal dead
In marble immortality, that hill
Which was thine earliest throne and latest oracle.

“在飞逝而去的时间激流波涛表面,
至今仍浮现着它那布满皱纹的容颜,
一如当年,永不安定,永远抖颤,
但是永不会消失,常留在人间。
你的贤哲和诗人,他们的语声歌声,
似雷霆挟着揭地掀天的暴风
穿越过昨日的洞穴轰鸣至今,
使压迫惊慌退缩,使宗教蒙上眼睛;
似充满欢乐,新颖和爱的乐曲飘扬,
冲破了时间和空间的帷幕,
在期望也未到达过的高空飞翔!
似海洋哺育河川,云雾和雨露,
似太阳把天廷照亮,似那伟大的宇宙精神
用生命,用爱使混沌的世界永葆青春,
雅典用你的喜悦使人间焕然一新。
Within the surface of Time’s fleeting river
Its wrinkled image lies, as then it lay
Immovably unquiet, and for ever
It trembles, but it cannot pass away!
The voices of thy bards and sages thunder
With an earth-awakening blast
Through the caverns of the past:
(Religion veils her eyes; Oppression shrinks aghast:)
A winged sound of joy, and love, and wonder,
Which soars where Expectation never flew,
Rending the veil of space and time asunder!
One ocean feeds the clouds, and streams, and dew;
One Sun illumines Heaven; one Spirit vast
With life and love makes chaos ever new,
As Athens doth the world with thy delight renew.

“而后罗马诞生,像幼狼就哺于
加得穆斯的女祭司,从你美妙的乳房
吮吸伟大的乳浆,和你最钟爱的
尚未断奶的幼儿一同分享天国的营养;
许多恐怖的正义事业,由于你的眷爱,
获得了神圣的地位和尊严;
沐浴着你的笑容,在你身边,
迦弥拉一生圣洁,阿蒂留死得坚毅。
而当泪水染污了你白的贞洁,
黄金亵渎了卡匹托林山上你的王位,
你便凭借神灵羽的轻捷,
弃主们的元老院而去,
他们已为一个主的卑微奴隶。
帕拉亭山以叹息模仿着艾奥尼亚的歌曲,
你曾留步谛停听,但又悲声否认它属于你。
Then Rome was, and from thy deep bosom fairest,
Like a wolf-cub from a Cadmaean Maenad,
She drew the milk of greatness, though thy dearest
From that Elysian food was yet unweaned;
And many a deed of terrible uprightness
By thy sweet love was sanctified;
And in thy smile, and by thy side,
Saintly Camillus lived, and firm Atilius died.
But when tears stained thy robe of vestal-whiteness,
And gold profaned thy Capitolian throne,
Thou didst desert, with spirit-winged lightness,
The senate of the tyrants: they sunk prone
Slaves of one tyrant: Palatinus sighed
Faint echoes of Ionian song; that tone
Thou didst delay to hear, lamenting to disown

“是从北冰洋上哪一处松林覆盖的地角,
是从里海边哪一条冰封的山峦或山坳,
是从哪一座人迹难以到达的远方小岛,
你为你王朝的覆灭发出悲痛的哀悼,
教导丛,波涛,沙漠的岩石和陆礁
和水神的每一口阴冷的水瓮,
以悲怆但又十分坚定的回声
谈说人们竟敢忘怀的庄严崇高的古风遗教?
因为你既不理会北欧诗人梦中神奇的羊,
也没有出现在克尔特巫师的睡乡,
纵然掠过你蓬乱的发卷如雨落下的泪水
转瞬间也就干燥,那又何妨?
因为当加利利之蛇从死海爬来屠杀,焚烧,
使你的世界化为形迹模糊的一片,
你并不哭泣,虽然你痛苦地哀叹。
From what Hyrcanian glen or frozen hill,
Or piny promontory of the Arctic main,
Or utmost islet inaccessible,
Didst thou lament the ruin of thy reign,
Teaching the woods and waves, and desert rocks,
And every Naiad’s ice-cold urn,
To talk in echoes sad and stern
Of that sublimest lore which man had dared unlearn?
For neither didst thou watch the wizard flocks
Of the Scald’s dreams, nor haunt the Druid’s sleep.
What if the tears rained through thy shattered locks
Were quickly dried? for thou didst groan, not weep,
When from its sea of death, to kill and burn,
The Galilean serpent forth did creep,
And made thy world an undistinguishable heap.

“整整一千年,大地在呼问,‘你在何方?'
然后,你的姗姗迟来的影子才落到
橄榄枝圈饰的撒克逊艾佛烈的头上;
落到许多个勇士聚居着的城堡。
它们像烈火从海底拥起的一座座山岗,
崛起在神圣的意大利,
楼塔轩昂,器宇宏伟,
横眉冷对君王,主教和奴隶汇成的海洋;
形形色色的暴政从四面八方袭来汹涌如潮,
遇到它们的城墙,便似无力的泡沫一般,
而发自人类精神深处的新颖曲调,
已经以爱和凛然不可侵犯的威严
使杂乱的五合之众目瞪口呆; 不朽的艺术
又用神奇的魔杖在我们的家园勾划图样,
以便在尘世建造起天国永久的殿堂。
A thousand years the Earth cried, ‘Where art thou?’
And then the shadow of thy coming fell
On Saxon Alfred’s olive-cinctured brow:
And many a warrior-peopled citadel.
Like rocks which fire lifts out of the flat deep,
Arose in sacred Italy,
Frowning o’er the tempestuous sea
Of kings, and priests, and slaves, in tower-crowned majesty;
That multitudinous anarchy did sweep
And burst around their walls, like idle foam,
Whilst from the human spirit’s deepest deep
Strange melody with love and awe struck dumb
Dissonant arms; and Art, which cannot die,
With divine wand traced on our earthly home
Fit imagery to pave Heaven’s everlasting dome.

“你啊,比月神更为矫捷的猎者! 你啊
人世豺狼的灾星! 你箭袋中的利箭
像阳光,可以射穿以暴风为翅膀的乖谬,
就像白昼的明光能把平静的东方
开始分崩离稀释的一片片浮云射透!
路德领悟了你的召唤的目光,
这目观似闪电从他沉重的矛上
反射到四面八方,使那些就像坟墓
困惑着各民族的虚幻假象瓦解冰释;
英格兰的先知以他们奔流不息
但又永不会消逝的歌声欢呼过你,
像欢呼自己的女王! 你的形迹
也没有避过弥尔顿的精神的视野:
在悲苦的境遇里,露出忧郁的面容,
透过他的黑夜,见到了你的行踪。
Thou huntress swifter than the Moon! thou terror
Of the world’s wolves! thou bearer of the quiver,
Whose sunlike shafts pierce tempest-winged Error,
As light may pierce the clouds when they dissever
In the calm regions of the orient day!
Luther caught thy wakening glance;
Like lightning, from his leaden lance
Reflected, it dissolved the visions of the trance
In which, as in a tomb, the nations lay;
And England’s prophets hailed thee as their queen,
In songs whose music cannot pass away,
Though it must flow forever: not unseen
Before the spirit-sighted countenance
Of Milton didst thou pass, from the sad scene
Beyond whose night he saw, with a dejected mien.
一一
“虽不及待的时辰,殷勤热切的年岁,
仿佛站在曙光初照的山岗,
顿着脚要使喧闹的希望和忧虑闭嘴,
各以自己众多的数量胜过对方,
并且高声呼唤着:‘自由! 愤怒,
从她的洞穴里回答怜悯,
死亡在坟墓里脸色发青,
荒凉向破坏者号叫着:救命! 当你
像为自己的荣光笼罩的太阳一样升起,
从国家到国家,从一方到另一方,
像驱赶黑影,追逐你的仇敌;
仿佛在西方的汹涌波涛之上
日光撕裂了睡梦中的午夜天宇,
人们突然被你陌生眼睛的电光惊醒,
怀着惊喜的心情,踉跄着迈步前进。
The eager hours and unreluctant years
As on a dawn-illumined mountain stood.
Trampling to silence their loud hopes and fears,
Darkening each other with their multitude,
And cried aloud, ‘Liberty!’ Indignation
Answered Pity from her cave;
Death grew pale within the grave,
And Desolation howled to the destroyer, Save!
When like Heaven’s Sun girt by the exhalation
Of its own glorious light, thou didst arise.
Chasing thy foes from nation unto nation
Like shadows: as if day had cloven the skies
At dreaming midnight o’er the western wave,
Men started, staggering with a glad surprise,
Under the lightnings of thine unfamiliar eyes.
一二
“你啊,地上的天堂! 究竟是什么符咒,
曾能用不祥的阴影把你蒙蔽?
从压迫的巢穴粪土中诞生的一千个年头,
用血和泪玷污了你晶莹的明辉,
直到你的美妙的群星得以把污点哭去;
多么像是嗜血的酒徒----
毁灭的手执王笏的奴仆,
愚蠢的头戴主教冠的后裔,在阴森的酿酒期,
围困着法兰西! 这时,和他们相似
却更强有力,凭借你被迷惑的威力,
一个暴君崛起,于是军队和军队混战,
似遮蔽恬静天宇的乌云互相堆积。
虽然迫于过去的迫逼,他已和死去的人们
一同沉睡,但是那些难望时日的阴魂,
至今仍使古堡中得胜了的君王心惊。
Thou Heaven of earth! what spells could pall thee then
In ominous eclipse? a thousand years
Bred from the slime of deep Oppression’s den.
Dyed all thy liquid light with blood and tears.
Till thy sweet stars could weep the stain away;
How like Bacchanals of blood
Round France, the ghastly vintage, stood
Destruction’s sceptred slaves, and Folly’s mitred brood!
When one, like them, but mightier far than they,
The Anarch of thine own bewildered powers,
Rose: armies mingled in obscure array,
Like clouds with clouds, darkening the sacred bowers
Of serene Heaven. He, by the past pursued,
Rests with those dead, but unforgotten hours,
Whose ghosts scare victor kings in their ancestral towers.
一三
“英格兰还在睡:难道不曾有谁呼唤过她?
如今西班牙在呼唤她,像维苏威
要用尖锐的雷声去唤醒埃特纳,
它的回答把积雪的山崖粉碎:
在波光粼粼的海面,从皮塞库萨
到佩勒鲁斯,每一座希腊海岛
欢呼跳跃,在合唱声中光芒远照:
它们高呼:‘灭了吧,高悬顶空的天庭明灯!'
她的链条是金线,只须她一笑,
就会融化掉; 西班牙的却是坚钢,
要粉碎须用至善和正义的锋利锉刀。
同一命运的孪生姐妹,去求助西方,
向在茫茫西方君临我们的永恒的年岁求告;
以你们所想过,所做到的一切,像用印章,
以时间不敢隐藏的一切印在我们心上。
England yet sleeps: was she not called of old?
Spain calls her now, as with its thrilling thunder
Vesuvius wakens Aetna, and the cold
Snow-crags by its reply are cloven in sunder:
O’er the lit waves every Aeolian isle
From Pithecusa to Pelorus
Howls, and leaps, and glares in chorus:
They cry, ‘Be dim; ye lamps of Heaven suspended o’er us!’
Her chains are threads of gold, she need but smile
And they dissolve; but Spain’s were links of steel,
Till bit to dust by virtue’s keenest file.
Twins of a single destiny! appeal
To the eternal years enthroned before us
In the dim West; impress us from a seal,
All ye have thought and done! Time cannot dare conceal.
一四
“阿弥纽斯的坟墓! 请把你的死者高举,
愿他的灵魂像哨楼的旌旗招展,
在暴君的头顶上空迎风飘舞;
啊,为君主所欺骗的日耳曼,
痛饮真理神秘之酒的狂徒,
他的墓志铭应该是你的胜利!
他死去的精神正活在你的躯体。
我们何必又期望又担忧? 你已自由!
你啊,这光融神圣世界的失乐园!
你啊,鲜花怒放的荒芜大地!
你啊,永恒的岛! 你啊,又是祭坛,
荒凉正在这里披着美的外衣,
向昨日之你膜拜顶礼! 喔,意大利,
快振作起你的血气! 把那些以你
神圣的殿堂为巢穴的兽类赶出去。
Tomb of Arminius! render up thy dead
Till, like a standard from a watch-tower’s staff,
His soul may stream over the tyrant’s head;
Thy victory shall be his epitaph,
Wild Bacchanal of truth’s mysterious wine,
King-deluded Germany,
His dead spirit lives in thee.
Why do we fear or hope? thou art already free!
And thou, lost Paradise of this divine
And glorious world! thou flowery wilderness!
Thou island of eternity! thou shrine
Where Desolation, clothed with loveliness,
Worships the thing thou wert! O Italy,
Gather thy blood into thy heart; repress
The beasts who make their dens thy sacred palaces.
一五
“喔,愿自由的人把君王这邪恶的名义
踏入粪土! 也可以就写在那里,
让这荣誉篇章上的污点有如蛇行遗迹,
任轻风去擦拭,平沙使它湮灭!
你们,已听到那庄严睿智的神谕:
快举起闪耀胜利光辉的剑
斩断这腐朽而且邪恶的字眼
所构成的蛇结,这个字本身虽然无力
像残秸断梗一样脆弱,却可以
把震慑人类的棍棒和斧钺
结成无可辨驳是强有力的集合体:
它的声音就有毒,会引起疫病,
这就是使生活腐败,污浊,可憎的病原体,
你不该不屑于在命定的时日,用你
武装的脚踵踏死这不甘灭亡的虫豸。
Oh, that the free would stamp the impious name
Of KING into the dust! or write it there,
So that this blot upon the page of fame
Were as a serpent’s path, which the light air
Erases, and the flat sands close behind!
Ye the oracle have heard:
Lift the victory-flashing sword.
And cut the snaky knots of this foul gordian word,
Which, weak itself as stubble, yet can bind
Into a mass, irrefragably firm,
The axes and the rods which awe mankind;
The sound has poison in it, ’tis the sperm
Of what makes life foul, cankerous, and abhorred;
Disdain not thou, at thine appointed term,
To set thine armed heel on this reluctant worm.
一六
“喔,但愿智者以他们光辉的头脑,
点燃这阴暗世界穹庐的明灯,
以便使教士这苍白阴森的名号
----恶魔对人类的傲慢的愚弄,
退缩回去,回到它在地狱的老巢:
直到人类的各种思想终于可能
独自跪拜在自己无畏的灵魂
那至尊的理性的宝座前听候裁判;
像从明净的湖泊升起闪光的水珠
形成云雾的把苍天的蓝色容貌遮住,
来自思想的言词也常使思想模糊,
喔,剥去隐蔽真面目的那层纱幕,
和一切不属于它们的光,色,忧容和笑颜,
直到真伪都赤裸着面对自己的真主,
领受他们各自所应得到的一份褒贬。
Oh, that the wise from their bright minds would kindle
Such lamps within the dome of this dim world,
That the pale name of PRIEST might shrink and dwindle
Into the hell from which it first was hurled,
A scoff of impious pride from fiends impure;
Till human thoughts might kneel alone,
Each before the judgement-throne
Of its own aweless soul, or of the Power unknown!
Oh, that the words which make the thoughts obscure
From which they spring, as clouds of glimmering dew
From a white lake blot Heaven’s blue portraiture,
Were stripped of their thin masks and various hue
And frowns and smiles and splendours not their own,
Till in the nakedness of false and true
They stand before their Lord, each to receive its due!
一七
“有人曾教导人类,要征服
从摇篮到坟墓途中的任何事物,
他把人类尊为生活的真主,
喔,这也于事无补! 假如
他由衷拥戴压迫,甘心为奴。
即使大地物产丰富,
能使亿万人衣丰食足,
思想孕育着力量,像树种孕育着树木;
即使那热心的工艺拍舞着火焰的羽翎,
飞往自然的宝座代为恳诉,
扯住那俯身受扶的伟大母亲,
祈求她:‘给我,给你的儿女,
支配天上地下的全部权力',那又能怎样?
如果生活制造新的贫困,劳苦的人们有一份收入,
就被一千倍地夺走你和工艺所给的馈赠和财富!
He who taught man to vanquish whatsoever
Can be between the cradle and the grave
Crowned him the King of Life. Oh, vain endeavour!
If on his own high will, a willing slave,
He has enthroned the oppression and the oppressor
What if earth can clothe and feed
Amplest millions at their need,
And power in thought be as the tree within the seed?
Or what if Art, an ardent intercessor,
Driving on fiery wings to Nature’s throne,
Checks the great mother stooping to caress her,
And cries: ‘Give me, thy child, dominion
Over all height and depth’? if Life can breed
New wants, and wealth from those who toil and groan,
Rend of thy gifts and hers a thousandfold for one!
一八
“来吧,但是,请像启明召请太阳
升出黎明的海洋,请引导智慧
走出人类精神至深处的内在心房。
我已听她的车辇,旌旗翻飞,
像彩云驾驭着焰火在空中飞航;
她,和你们----永恒思想的主宰,
是不是来用庄严的真理
裁判这分配不当的人生安排?
普遍的爱,平等的正义,
未来的希望,过去的荣誉!
喔,自由! 如果这能够成为你的名字,
你是否离得开他们,他们是否离得开你;
如果你和他们的珍宝可以用血泪购买,
难道那明智而自由的人们不是已经
流出了眼泪和眼泪一样的血?” ----庄严的歌声
Come thou, but lead out of the inmost cave
Of man’s deep spirit, as the morning-star
Beckons the Sun from the Eoan wave,
Wisdom. I hear the pennons of her car
Self-moving, like cloud charioted by flame;
Comes she not, and come ye not,
Rulers of eternal thought,
To judge, with solemn truth, life’s ill-apportioned lot?
Blind Love, and equal Justice, and the Fame
Of what has been, the Hope of what will be?
O Liberty! if such could be thy name
Wert thou disjoined from these, or they from thee:
If thine or theirs were treasures to be bought
By blood or tears, have not the wise and free
Wept tears, and blood like tears?-The solemn harmony
一九
到此中断,那歌唱的精灵
突然回到它的深渊;
于是,像一只野天鹅正迎着黎明
穿过雷烟,沿着自己的航线,
在高空飞行,突然被电火击中,
便穿过金光,坠落地上,
地面发出沉闷的反响;
像夏季的云卸尽满载的雨水而消失形迹,
像远方的烛光随同夜尽而熄灭,
像短命的昆虫随同逝去的一天死亡,----
我的歌由于翅膀无力而停歇,
曾支持它飞翔的伟大声音的回响
消失在远方上空,像刚为泅渡者铺路的海水
在汹涌起伏的波涛中已把他溺毙,
在被淹没的头颅周围发出咝咝的声息。
Paused, and the Spirit of that mighty singing
To its abyss was suddenly withdrawn;
Then, as a wild swan, when sublimely winging
Its path athwart the thunder-smoke of dawn,
Sinks headlong through the aereal golden light
On the heavy-sounding plain,
When the bolt has pierced its brain;
As summer clouds dissolve, unburthened of their rain;
As a far taper fades with fading night,
As a brief insect dies with dying day,
My song, its pinions disarrayed of might,
Drooped; o’er it closed the echoes far away
Of the great voice which did its flight sustain,
As waves which lately paved his watery way
Hiss round a drowner’s head in their tempestuous play.
1820 年 初
江 枫译
【注释】
自由颂:西班牙人民在利阿戈和吉罗加的领导下起义,在一八二○年迫使专制国王菲迪南给予人民权利,实行宪法。雪莱的这首诗就是由这一辉煌的历史事件引起的。它可以称为哲理颂诗。它从万物肇始说起,首先否定了卢骚所
歌颂的“自然状态”,认为世界的原始时期是“一片混沌和诅咒”,接着叙述历史发展的大致情况,指出“自由”是判断光明与黑暗的尺度。诗人看到自由的精神首先降落在希腊和雅典,因而它们的成就是不朽的;罗马在被黄金渎污了它的神殿以前,也一度感受到自由的精神。以后基督教兴起,自由消失了一千年,文艺复兴才又把它带到人间,各国都曾看到它而又失去了它;而现在,西班牙点起自由的火炬,希腊也苏醒了,诗人乃号召英国、德国和意大利起来反抗国王和教会。
培罗斯:希腊塞克来狄斯群岛之一,以产大理石著名。
卡德摩斯:希腊神话,忒拜王卡德摩斯的女儿塞墨勒为主神宙斯所恋,因她要求宙斯原形显现,而被雷火焚死。遗一子即酒神狄俄倪索斯。此处狼子或指酒神(性残酷)。
卡米拉:公元前五至四世纪的罗马贵族,他屡次率领罗马人打败侵略者。阿蒂利亚即雷古拉,公元前三世纪罗马的执政官,他被迦太基人所俘,后来迦太基欲和罗马讲和,派他与使节同去,如讲和成功,即可将他释放,但他抵罗马后,仍劝罗马继续作战,终于自动回返迦太基的囚禁中,而被杀死。
帕拉丁:帕拉丁,罗马最高的一个山丘。
爱奥尼亚:小亚细亚一带地方,古希腊属地。
赫凯尼亚:古波斯地名。
朱伊德:古高卢及英国等地僧侣的一个支派。这里指:在中世纪,北欧歌者及僧侣文学已不再歌唱自由。
加利利:《圣经》上常见的地名,附近有一湖,称为加利利海,“加利利的蛇”似指基督教会。
阿弗瑞德(849-901):西萨克逊族的国王,以开明及热心发展文学著称。
马丁·路德(1483-1546):德国宗教改革家。
约翰·弥尔顿(1608-1674):英国诗人,也是竭力拥护英国资产阶级革命的政论家。他于目盲后写出了《失乐园》等诗。
力量的化身:指拿破仑。
维苏威:维苏威是那不勒斯的火山。伊特纳是西西里的火山。
彼色久莎和彼罗拉:希腊的岛屿名。
同一宿命的姊妹:指西班牙和希腊。向“遥远的西方”求援,或指向当时推翻帝制的美国求援。
阿敏纳斯(公元前17?-公元21):德国民族英雄,他曾屡次率众抵抗罗马大军,使之不得侵入德国腹地。本节写德国和意大利。
高迪阿:古扶里吉亚(今小亚细亚)国王,他系了一个复杂的纽结,预言说,谁能解开这个纽结,便能成为亚洲的君主。亚历山大王用剑斩断了它。
伊奥:希腊神话中是司晨曦的女神。
两个国君:指“自由”和“智慧”。

我为了干渴的花朵送去甘霖,
从海洋与河流;
我给绿叶带来凉爽的庇荫,
当它们做午梦的时候。
从我的翅膀上摇落滴滴水珠,
洒醒每一颗蓓蕾,
当它们的母亲向着太阳跳舞,
它们在她怀里安睡。
我挥动猛烈冰雹的打禾棒,
给底下的绿野涂上白粉;
然后再用雨水把它洗光,
我还一路响着轰雷般的笑声。
我筛落雪花到下界的山林,
山上巨松惊慌地号叫,
积雪是我晚期柔软的白枕,
当我睡于风雪的怀抱。
在我摩天高楼的最高一层,
坐着闪电,我的向导;
雷雨却在底下的洞里被囚禁,
咆哮,挣扎得不可开交
闪电温和地带领我
在陆地与海洋的上空飞舞;
行动在紫色海洋深底的精灵
用爱情把他诱惑;
他引导我经过岩石、山峦和溪涧,
经过湖泊和旷野,
不论他在何处作梦,在山下或水边,
他所爱的精灵就在徘徊,
我却总是在蓝天的微笑里沉湎,
当他溶化成为雨水。
当晨星的光芒隐熄,
鲜红的旭日睁着亮眼,舒展出一身火红的羽翼,
跳到我飘荡的轻雾后边,
像地震摇撼着一座山岳时,
在一块山岩的尖顶上,
老鹰飞来作片刻的栖息,
它的羽翼发出闪闪金光。
当落日从它身下燃烧着的海洋
散发安息和爱情的光华,
从这海岬到那海岬,像大桥横跨天上,
在狂涛恶浪的海洋的上空,
我也像一个屋顶高顶高悬,遮住阳光,
擎住屋顶的圆柱则是群峰。
我浩浩荡荡地经过的凯旋门,
就是那五色缤纷的长虹,
我的战车后绑着被我俘虏的精灵;
太空的火焰,雪片和暴风;
火一般的日球在我头上乡锦。
润湿的大地在我身下露出笑容。
我本身是土地和水的亲生女,
天空是我的乳娘;
我从海和随的毛孔中来去,
我变化,但永不会死亡。
海水过去了,天幕光洁异常,
不染丝毫的垢尘,
风与笼罩着天宇的日光
就盖成蓝色的空气的穹顶,
我暗暗为我这座空墓而发笑,
从雨水的洞窟,
像婴儿离开子宫,像鬼魂走出墓道,
我又爬起来,拆掉这座空墓。
当黄昏的猩红色的帷幔
从太空深处降下,
我就在空中的巢里休息,合拢翅膀,
像一只孵卵的母鸡,一声不发。
那闪烁着柔辉的圆脸女郎,
世人称她为明月;
夜半的微风把我的羊毛地毯铺在天上,
她闪闪地在这地毯上款步。
她有一双无形的玉足,
那步音只有天使才能听见;
当我蓬帐的薄顶被她踩破,
星星便从她背后探头窥看;
我哈哈笑着看它们像一群金黄的蜜蜂,
乱纷纷地飞散、躲开,
当我在风儿为我搭造的蓬帐上扯开裂缝,
直到字根表的河流、湖泊与大海,
像一片片从我头上掉下的碎的天空,
每一片都涂着月亮和群星的光彩。
我给太阳的宝座围一条火红的缎带,
给月亮围的一条用珍珠缀成;
当旋风把我的旗帜展开,
便显得火山隐约,星星昏沉
云 The Cloud
我为焦渴的鲜花,从河川,从海洋
带来清新的甘霖;
我为绿叶披上淡淡的凉荫,当他们
从我的翅膀上摇落露珠,去唤醒
每一朵香甜的蓓蕾,
当她们的母亲绕太阳旋舞时摇晃着
使她们在怀里入睡。
我挥动冰雹的连枷,把绿色的原野
捶打得有如银装素裹,
再用雨水把冰雪消溶,我轰然大笑,
当我在雷声中走过。
I bring fresh showers for the thirsting flowers,
From the seas and the streams;
I bear light shade for the leaves when laid
In their noonday dreams.
From my wings are shaken the dews that waken
The sweet buds every one,
When rocked to rest on their mother&aposs breast,
As she dances about the sun.
I wield the flail of the lashing hail,
And whiten the green plains under,
And then again I dissolve it in rain,
And laugh as I pass in thunder.
我筛落雪花,洒遍下界的峰岭山峦,
巨松因惊恐而呻吟呼唤;
皑皑的积雪成为我通宵达旦的枕垫,
当我在烈风抚抱下酣眠。
在我那空中楼阁的塔堡上,端坐着
庄严的闪电---我的双手,
下面有个洞穴,雷霆在其中幽囚,
发出一阵阵挣扎怒吼;
越过大地,越过海洋,我的驱手
轻柔地指引着我,
紫色波涛深处的仙女,以她们的爱
在把他的心诱惑;
越过湖泊、河川、平原,越过山崖
和连绵起伏的山岭,
无论他向往何处,他所眷恋的精灵
永远在山底、在水中;
虽然他会在雨水中消溶,我却始终
沐浴着天廷蓝色的笑容。
I sift the snow on the mountains below,
And their great pines groan aghast;
And all the night&apostis my pillow white,
While I sleep in the arms of the blast.
Sublime on the towers of my skiey bowers,
Lightning, my pilot, sits;
In a cavern under is fettered the thunder,
It struggles and howls at fits;
Over earth and ocean, with gentle motion,
This pilot is guiding me,
Lured by the love of the genii that move
In the depths of the purple sea;
Over the rills, and the crags, and the hills,
Over the lakes and the plains,
Wherever he dream, under mountain or stream,
The Spirit he loves remains;
And I all the while bask in Heaven&aposs blue smile,
Whilst he is dissolving in rains.
血红的朝阳,睁开他火球似的眼睛,
当启明熄灭了光辉,
再抖开他烈火熊熊的翎羽,跳上我
扬帆疾驰的飞霞脊背;
象一只飞落的雄鹰,凭借金色的翅膀,
在一座遭遇到地震
摇摆、颤动的陡峭山峰颠顶
停留短暂的一瞬。
当落日从波光粼粼的海面吐露出
渴望爱和休息的热情,
而在上方,黄昏的绯红帷幕也从
天宇的深处降临;
我敛翅安息在空灵的巢内,象白鸽
孵卵时一样安静。
The sanguine Sunrise, with his meteor eyes,
And his burning plumes outspread,
Leaps on the back of my sailing rack,
When the morning star shines dead;
As on the jag of a mountain crag,
Which an earthquake rocks and swings,
An eagle alit one moment may sit
In the light of its golden wings.
And when Sunset may breathe, from the lit sea beneath,
Its ardors of rest and of love,
And the crimson pall of eve may fall
From the depth of Heaven above,
With wings folded I rest, on mine aery nest,
As still as a brooding dove.
焕发着白色火焰的圆脸盘姑娘,
凡人称她为月亮,
朦胧发光,滑行在夜风铺展开的
我的羊毛般的地毯上;
不论她无形的双足在何处轻踏,
轻得只有天使才能听见,
若是把我帐篷顶部的轻罗踏破,
群星便从她身后窥探;
我不禁发笑,看到他们穷奔乱窜,
象拥挤的金蜂一样,
当我撑大我那风造帐篷上的裂缝,
直到宁静的江湖海洋
仿佛是穿过我落下去的一片片天空,
都嵌上这些星星和月亮。
That orbed maiden with white fire laden,
Whom mortals call the Moon,
Glides glimmering o&aposer my fleece-like floor,
By the midnight breezes strewn;
And wherever the beat of her unseen feet,
Which only the angels hear,
May have broken the woof of my tent&aposs thin roof,
The stars peep behind her and peer;
And I laugh to see them whirl and flee,
Like a swarm of golden bees,
When I widen the rent in my wind-built tent,
Till the calm rivers, lakes, and seas,
Like strips of the sky fallen through me on high,
Are each paved with the moon and these.
我用燃烧的缎带缠裹太阳的宝座,
用珠光束腰环抱月亮;
火山黯然失色,群星摇晃、颠簸
当旋风把我的大旗张扬。
从地角到地角,仿佛巨大的长桥,
跨越海洋的汹涌波涛;
我高悬空中,似不透阳光的屋顶,
柱石是崇山峻岭。
我挟带着冰雪、飓风、炽烈的焰火,
穿越过凯旋门拱,
这时,大气的威力挽拽着我的车座,
门拱是气象万千的彩虹;
火的球体在上空编织柔媚的颜色,
湿润的大地绽露笑容。
I bind the Sun&aposs throne with a burning zone,
And the Moon&aposs with a girdle of pearl;
The volcanoes are dim, and the stars reel and swim
When the whirlwinds my banner unfurl.
From cape to cape, with a bridge-like shape,
Over a torrent sea,
Sunbeam-proof, I hang like a roof,--
The mountains its columns be.
The triumphal arch through which I march
With hurricane, fire, and snow,
When the Powers of the air are chained to my chair,
Is the million-colored bow;
The sphere-fire above its soft colors wove,
While the moist Earth was laughing below.
我是大地和水的女儿,
也是天空的养子,
我往来于海洋、陆地的一切孔隙---
我变化,但我不死。
因为雨后洗净的天宇虽然一丝不挂,
而且,一尘不染,
风和阳光用它们那凸圆的光线
把蓝天的穹庐修建,
我却默默地嘲笑我自己空虚的坟冢,
钻出雨水的洞穴,
象婴儿娩出母体,象鬼魂飞离墓地,
我腾空,再次把它拆毁。
I am the daughter of Earth and Water,
And the nursling of the Sky;
I pass through the pores of the ocean and shores;
I change, but I cannot die.
For after the rain when with never a stain
The pavilion of Heaven is bare,
And the winds and sunbeams with their convex gleams
Build up the blue dome of air,
I silently laugh at my own cenotaph,
And out of the caverns of rain,
Like a child from the womb, like a ghost from the tomb,
I arise and unbuild it again.
江枫 译
给云雀
祝你长生,欢快的精灵!
谁说你是只飞禽?
你从天庭,或它的近处,
倾泻你整个的心,
无须琢磨,便发出丰盛的乐音。
你从大地一跃而起,
往上飞翔又飞翔,
有如一团火云,在蓝天
平展着你的翅膀,
你不歇地边唱边飞,边飞边唱。
下沉的夕阳放出了
金色电闪的光明,
就在那明亮的云间
你浮游而又飞行,
象不具形的欢乐,刚刚开始途程。
那淡紫色的黄昏
与你的翱翔溶合,
好似在白日的天空中,
一颗明星沉没,
你虽不见,我却能听到你的欢乐:
清晰,锐利,有如那晨星
射出了银辉千条,
虽然在清彻的晨曦中
它那明光逐渐缩小,
直缩到看不见,却还能依稀感到。
整个大地和天空
都和你的歌共鸣,
有如在皎洁的夜晚,
从一片孤独的云,
月亮流出光华,光华溢满了天空。
我们不知道你是什么;
什么和你最相象?
从彩虹的云间滴雨,
那雨滴固然明亮,
但怎及得由你遗下的一片音响?
好象是一个诗人居于
思想底明光中,
他昂首而歌,使人世
由冷漠而至感动,
感于他所唱的希望、忧惧和赞颂;
好象是名门的少女
在高楼中独坐,
为了舒发缠绵的心情,
便在幽寂的一刻
以甜蜜的乐音充满她的绣阁;
好象是金色的萤火虫,
在凝露的山谷里,
到处流散它轻盈的光
在花丛,在草地,
而花草却把它掩遮,毫不感激;
好象一朵玫瑰幽蔽在
它自己的绿叶里,
阵阵的暖风前来凌犯,
而终于,它的香气
以过多的甜味使偷香者昏迷:
无论是春日的急雨
向闪亮的草洒落,
或是雨敲得花儿苏醒,
凡是可以称得
鲜明而欢愉的乐音,怎及得你的歌?
鸟也好,精灵也好,说吧:
什么是你的思绪?
我不曾听过对爱情
或对酒的赞誉,
迸出象你这样神圣的一串狂喜。
无论是凯旋的歌声
还是婚礼的合唱,
要是比起你的歌,就如
一切空洞的夸张,
呵,那里总感到有什么不如所望。
是什么事物构成你的
快乐之歌的源泉?
什么田野、波浪或山峰?
什么天空或平原?
是对同辈的爱?还是对痛苦无感?
有你这种清新的欢快
谁还会感到怠倦?
苦闷的阴影从不曾
挨近你的跟前;
你在爱,但不知爱情能毁于饱满。
无论是安睡,或是清醒,
对死亡这件事情
你定然比人想象得
更为真实而深沉,
不然,你的歌怎能流得如此晶莹?
我们总是前瞻和后顾,
对不在的事物憧憬;
我们最真心的笑也洋溢着
某种痛苦,对于我们
最能倾诉衷情的才是最甜的歌声。
可是,假若我们摆脱了
憎恨、骄傲和恐惧;
假若我们生来原不会
流泪或者哭泣,
那我们又怎能感于你的欣喜?
呵,对于诗人,你的歌艺
胜过一切的谐音
所形成的格律,也胜过
书本所给的教训,
你是那么富有,你藐视大地的生灵!
只要把你熟知的欢欣
教一半与我歌唱,
从我的唇边就会流出
一种和谐的热狂,
那世人就将听我,象我听你一样。
1820年
查良铮 译
致云雀①
To a Skylark
你好啊,欢乐的精灵!
你似乎从不是飞禽,
从天堂或天堂的邻近,
以酣畅淋漓的乐音,
不事雕琢的艺术,倾吐你的衷心。
Hail to thee, blithe Spirit!
Bird thou never wert,
That from Heaven, or near it,
Pourest thy full heart
In profuse strains of unpremeditated art.
向上,再向高处飞翔,
从地面你一跃而上,
像一片烈火的轻云②,
掠过蔚蓝的天心,
永远歌唱着飞翔,飞翔着歌唱。
Higher still and higher
From the earth thou springest
Like a cloud of fire;
The blue deep thou wingest,
And singing still dost soar, and soaring ever singest.
地平线下的太阳③,
放射出金色的电光,
晴空里霞蔚云蒸,
你沐浴着明光飞行,
似不具形体的喜悦刚开始迅疾的远征④。
In the golden lightning
Of the sunken sun
O'er which clouds are bright'ning,
Thou dost float and run,
Like an unbodied joy whose race is just begun.
淡淡的紫色黎明⑤
在你航程周围消融,
像昼空里的星星,
虽然不见形影,
却可以听得清你那欢乐的强音---
The pale purple even
Melts around thy flight;
Like a star of Heaven
In the broad daylight
Thou art unseen, but yet I hear thy shrill delight:
那犀利无比的乐音,
似银色星光的利箭,
它那强烈的明灯,
在晨曦中暗淡,
直到难以分辨,却能感觉到就在空间。
Keen as are the arrows
Of that silver sphere,
Whose intense lamp narrows
In the white dawn clear
Until we hardly see--we feel that it is there.
整个大地和大气,
响彻你婉转的歌喉,
仿佛在荒凉的黑夜,
从一片孤云背后,
明月射出光芒,清辉洋溢宇宙。
All the earth and air
With thy voice is loud.
As, when night is bare,
From one lonely cloud
The moon rains out her beams, and heaven is overflowed.
我们不知,你是什么,
什么和你最为相似?
从霓虹似的彩霞
也降不下这样美的雨,
能和当你出现时降下的乐曲甘霖相比。
What thou art we know not;
What is most like thee?
From rainbow clouds there flow not
Drops so bright to see
As from thy presence showers a rain of melody.
像一位诗人,隐身
在思想的明辉之中,
吟诵着即兴的诗韵,
直到普天下的同情
都被未曾留意过的希望和忧虑唤醒⑥;
Like a poet hidden
In the light of thought,
Singing hymns unbidden,
Till the world is wrought
To sympathy with hopes and fears it heeded not:
像一位高贵的少女,
居住在深宫的楼台,
在寂寞难言的时刻,
排遣她为爱所苦的情怀,
甜美有如爱情的歌曲,溢出闺阁之外⑦;
Like a high-born maiden
In a palace tower,
Soothing her love-laden
Soul in secret hour
With music sweet as love, which overflows her bower:
像一只金色的萤火虫,
在凝露的深山幽谷,
不显露它的行踪,
把晶莹的流光传播,
在遮断我们视线的芳草鲜花丛中;
Like a glow-worm golden
In a dell of dew,
Scattering unbeholden
Its aerial hue
Among the flowers and grass, which screen it from the view:
像一朵让自己的绿叶
荫蔽着的玫瑰,
遭受到热风的摧残,
直到它的芳菲
以过浓的香甜使鲁莽的飞贼沉醉;
Like a rose embowered
In its own green leaves,
By warm winds deflowered,
Till the scent it gives
Makes faint with too much sweet these heavy-winged thieves.
晶莹闪烁的草地,
春霖洒落的声息,
雨后苏醒的花蕾,
称得上明朗、欢悦、
清新的一切,都不及你的音乐。
Sound of vernal showers
On the twinkling grass,
Rain-awakened flowers,
All that ever was
Joyous, and clear, and fresh, thy music doth surpass.
飞禽或是精灵,有什么
甜美的思绪在你心头?
我从没有听到过
爱情或是醇酒的颂歌
能够迸涌出这样神圣的极乐音流。
Teach us, sprite or bird,
What sweet thoughts are thine:
I have never heard
Praise of love or wine
That panted forth a flood of rapture so divine.
赞婚的合唱也罢,
凯旋的欢歌也罢,
和你的乐声相比,
不过是空洞的浮夸,
人们可以觉察,其中总有着贫乏。
Chorus hymeneal
Or triumphal chaunt
Matched with thine, would be all
But an empty vaunt--
A thing wherein we feel there is some hidden want.
什么样的物象或事件,
是你欢乐乐曲的源泉?
什么田野、波涛、山峦?
什么空中陆上的形态?
是你对同类的爱,还是对痛苦的绝缘⑧?
What objects are the fountains
Of thy happy strain?
What fields, or waves, or mountains?
What shapes of sky or plain?
What love of thine own kind? what ignorance of pain?
有你明澈强烈的欢快,
倦怠永不会出现,
烦恼的阴影从来
近不得你的身边,
你爱,却从不知晓过分充满爱的悲哀⑨。
With thy clear keen joyance
Languor cannot be:
Shadow of annoyance
Never came near thee:
Thou lovest, but ne'er knew love's sad satiety.
是醒来或是睡去⑩,
你对死的理解一定比
我们凡人梦想到的
更加深刻真切,否则
你的乐曲音流,怎能像液态的水晶涌泻(11)?
Waking or asleep,
Thou of death must deem
Things more true and deep
Than we mortals dream,
Or how could thy notes flow in such a crystal stream?
我们瞻前顾后,为了
不存在的事物自扰,
我们最真挚的笑,
也交织着某种苦恼,
我们最美的音乐是最能倾诉哀思的曲调。
We look before and after,
And pine for what is not:
Our sincerest laughter
With some pain is fraught;
Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thought.
可是,即使我们能摈弃
憎恨、傲慢和恐惧,
即使我们生来不会
抛洒一滴眼泪,
我也不知,怎能接近于你的欢愉。
Yet if we could scorn
Hate, and pride, and fear;
If we were things born
Not to shed a tear,
I know not how thy joy we ever should come near.
比一切欢乐的音律
更加甜蜜美妙,
比一切书中的宝库
更加丰盛富饶,
这就是鄙弃尘土的你啊,你的艺术技巧(12)。
Better than all measures
Of delightful sound,
Better than all treasures
That in books are found,
Thy skill to poet were, thou scorner of the ground!
教给我一半,你的心
必定熟知的欢欣,
和谐、炽热的激情
就会流出我的双唇,
全世界就会像此刻的我---侧耳倾听。
Teach me half the gladness
That thy brain must know,
Such harmonious madness
From my lips would flow
The world should listen then, as I am listening now!
江枫 译
【注释】
①云雀: 黄褐色小鸟, 构巢于地面, 清晨升入高空, 入夜而还,有边飞边鸣的习性。云雀曾经是19世纪英国诗人经常吟咏的题材。比雪莱年长22岁已经名噪于时的前辈诗人华兹华斯也写过类似的作品, 而读到雪莱的这首诗时他自叹不如。 ②“像一片烈火的轻云”,不是写云雀的形貌,而是按照“火向上以求日”的意思写它上升的运动态势。(据《爱丁堡评论》1871年4月号)。 ③原文sunken sun, 为沉落的太阳,对于前一天为落日,对于新的一天则是尚未从地平线下升起的太阳。 ④有人认为原文此处的unbodied本来应该是embodied (据 《爱丁堡评论》 1871年4月号)。 据此, 则此处可译为 “似具有形体的喜悦”或“似有形的喜悦”。⑤原文even,实为twilight,是白昼与黑夜之间的过渡。由于云雀鸣于昼而不鸣于夜, 故译为黎明。 ⑥对这一节的理解, 可参见雪莱为长诗《阿多尼斯》所写前言 (被删节段落)。他说他的为人,畏避闻达; 他所以写诗,是为了唤起和传达人与人之间的同情。而雪莱的同情首先是对于人类争取从奴役、压迫、贫困和愚昧中解放出来的事业的同情。在《赞智力的美》一诗中,他宣称他“热爱全人类”,其实“全”也不全, 因为他反对人类中的暴君、教士及其奴仆。这里,他认为,诗人应该以值得关注而未被留意过的希望和忧虑去唤醒全人类的同情。 ⑦其实这一节所写的岂止是思春的少女,也完全有理由认为是雪莱的自况。他爱一切美好的事物, 美好的事业,他爱“全人类”,但是他的爱在当时甚至不被自己的同胞所理解,而使他感到寂寞和为爱所苦。诗,是他的爱不能自已的流露。 ⑧在以上三节中,雪莱认为没有高尚、优美的思想和情操,就不可能创造出美的艺术。因此,赞婚的合唱、 凯旋的欢歌,总有着某种贫乏。而对同类的爱和对痛苦的绝缘,却是他所珍视的品质。所谓对痛苦的绝缘,是指遇挫折而不馁,处逆境而泰然,胸怀坦荡,超然于痛苦之外。 ⑨雪莱的悲哀常常来源于对正义的事业,对受苦的人类,对他自己所确认的真理,爱得太深、太真、太强烈,而为世俗所不理解。 ⑩这是指对死的理解, 绝不是指云雀的精神状态。 有人认为死是从如梦的人生醒来, 有人认为死是长眠。(11)凡人认为死亡是最大的痛苦。雪莱认为,只有参透了生死的真谛, 才能超然于痛苦之外,摆脱庸俗的恐惧和忧虑,上升到崇高的精神境界。(12) “鄙弃尘土”, 在这里语义双关: 既描写云雀从地面一跃而起,升上高空,又表达了诗人对当时流行的诗歌理论、评论以及一般的庸俗、 反动的政治、 社会观念所持的鄙弃态度。
阿波罗礼赞 Hymn of Apollo
那些不眠的时辰,在我躺着的时候看护我,
它们拉起交织着星星的挂毯,
隔开空中那广阔的月色,
它们从我昏暗的眼里扇走繁乱的梦,--
将我唤醒:当它们的母亲,灰色的黎明
告诉它们,梦和月亮已经离去。
The sleepless Hours who watch me as I lie,
Curtained with star-inwoven tapestries,
From the broad moonlight of the sky,
Fanning the busy dreams from my dim eyes,--
Waken me when their Mother, the gray Dawn,
Tells them that dreams and that the moon is gone.
于是我起来,登上天空的蓝色圆顶,
我走过那些山峰和波涛,
把我的袍子留在大海的泡沫上;
我的脚步给云彩铺上火焰;山洞中
也充满了我光辉的存在,而空气
把绿色的大地留给我赤裸的怀抱。
Then I arise, and climbing Heaven's blue dome,
I walk over the mountains and the waves,
Leaving my robe upon the ocean foam;
My footsteps pave the clouds with fire; the caves
Are filled with my bright presence, and the air
Leaves the green Earth to my embraces bare.
光线是我的箭,我用它杀死
热爱黑夜、害怕白昼的”欺骗“;
那些犯下乃至想像罪恶的人
都逃避我,而从我的射线的光辉里,
善意和坦率的行为获得了新的力量,
直到夜的统治又将它们削弱。
The sunbeams are my shafts, with which I kill
Deceit, that loves the night and fears the day;
All men who do or even imagine ill
Fly me, and from the glory of my ray
Good minds and open actions take new might,
Until diminished by the reign of Night.
我喂养云、彩虹和花朵,
--用它们轻灵的色彩;月球
和纯洁的星星,在它们永恒的凉亭里,
都裹着我的力量,犹如裹着一件袍子;
地上和空中,无论什么灯在闪光,
都是同一种力量、我的力量的一部分,
I feed the clouds, the rainbows, and the flowers,
With their ethereal colors; the Moon's globe,
And the pure stars in their eternal bowers,
Are cinctured with my power as with a robe;
Whatever lamps on Earth or Heaven may shine,
Are portions of one power, which is mine.
正午时,我站在天空的顶点;
然后,迈着勉强的脚步,我徘徊而下,
走进宁静的大西洋的云彩;
它们因为我要离开而哀伤地哭泣、皱眉:
有什么表情比我的微笑更加令人愉快?
我用这微笑从西方的小岛安慰着它们。
I stand at noon upon the peak of Heaven;
Then with unwilling steps I wander down
Into the clouds of the Atlantic even;
For grief that I depart they weep and frown:
What look is more delightful than the smile
With which I soothe them from the western isle?
我是那只眼睛,宇宙用它来
看见自己,认出自己的神圣;
所有乐器和诗歌的和声,
所有的预言,所有的医术,都属于我,
所有的艺术和自然之光;--
胜利和赞美本身都该归于我的歌。
I am the eye with which the Universe
Beholds itself, and knows it is divine;
All harmony of instrument or verse,
All prophecy, all medicine, is mine,
All light of art or nature; - to my song
Victory and praise in its own right belong.
阿波罗礼赞
终宵不眠的那些时辰守候我入睡,
张挂起嵌织着灿烂繁星的绣帷,
遮蔽住那弥漫天宇的皓月银辉,
从我惺忪倦眼驱散繁忙的梦魅---
当他们的母亲---那灰白的黎明
宣告梦和月已离去,再把我唤醒。
于是我起身,开始攀登蓝天的拱顶,
我越过汹涌的海洋和峻峭的山峰,
把锦袍遗留给浪花四溅的波涛万顷,
我的步履所至处,云霞如炽如焚,
以我的明光充溢那万千洞穴和孔隙,
大气听任我拥抱那赤裸的绿色大地。
万道金光是我的利箭,我用它消灭
依恋黑夜畏惧白昼的奸伪和欺诈,
为非作歹甚至只是心怀恶念的一切
都畏避我,而从我的荣耀的光华,
善良心灵、正直懿行获得新的力量,
直到夜的统治再次削弱他们的强旺。
我用圣洁的光彩哺育着云霞、霓虹
和美丽花朵:在那永恒的庭宇里
运行不息的月球和晶莹闪烁的星星,
我都赋予威力,仿佛是裹以锦衣;
无论天上、人间,一切发光的灯火
都来源于同一威力,那威力属于我。
到了亭午时分,我卓立在太空绝顶,
然后迈步走下,怀着违愿的心情,
踱进大西洋上暮色苍茫的云霭深处;
哀伤于我的离去,暮霭蹙眉而哭;
还有什么样更加妩媚而动人的容貌,
能比我从西方海岛安慰他们的微笑?
我是一只巨眼,全宇宙都凭借着我,
看见他们自己,认识自己的神圣;
一切器乐的优美,一切诗韵的谐和,
一切艺术的辉煌或是自然的光明,
一切预言,一切医术,全都属于我----
胜利和赞美,当然该归属于我的歌。
1820年
江枫 译
给 月

你的脸色苍白,是因为,
倦于攀登天空、注视地面,
孤零零地流浪在
身世不同的群星之间---
而且不停地变化,象一只寡欢得眼。
找不到什么景物值得长久留恋。

你啊,你精灵的出色的姐妹,
它注视着你,直到对你产生了怜悯……
江枫 译
致月亮

你脸色为何如此苍白?
莫非倦于攀登高空、凝望大地?
你置身在星辰之间,
恰似异乡的游子,没有伴侣,--
永远亏盈交替,象一只忧伤的眼睛,
寻不到值得长久眷恋的物体?

你是精灵选中的姐妹,
她对你凝视,直至产生怜悯……
1820年
吴 笛译
Fragment: "To the Moon"
Art thou pale for weariness
Of climbing Heaven, and gazing on the earth,
Wandering companionless
Among the stars that have a different birth,--
And ever changing, like a joyless eye
That finds no object worth its constancy?
致月亮(断片)
天上灿烂的游女,爱娇的姑娘,
只有你一个才许任意把模样变化,
才许永远受人崇拜向往;
你别羡慕这暗淡的世界吧,
因为在它的阴影中只生长过一个,
就只一个(像你这般)美的姑娘。
给----To--
温柔的歌声已消逝,
乐音仍在记忆里萦回;
紫罗兰花虽然枯死,
意识中尚存留着芳菲。
Music, when soft voices die,
Vibrates in the memory,
Odours, when sweet violets sicken,
Live within the sense they quicken.
玫瑰花朵一朝谢去,
落英堆成恋人的床帏;
你去后怀念你的思绪
该是爱情在上面安睡。
Rose leaves, when the rose is dead,
Are heaped for the beloved's bed;
And so thy thoughts, when thou art gone,
Love itself shall slumber on.
(1821年)
无 常

今天,花儿喜笑欢悦,
明天,就会凋谢;
我们希望长驻的一切,
诱惑你,然后飞逸
什么是人世间的欢乐?
那是戏弄黑夜的电火,
象闪光一样短促。

美德,多么脆弱!
友谊,何等难遇!
爱情以多么可怜的幸福
把骄傲伴随它们的欢愉,
所谓“我们的”一切,转瞬即逝,
我们的生活还得继续。

趁此刻天色明媚湛蓝,
趁鲜花娇艳芳菲,
趁以前景色还在变换,
白昼尚不曾让位,
宁静的时光仍缓缓流动:
你且入梦--再从梦中
醒来,醒来哭泣。
江枫 译
Mutability
The flower that smiles today
Tomorrow dies;
All that we wish to say
Tempts and then flies.
What is this world’s delight?
Lightning that mocks the night.
Brief even as bright.
今天微笑的花朵
明日它便死去;
我们但愿留驻的
诱惑之后飞去。
人世间快乐究为何物?
恰如闪电嘲笑黑夜,
光亮一片,转瞬消逝。
Virtue, how frail it is!
Friendship how rare!
Love, how it sells poor bliss
For proud despair!
But we,though soon they fall,
Survive their joy, and all
Which ours we call.
美德何其脆弱!
友谊何其稀有!
爱情以不足道的幸福
轻易换取高傲的绝望!
它们很快跌落,而我们
活下去,再没有它们带来的欢乐,
没有我们称为“我们的”一切。
Whilst skies are blue and bright,
Whilst flowers are gay,
Whilst eyes that change ere night
Make glad the day;
Whilst yet the calm hours creep
Dream thou and from thy sleep
Then wake up to weep.
趁天空还蔚蓝光明
趁花朵还娇艳芳菲,
趁黑夜未到,眼睛
能看到白日的美好,
趁平静还在缓缓流淌,
入梦吧,待从梦中醒来
再哭泣。
1821年
哀 歌
A Dirge
嚎啕大哭的粗鲁的风
Rough wind, that moanest loud
悲痛得失去了声音;
Grief too sad for song;
横扫阴云的狂野的风,
Wild wind, when sullen cloud
彻夜将丧钟打个不停;
Knells all the night long;
暴风雨空把泪水流,
Sad storm whose tears are vain,
树林里枯枝摇个不休,
Bare woods, whose branches strain,
洞深,海冷,处处愁---
Deep caves and dreary main,--
号哭吧,来为天下鸣不平。
Wail, for the world's wrong!
1822年
王佐良译
时  间 Time
深不可测的海啊!岁月是你的波浪,
Unfathomable Sea! whose waves are years,
时间的大洋,充满深沉的辛酸,
Ocean of Time, whose waters of deep woe
人类眼泪的盐分已使得你咸涩难尝!
Are brackish with the salt of human tears!
你浩淼苍茫的海水啊无边无沿,
起伏涨落的潮汐把握着人生的极限,
Thou shoreless flood, which in thy ebb and flow
Claspest the limits of mortality,
虽已腻于捕猎,却仍呼号求索无餍。
And sick of prey, yet howling on for more,
不断把沉船的残骸喷吐在它荒凉的岸上,
Vomitest thy wrecks on its inhospitable shore;
平静时胸怀叵测,风暴中恐怖猖狂。
Treacherous in calm, and terrible in storm,
啊,深不可测的海洋,
谁该在你的水面出航?
Who shall put forth on thee,
Unfathomable Sea?
一盏明灯破碎
When the Lamp is Shattered

一盏明灯破碎,
灯光在尘土里熄灭;
天空云雾散去,
彩虹的光辉也消逝,
琵琶折断了弦,
甜蜜乐曲难以追忆,
话从嘴边说完,
悦耳语音就被忘记。
When the lamp is shattered
The light in the dust lies dead -
When the cloud is scattered,
The rainbow's glory is shed.
When the lute is broken,
Sweet tones are remembered not;
When the lips have spoken,
Loved accents are soon forgot.

象乐曲和灯光,
离不开琵琶和明灯,
精神沉默不唱,
心的回音没有歌声,
象掠过荒墟的野风,
象忧伤的海涛,
水手死时敲叩丧钟
As music and splendour
Survive not the lamp and the lute,
The heart's echoes render
No song when the spirit is mute -
No song but sad dirges,
Like the wind through a ruined cell,
Or the mournful surges
That ring the dead seaman's knell.

两颗心一旦结合,
爱先从精制的巢离去;
单让脆弱的一个
为占有过的独受悲凄。
哦,爱,既然你
为万物的脆弱而痛哭,
又何必选最弱的
作你的摇篮、家室、棺木?
When hearts have once mingled,
Love first leaves the well-built nest;
The weak one is singled
To endure what it once possessed.
O Love! who bewailest
The frailty of all things here,
Why choose you the frailest
For your cradle, your home, and your bier?

它以热情簸弄你,
象狂风暴雨簸弄鸦雀;
理智将会讪笑你,
象冬日的阳光在讥诮。
你鹰巢般的家屋
掾木会烂掉,把你暴露,
寒风起,枫叶落,
使你在嘲讽面前***。
Its passions will rock thee,
As the storms rock the ravens on high;
Bright reason will mock thee,
Like the sun from a wintry sky.
From thy nest every rafter
Will rot, and thine eagle home
Leave thee naked to laughter,
When leaves fall and cold winds come.
江枫 译
潘之歌Hymn Of Pan

我们为自高原和山区,
我们来自森林;
来自河流围绕的岛屿,
在那边、巨浪默默无声,
倾听我悠扬的笛音。
芦苇和灯蕊草丛中的风,
百里香的花朵上的蜜蜂,
桃金娘枝头的小鸟,
菩提树上的鸣蟑,
和草丛里的晰蜴,
都像老特莫鲁斯一样静寂,
倾听我 悠扬的笛音。
FROM the forests and highlands
We come, we come;
From the river-girt islands,
Where loud waves are dumb
Listening to my sweet pipings.
The wind in the reeds and the rushes,
The bees on the bells of thyme,
The birds on the myrtle-bushes,
The cicale above in the lime,
And the lizards below in the grass,
Were as silent as ever old Tmolus was,
Listening to my sweet pipings.

澄澈的比纽斯河流动不息,
腾皮谷一片黝黑,
躺在悲利翁山的阴影里,
阴影吞没了夕暮的残辉;
河与谷都得到我笛音的祝福。
赛利诺斯、芳恩和西尔万,
还有森林和河流的妖女们,
来到河岸潮湿的草地边缘,
来到露水壤壤的山洞口倾听,
那时在场的一切都怀着满腔的爱,
默默无言地颂听;阿波罗!就像你现在,
怀着羡嫉之心倾听我悠扬的笛音。
Liquid Peneus was flowing,
And all dark Temple lay
In Pelion's shadow, outgrowing
The light of the dying day,
Speeded by my sweet pipings.
The Sileni and Sylvans and fauns,
And the Nymphs of the woods and wave
To the edge of the moist river-lawns,
And the brink of the dewy caves,
And all that did then attend and follow,
Were silent with love,--as you now, Apollo,
With envy of my sweet pipings.

我歌唱舞蹈着的星星,
我歌唱变化万千的尘世,
歌唱天国---和巨人们的战争,
以及爱情、生和死---
然后我变换我的笛音,---
歌唱我怎样离了美纳露斯山谷,
追求一个少女,却抱住了芦苇一枝。
神和人呵,我们都这样受了欺骗!
我们的心灵破碎,流血不止!
如果妒嫉和年岁还未使用权你们的血液结冰,
我想你们现在都会哭泣涕零,
听着我芦笙的悲音。
I sang of the dancing stars,
I sang of the dedal earth,
And of heaven, and the Giant wars,
And love, and death, and birth.
And then I changed my pipings,--
Singing how down the vale of Maenalus
I pursued a maiden, and clasped a reed:
Gods and men, we are all deluded thus;
It breaks in our bosom, and then we bleed.
All wept--as I think both ye now would,
If envy or age had not frozen your blood--
At the sorrow of my sweet pipings.
江 枫 译