神马文学网宾语从句复习要点
来源：百度文库 编辑：神马文学网 时间：2024/05/04 18:28:47
学习宾语从句,我们应该注意三个方面:连接词、语序和时态。
一、连接词
1. that引导宾语从句时,that只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,也没有词义,常可省略。如:
●I know(that) he is a Canadian athlete.
2. whether或if引导宾语从句时,whether或if在句中不充当句子成分,意为“是否”,不可省略。如:
●I don’t know whether/ if my parents agree with me.
注意:与or not直接连用时只能用whether不可用if。如:
●He didn’t say whether or not he would be staying here.
3. what, who, whose, which等连接代词和when, where, how, why等连接副词引导宾语从句时,这些词在从句中充当一定的句子成分,都有各自的词义,不能省略。如:
●He didn’t understand what the teacher said.
●I don’t know when we will have a meeting.
二、语序
1. 在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句须用陈述句语序。如:
●Do you know where he lives?
2. 当主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, guess, suppose, imagine, expect等词时,宾语从句中的否定词常常转移到主句中,译为汉语时,仍把从句翻译成否定的意思。否定转移句的主语一般是第一人称。如:
●I don’t think (that) Tom is wrong.
我认为汤姆没错。
三、时态
1. 当主句的谓语动词是现在时态或一般将来时的时候,宾语从句的谓语动词可根据需要使用各种时态。但如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词也必须使用相应的过去时态。如:
●I want to know how he came yesterday.
●She asked if he was leaving for Beijing soon.
2. 宾语从句表述的是客观事实或普遍真理时,不管主句的谓语动词是什么时态,宾语从句仍使用一般现在时。如:
●The teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth.
一、连接词
1. that引导宾语从句时,that只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,也没有词义,常可省略。如:
●I know(that) he is a Canadian athlete.
2. whether或if引导宾语从句时,whether或if在句中不充当句子成分,意为“是否”,不可省略。如:
●I don’t know whether/ if my parents agree with me.
注意:与or not直接连用时只能用whether不可用if。如:
●He didn’t say whether or not he would be staying here.
3. what, who, whose, which等连接代词和when, where, how, why等连接副词引导宾语从句时,这些词在从句中充当一定的句子成分,都有各自的词义,不能省略。如:
●He didn’t understand what the teacher said.
●I don’t know when we will have a meeting.
二、语序
1. 在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句须用陈述句语序。如:
●Do you know where he lives?
2. 当主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, guess, suppose, imagine, expect等词时,宾语从句中的否定词常常转移到主句中,译为汉语时,仍把从句翻译成否定的意思。否定转移句的主语一般是第一人称。如:
●I don’t think (that) Tom is wrong.
我认为汤姆没错。
三、时态
1. 当主句的谓语动词是现在时态或一般将来时的时候,宾语从句的谓语动词可根据需要使用各种时态。但如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词也必须使用相应的过去时态。如:
●I want to know how he came yesterday.
●She asked if he was leaving for Beijing soon.
2. 宾语从句表述的是客观事实或普遍真理时,不管主句的谓语动词是什么时态,宾语从句仍使用一般现在时。如:
●The teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth.