『图说』世界上最具魅力的大教堂

世界上最具魅力的大教堂（图）

On at least this one point, believers and atheists can likely agree: many of the world’s sacred structures are truly works of architectural beauty.

信徒与无神论者们至少在这一点上很有可能达成一致：世界上有许多宗教建筑真正地体现了建筑的美学。

From Turkey’s Hagia Sophia to Poland’s Wawel Catherdral to St. Peter’s in Vatican City, the historical devotion to religion is demonstrated in the beautiful cathedrals and basilicas found throughout the globe. Though several of the oldest structures are now secular, many still operate as houses of worship and typically rank among their home city’s best architectural treasures.

从土耳其的圣索菲亚大教堂到波兰的瓦维尔大教堂，历史上对宗教信仰的热爱在遍布全球的美丽教堂中展露无遗。尽管有几栋最古老的建筑现今已回归世俗，但是许多宗教建筑仍在作为礼拜堂使用，并且通常都被列为他们母城中最珍贵的建筑学宝藏。

Here’s a look at 13 of the world’s most stunning cathedrals and basilicas. And be sure to tell us which ones you feel were overlooked in the comments.

以下展示了13座世界上最具魅力的大教堂。如果您觉得有哪座名不副实，请务必在评论中告知。

St. Basil’s — Russia

圣巴索教堂——俄罗斯

Located on Moscow’s Red Square, St. Basil’s is said to be designed to resemble a bonfire’s flames.

圣巴索教堂位于莫斯科红场，据说它被设计成像篝火的火焰一样。

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La Sagrada Familia — Spain

圣家教堂——西班牙

Considered the master-work of renowned Spanish architect Antoni Gaudí, La Sagrada Familia is not expected to be completed until 2026.

作为西班牙著名建筑师安东尼奥·高迪的主要作品，圣家教堂预计到2026年才会竣工。

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Considered one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture, Notre Dame de Paris was one of the first buildings to use flying buttresses.

作为法国哥特式建筑最出色的样本之一，巴黎圣母院是第一栋采用飞扶壁设计的建筑。

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Wawel Cathedral — Poland

瓦维尔大教堂——波兰

Also known as the Cathedral Basilica of Sts. Stanis?aw and Vaclav, Wawel Cathedral was the traditional coronation site of Polish monarchs.

瓦维尔大教堂又被称为圣旺斯拉斯和圣斯坦尼斯洛斯大教堂，是波兰皇帝的传统加冕礼举行地。

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Catedral de Se de Sao Paulo — Brazil

圣保罗主教座堂——巴西

Completed in 1954, Sao Paulo’s cathedral has seating capacity for 8,000 worshippers.

建成于1954年，圣保罗教堂主教座堂的座位可以容纳8000名礼拜者。

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Hagia Sophia — Turkey

圣索菲亚大教堂——土耳其

Istanbul’s Hagia Sophia was a former Orthodox patriarchal basilica before being converted to a mosque, but is now a museum since being secularized in 1934.

伊斯坦布尔的圣索菲亚大教堂曾经是东正教主教圣殿，之后被转变为清真寺，自1934年还俗之后作为博物馆使用。

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Canterbury Cathedral — U.K.

坎特伯雷大教堂——英国

Canterbury Cathedral is infamous for being the murder site for four of its archbishops throughout its history.

坎特伯雷大教堂因其历史上四名大主教的谋杀案而臭名昭著。

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St. Sophia — Ukraine

圣索菲亚大教堂——乌克兰

Kiev’s St. Sophia was planned to be demolished shortly after the Soviet anti-religious campaign of the 1920s, but a campaign by historians and scientists saved it from destruction.

基辅的圣索菲亚大教堂按照计划在20世纪20年代的苏联反宗教运动后即将被拆毁，但是一场由史学家和科学家们发起的运动使其幸免于难。

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Notre-Dame — Canada

圣母大教堂——加拿大

Montreal’s Notre-Dame Basilica was the setting for pop singer Celine Dion’s lavish wedding to music producer Rene Angelil.

蒙特利尔的圣母大教堂是流行歌手席琳·迪翁与音乐制片人勒内·安吉利尔的奢侈婚礼的举行场所。

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St. Peter’s — Vatican City

圣彼得教堂——梵蒂冈

Known as “the greatest of all churches of Christendom,” the Basilica of St. Peter can hold up to 60,000 visitors.

圣彼得教堂被称为是“所有基督教堂中最伟大的”，它可以容纳60000名来客。

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Cologne Cathedral — Germany

科隆大教堂——德国

Cologne Cathedral received a newly-designed stained glass window in 2007, replacing one that had been destroyed in World War II.

科隆大教堂在2007年被装上了一个新设计的彩色玻璃窗，用以替换在二战中被毁坏的那个。

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Las Lajas — Colombia

拉斯拉哈斯大教堂——哥伦比亚

Built inside the canyon of the Guaitara River, Las Lajas was said to be the site of an apparition of the Virgin Mary.

拉斯拉哈斯大教堂建于瓜伊塔拉河的河谷之内，据说是圣母玛利亚显圣的地方。

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St. Patrick’s Cathedral — U.S.

圣帕特里克大教堂——美国

New York’s St. Patrick’s Cathedral is built of brick rather than marble, because brick is stronger.

纽约的圣帕特里克大教堂采用砖筑而不是大理石，因为砖的强度更高。