中考英语总复习8

十二、宾语从句:充当宾语的句子
对宾语从句应注意以下三要素:
1. 引导词 2. 语序 3. 时态
1. 引导词
1)that引导一般疑问句意义的宾从(that可省)
eg. He says (that) the boy is a lilltle weak in Chinese.
2)疑问词引导特殊疑问句意义的宾从
eg. ①.Do you know who will give us a talk?
②.I don't know whose book that is.
③.Could you please tell which gate we have to go to?
④.I wonder when he will come back.
注意:此类宾从的主语与主句的主语(或宾语)相同时,可替换为"疑问词 + to do"
eg. ①.I haven't decided where I will go
=I haven't decided where to go
②.He asked me what I bought
= He asked me what to buy.
类似短语:how to do _____what to say_____
what to do _____where to go____
3)if/whether(是否)引导一般疑问句意义的宾从
eg. ①."Do you like this book?" she asked me.
=She asked me ___ I liked this book.
②."Have you visited the Great Wall?" Could you tell me?
=Could you tell me _____ you have visited the Great Wall?
注意以下几点:
ⅰ.区别if当作"是否",还是"如果"
eg. I don't know if he ______ (come)if it ______(rain) tomorrow.
ⅱ.用whether不用if的几种情况
1)后接不定式
eg. I can't decide whether to go to Beijing.
2)与or / or not连用
eg. I want to know whether you will go to the park or not.
3)在句首时
eg. Whether this is true or not, I can't say.
4)whether还可以引导让步状语从句,意为"不管,无论"
eg. Whether it rains or not, we are going to the park tomorrow.
2.语序:宾从用陈述句语序
eg. 1)I don't (A) know whether (B) will he (C) come (D) tomorrow. _____________
2)He asks (A) me when (B) will you (C) come back (D). _____________
3)Could you tell (A) how many players (B) are there (C) in (D) a football team? ________
3.时态
主句 宾语从句
一般现在时 一切时态
一般过去时 过去范畴的某一时态(一般过去时;过去进行时;过去完成时;过去将来时)
但当宾语从句是指客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时,则只能用一般现在时。
eg. She said (that) the sun rises in the east.
练 习
( )1.Alice wanted to know ____ her grandma liked the dog.
A. that B. if C. which D. what
( )2.Can you tell us ____ ?
A. where have you gone
B. where have you gone
C. where you have been
D. where have you been
( )3.Do you still remember ____ ?
A. that he said B. what he said
C. did he say that D. what did he say
( )4.The weather here changes very often and we can't tell ____ it will be like tomorrow.
A. that B. how C. what D. whether
( )5.-What did the scientist say?
---He said he wondered if ____into space by spaceship one day.
A. he had to fly B. he could fly
C. can he fly D. could he fly
( )6.Do you know___from Wuhan to Xi'an ?
A. how far it is B. how far is it
C. how long it is D. how long is it
( )7.Could you tell me ____?
A. where do you live
B. who you are waiting for
C. who were you waiting for
D. where you live in
( )8.-Is the lake there beautiful?
-- This photo will show you ____.
A. how does it look like
B. what does it look like
C. how it looks like D. what it looks like
( )9. I don't know ____ bought the present for me. Is it Jack?
A. which B. who C. whose D. what
( )10.Could you show us ____ a bike ?
A. how to mend B. what to buy
C. where to go D. how many to buy
( )11.I don't know ____ Jane was late for school this morning.
A. who B. what C. whom D. why
( )12.-Do you remember ____ he came? --Yes, I do. He came by car.
A. that B. if C. how D. when
( )13.Mike said he ___ a cold for a few days.
A. has caught B. had caught
C. has had D. had had
( )14.I don't know if he ____ here. If he ____, I'll tell you.
A. will come, comes B. comes, will come
C. comes , comes D. will come, will come
( )15.Could you tell me ____ best?
A. which one you like B.which one do you like
C. do you like which one D.you like which one
( )16.The teacher told the children that the earth ____ around the sun.
A. moves B. moved
C. had moved D. was moving
( )17.Nobody knows which factory _____.
A. does he work B. he works
C. does he work in D. he works in
( )18.He said that no one knew ___ with him.
A. what is the matter B. what was the matter
C. what the matter is D. what the matter was
( )19.I'm interested in _____ or not he is coming.
A. whether B. if C. when D. why
( )20.I'm sorry that I ____ you were here.
A. didn't know B. don't know
C. won't know D. can't know
-中考英语总复习9
十三、定语从句:在句中作定语的句子,它修饰一个名词或代词,这个被修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词。
一、引导词(关系词):位于从句与先行词之间,起连接作用,同时在从句中充当一定的成分。先行词分两类:1.关系代词who(作主语), whom(作宾语), whose(作定语), which(作主语、宾语), that(作主语、宾语). 2.关系副词when, where, why.
注意:1.如果关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,引导词可以省略.
eg. The trees (that) we have planted grow well.
2.关系代词作宾语时,可放在介词后。 但当关系代词是that时,则不能放在介词后。eg. This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived
= This is the house which Lu Xun once lived in.
=This is the house that Lu Xun once lived in
二、如何选用引导词:一般情况引导词的选用是受先行词决定的--先行词是人时用that , who , whom , whose; 先行词是物时用that , which; 先行词是时间、地点时用when , where.
eg. 1)The boy who / that is standing under the tree is Jim. 站在树下的那个男孩时Jim.
2)Do you know the girl whose mother is a driver? 你认识那个妈妈是司机的女孩吗?
3)Have you been to the factory where your father works? 你去过你爸爸工作的工厂吗?
但注意区别who / that (指人);which / that (指物)
1.修饰人只用who的情况:
a. 先行词是one , ones , anyone , those 时。
b. there be句型中修饰名词时。
c. 先行词后有一个较长的定语。
eg.1)Anyone who hasn't handed in his home- work should stay after school. 没交作业的任何人放学后都要留下。
2)There is a girl who wants to see you at the school gate. 校门口有位想见你的女孩。
3)Did you see the man in the park yesterday afternoon who wore a red shirt? 昨天下午在公园你见过那个穿红衬衫的人吗?
2.修饰人或物只用that的情况:
a. 先行词为指物的不定代词all , much , little, few , everything , something , anything , nothing
b.先行词前有最高级、序数词及last , only , very , all , no时
c. 先行词既有人,又有物时
d. 主句是who / which引导的特殊疑问句,而先行词又指人或物时。
eg.1)Is there anything that I can do for you? 有让我做的事吗?
2)He is the only one that can help us at the moment. 他是现在能帮助我们的唯一的人。
3)He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 他谈论着他拜访过的老师和参观过的学校。
4)Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 我们上周星期天用过的机器是哪一台?
3.修饰物只用which的情况:
a. 先行词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时
b. 先行词为that时
eg.1)This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived . 这就是鲁迅以前住过的房子。
2)What's that which you are holding in your arms? 你抱着的那个是什么?
*三、定语从句可简化为短语
1.定语从句为被动语态时可简化为过去分词短语;定语从句为现在进行时可简化为现在分词短语。
2.定语从句的谓语(be)后是介词短语,可简化为介词短语作定语。
3.定语从句的谓语动词含情态动词,可简化为不定式。
eg.1)I bought a book that was written by Lu Xun.
= I bought a book written by Lu Xun.
2)Tell the children who are playing there not to do that.
= Tell the children playing there not to do that.
3)The book that is on the table is mine.
= The book on the table is mine.
4) We have nothing that we should fear.
= We have nothing to fear.
练 习
一、用适当的关系代词填空
1.Is it the very house ________ you lived in ten years ago?
2.The woman _____ sits next to the door is my mother.
3.I'll never forget the year _____ I joined the League.
4.It is the house _____ I was born.
5.The house ______ roof is broken has been repaired.
二、用短语来改写下面的定语从句部分。
1.The man that is talking with Mary is my brother.
______________________________________
__________________.
2.This is a book which was written by a worker
______________________________________
3.The student who is from Canada speaks French.
______________________________________
__________.
4.She has a lot of work that she must do.
_____________________________________
三、选择填空
( )1.The man ____ was a friend of mine.
A. that you just talked to
B. whom you just talked to him
C. who you just talked to him
D. which you just talked to
( )2.This is the best film ____has been shown this year.
A. who B. that C. which D. when
( )3.Finally, the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A. which B. what C. that D. in where
( )4.Mr. Li told us the stones and writers ____ interested him
A. what B. who C. that D. which
( )5.My father still remembers the day ___ he joined the army.
A. when B. which
C. to which D. from which
( )6.I'll never forget the summer holidays ____ we spent together.
A. when B. in which C. which D. how
( )7-Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?
-Yes, he does.
A. which B. whose C. where D. who
( )8.The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.
A. who B. where C. what D. that
( )9.I hate people _______ talk much but do little.
A. whose B. whom C. which D. who
( )10.-Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?
-Oh! It's Mr Baker, our maths teacher.
A. he B. that C. whom D. which
( )11.I hate the people ________ don't help others when they are in trouble.
A. who B. which C. they D. where
( )12.George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.
A. who B. whom C. he D. which
( )13.This is the place _____I have ever visited.
A. there B. when C. where D. which
( )14.Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn't come to the meeting.
A. that B. which C. why D. when
( )15.The moon is a world ___there is no life.
A. that B. which C. where D. why
( )16.He has forgotten the day ___ he arrived.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
( )17.He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.
A. when B. where C. that D. on which
( )18.Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.
A. who B. that C. whose D. which
( )19.He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
( )20.This is the house ______ I want to buy.
A. in which B. that C. whose D. where
( )21.He didn't tell me the place _______ he was born.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
( )22.He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
-中考英语总复习10　　 十五、反意疑问句
由"陈述句 + 附加疑问句"两部分构成。一般有两种形式:前肯后否或前否后肯。对附加疑问部分应注意以下几点: 1)主语只能用人称代词;2)附加疑问句的not必须与(be /助/情)缩写;3)附加疑问句的时态必须与陈述部分的时态一致。
eg.1)Tom is a work, isn't Tom?(找错)_______
2)You can swim, can not you?(找错)______
3)He had lunch, doesn't he?(找错)________
特别注意以下几种反意疑问句
1. 陈述部分含否定意味的词(few, little,
never, nothing, nobody, no, hardly, none),附加疑问句应使用肯定形式(但前缀词unhappy, unlike, disappear等列外)
eg. They are unhappy, aren't they?
2.陈述部分的主语是everything, something, nothing, anything时,附加疑问句的主语应用it;陈述部分的主语是everybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, no one时,附加疑问句的主语应用they。
eg.1)Everything is ready, ___________?
2)Everyone is here, ____________?
3.陈述部分是祈使句时,附加疑问句一般用:will you? 但注意:
Let's … , shall we?
Let us … , will you?
4.陈述部分含must时,附加疑问句一般用needn't.
eg. I must finish my work now, _________?
5.陈述部分是there be结构时,应用there be结构来完成。
eg. There's little water, ___________
*6.陈述部分含宾语从句时,疑问部分通常与主句一致。但当主句的谓语动词是think, believe且主语是I , we时,即:
I / We think (believe) + 宾从,则附加问句应与从句一致。I'm sure + 宾从也是如此
eg.1)She said I did it, ____________?
2)We don't think you are right, ________?
3)I'm sure you'll help me, ____________?
*7.I'm… , aren't I?
eg.I am older than you, __________?
8.陈述部分含had better, 疑问部分应用had better来回答。
eg. You'd better go out , ___________?
9.陈述部分是感叹句,附加问句的人称代词应与主语一致。
eg. 1)What a kind girl, __________?
2)What a fine day, ___________?
练 习
( )1.You had to work for 10 hours yesterday, _____?
A. didn't you B. did not you
C. had not you D. did you
( )2.Don't eat too much, ____?
A. will you B. don't you C. do you D. can you
( )3.Lily looks like Lucy, ____?
A. is Lily B. isn't she
C. does Lily D. doesn't she
( )4.-You didn't change your mind, did you
--- ______.
A. No, I didn't B. Yes, did I
C. No, I did D. Yes, I didn't
( )5.The woman hardly let her daughter go to school, ____ she ?
A. does B. doesn't C. did D. didn't
( )6.Be sure to come to the parents' meeting on time, ____?
A. will you B. aren't you
C. can't you D. mustn't you
( )7.Let's have a good rest, ____?
A. will we B. do we
C. shalln't we D. shall we
( )8.He has never ridden a horse before, ___?
A. does he B. has he
C. hasn't he D. doesn't
( )9.Tom has supper at school, ___?
A. hasn't he B. has he
C. doesn't he D. does he
( )10.There is little water in the glass, ___?
A. isn't there B. isn't it
C. is it D. is there
中考英语总复习11
十六、简单句的五种句型
1.主语 + 不及物动词(主、谓结构)
eg. He is working.
2.主语+ 及物动词 + 宾语(主、谓、宾结构)
eg. We study English every day.
3.主语+ 连系动词 + 表语(主、系、表结构)
eg. Trees turn green.
常见的连系动词有:be ; become ; get ; turn ; feel ; look(看起来);smell(闻起来); sound(听起来);taste(尝起来);seem(似乎).
特别注意:形容词常作表语
4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间宾(人)+ 直宾(物)
=主语+ 及物动词 + 直宾(物)+ to / for + 间宾(人)
常用的此类动词有:give ; pass ; show ; lend ; buy. 但buy与for连用
eg.1)I gave him a book.
= I gave a book to him.
2)My mother bought me a pen yesterday.
= My mother bought a pen for me.
5.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
注意作宾补的词:1)名词(指宾语是谁/什么);2)形容词;3)不定式;4)动词的ing 形式。
eg.1)We call him Jim.
2)We must keep the window open.
3)He told me to wash the plates.
4)I saw a thief going into your room.
特别注意:
1)动词不定式作宾补
A: ask / want / tell sb to do sth.
其否定式为:ask/want/tell sb not to do sth
2)省to不定式作宾补,即:
(l, m, n; 3h; 2看; 1f) sb do sth
l-let, m-make, n-notice; 3h-hear, have , help; 2看-see, watch; 1f-feel.
eg.1)The boss made the workers work 12 hours every day.
2)I often hear him sing.
2)区别省to不定式作宾补与动词ing形式作宾补.
hear / see sb do: 听见/看见某人做了某事
hear / see sb doing: 听见/看见某人在做某事
Ⅱ、 知 识 要 点
1.问职业:
What be + 主语?= What does /do +主语+do?
eg. He is a teacher.(提问)
______ _____ he _____?
2.It's nice talking to you.与你谈话真高兴。
△3.表方式的短语
1)on foot
2)by + 交通名词单数(无冠词)
= in / on a (the; 物主代词;名词所有格)
eg. 1) by bike = on a bike by car = in a car
2) He goes to work by a bike every day.(改错) _____________
must: 个人主观上认为"必须"(无时态变化)
4. have to : 有外部条件强加的客观上的"不得不" (存在各种时态)
eg. 1) I _________ stop on the way because of the rain.
2) I ______ stop because I'm a little tired.
△5.提建议
Shall we… ? 答 肯定:Good idea / OK /
Let's … All right
Why not… ? 语 否定:No, let's…
肯定:Certainly/ Yes, please/
另外还可回答为 Yes, I think so/ I'd love to
否定:No,I don't think so /
I'm afraid not.
put on强调"穿"的动作:穿上,戴上 后接
△6.. wear是 put on 之后的结果:穿着 "衣服"
= be in 名词
dress sb: 给某人穿衣
eg. 1)You'd better ____ more clothes when you go out. It's cold outside.
A. wear B. dress C. put on D. take off
2)The boy can ________ himself now.
A. wear B. dress C. put on D. take off
3) Tom is wearing a red shirt today.
A. is on B. is in C. is putting on
△7.在具体的某楼前用 on
eg. He lives on the fifteenth floor.
△8.How do you like… ? 你觉得……怎么样?
= What do you think of … ?
eg. How do you like the new film? = What do you think of the new film? 你觉得这部新电影怎么样?
9.a little = a bit
但注意:1) a little+名词 = a bit of + 名词 )
eg.There is a little( a bit of ) water in the glass.
2) not a little = very
not a bit = not at all
△10. quite : quite a (an) + 形 + 名
very : a very + 形 + 名
eg. This is a very interesting book.
= This is quite an interesting book.
11.in a hurry: 匆忙地
eg.1)He is in a hurry all day.
2)She went to school in a hurry.
另外:hurry to … = go to … in a hurry
12. marry sb = be married to sb.与某人结婚
get married = be married 已婚;结婚
(但get married是"短命"动词,要指"结婚多久"应用be married)
eg. 1)She married with a doctor (找错) ______
2)She has got married for ten years (找错) __________
△13. leave sth + 地点:把某物忘在某地
forget sth : 忘记某事
eg. 1)He ______ the driver's license yesterday.
2)I ____ my umbrella in the train just now.
△14.感叹句
1)What (a, an) + 形 + 名(+主 + 谓)!
(注:但名词为不可数、复数时,则不用a / an)
2)How + 形 / 副 ( + 主 + 谓)!
eg.1)________ bad weather!
2)______ hard they are working!
3)______ good girl she is!
4)_____ beautiful flowers they are!
"雨大,雪大"heavy---heavily/ hard
△15."风大" strong ---strongly
"太阳大"bright---brightly
注意以上词的形、副区别
eg. 1)There was a __________ rain yesterday.
2)It blew ________ last night.
3)The sun is shining ___________.
4)Look! It's raining __________.
5)What a ___________ wind!
how long: 多长时间(问时间段)
△16. how often: 多久一次(问频率)
how soon = when: 何时(问将来时间)
eg.1)--________ does he go home?
-- Once a week.
2)--________ were you away from school last year? --Less than a week.
3)--________ will he come back?
--In two days.
eg. 1)I didn't go to the cinema. _____ I went to the library yesterday.
2)We would like to stay at school _______ going to the cinema today.
△18.so 句型
so + be(助、情) + 主语:"也如此"
so + 主语 + be(助、情):"的确如此"
eg.1)I watched TV last night, and so did she.
昨晚我看了电视,她也看了。
2)I watch TV every day, and so does he.
我每天看电视,他也如此。
3)I can swim, so I can.
我会游泳,真的是这样。
注意:表示"也不如此"用neither / nor
eg. I didn't watch TV last night, neither did she
△19.指路与问路
问路
1)Excuse me. Could you tell me …
how I can get to ….
how to get to …
the way to …
2)Excuse me. Which is the way to…
指路
1)Go down / up / along this road and…
go还可替换为walk
2)Go down / up / along to the end.
3)Go on until you reach the end.
4)Take the … turning on the left.
= Turn left at the … turning.
5)Go across the bridge
△20.
eg.1)He's sick / ill in hospital.
2)A nurse (A) must take (B) good (C) care of ill (D) men. (选错) _____________
△21.
eg.1)__________ he is a student.
2)He ___________ a student.
△22.
类似结构
△23.到达
但当后不接地点时,只能用arrive
eg.1)She ____ Shanghai last night.
A. reached to B. got C. arrived in D. arrived at
2)They ____ there in time at last.
A. reached to B. arrived C. got to D. arrived at
3) I'll ring you up as soon as he_____(到达).
eg.1)She is _____________ girl.
2)Do you feel ______ when you are _____?
3)The old man live in a house ________.
eg. I have (A) many (B) work to do (C)______
△
eg.1)He gave us _________ money.
2)She is ___________ young.
△
eg.1)Please ____ your exercise book here tomorrow.
2)Meimei often helps the old man _____ water.
eg. --I looked for my pen___________, but I couldn't find it ____________.
---Don't worry. Sooner or later you'll find it _________.
30.to one's surprise 使某人吃惊的是……
类似结构:to one's joy 使某人高兴的是……
eg. To our great surprise, she could swim in the river. 使我们惊奇的是,他能在河里游泳。
31. agree with : 同意某人(或某人所说的)
agree to : 同意某事
eg. 1)He agree ___ my plan.
2)I agree ____ what you said.
32.be on … team: 参加……队;是……的队员
eg. He is on the city basketball team.
他是市篮球队队员。
△33.teach sb+科目(当sb是人称代词时应用宾格)
eg. He teaches our English(改错) __________
△34.the 100-metre race 100米赛跑
100-metre作定语,修饰race, 注意metre用单数。 类似结构:
①a two-thousand-word letter一封两千字的信
②an 18-year-old girl一位18岁的女孩
另外有时还可用所有格形式来表达:
100-metre race = 100 metres' race
two-month holiday = two months' holiday
但当前面有a/ an ; 物主代词;所有格时。则只能用复合形容词来表示:
eg. What did the headmaster say about Jim's ______.
A. two months holidayB. Two months' holiday
C. two-month holiday D. two moth's holiday
35.problem与question
question: 指人们主观上产生而提出等待回答的问题。常与ask , answer连用
problem: 指客观上存在等待解决的问题着重指"难题"。常与solve , work out连用
1) We must find out a good way to solve the ______.
2) You can answer the _____ in your own words.
borrow: 借进 borrow … from从…借
△36. lend: 借出 lend sb sth = lend sth to sb
把某物借给某人
keep: 保存;借(多久)(与时间段连用)
1)Jack ____ me his bike last week.
2)You can _____ the book from me, but you can ____ it for only one week.
△37.It's +adj + of / for sb to do sth.
当形容词用于修饰人时,介词用of. 常见的此类形容词有:kind ; good ; clever ; careful ; polite ; right ; wrong. 其余情况用for.
1)It's very clever ____ you to do that.
2)It's hard ____ me to work out the problem.
△38. more: 另外的;额外的(放在数量词之后)
another: 再一(另一…)(放在数量词之前)
1)May I have two _____ apples?
2)May I borrow _______ one book?
used to + 动原: 过去常常做…
△39. be used to + 动原: 被用于做…
be / get used to sth : 习惯于某事
1)He used to be late for school.
2)The knife is used to cut things.
3)He is uesd to hard work.
other: 放在被修饰词之前
△40. else: 放在被修饰词之后,一般修饰不定代词和疑问词
1)other students别的学生
2)anybody else. 其它任何人
what else. 别的什么
△41. so + 形/副
such + 形 + 名
但注意:
1) so +形+a / an + 单名= such a /an +形 +单名
2)so (many / much / few / little) + 名
3)so… that ; such … that如此…以致…
① It was ____ bad weather.
② There are ____ many poor in the country.
③ ____ few animals eat ____ much grass.
④ This city is ____ old, you'd better visit it.
⑤ It's ______ important party ____ I can't miss it.
have / has been to: 曾经去过…
△42. have / has gone to: 已经去了…
have / has been in: 已在…(多久)
注意:1)后接地点副词here, there , home时应省介词
2)与时间段连用只用have /has been in
① --Where's Tom?
--He ______________ Beijing.
② I ______ Beijing several times.
③ She ________ Chengdu for two years.
④ He __________ there twice.
△43."短命"动词 "长命"动词
buy-have ; borrow-keep ; die-be dead ; leave-be away (from); come back-be back; fall asleep-be asleep ; open-be open ;
catch a cold-have a cold; go /get out-be out;
arrive (reach / get to / come to) +地点-be in +地点;join-be in +集体(或be + 成员);
turn on-be on; turn off-be off ;
get a letter from-have a letter from.
end /finish-be over ; get up-be up ;
1) He has (A) bought (B) the fridge (C) for (D) two years. _________
2)How long (A) may (B) I borrow (C) the (D) book? _________
3)The film (A) has begun (B) for five minutes(C). _________
4)Tom has got (A) the letter (B) from (C) Jim for two days (D). __________
5)I have (A) caught (B) a cold since two years ago (C). ____________
6)He has (A) come to (B) Beijing for ten years(C) ___________
7)My brother (A) has joined (B) the army (C) for (D) five years. ___________
44. except: 除…以外(不包括除去的部分)
besides: 除了…,还有…(包括除去的部分)
1) We go to school every day except Sunday.
该句意味着:
We go to school from Monday to Saturday.
2)We all went to the park besides Li Lei.
该句意味着:
We went to the park, and Li Lei went, too.
take: It take sb sometime to do sth.
△45. 主语
pay (money) for sth 是人
buy sth for + money
cost: sth cost sb + money 主语是物
1)I _____ ten yuan on the book.
2)I _____ ten yuan for the book.
3)The book _____ me ten yuan.
4)I _____ the book for ten yuan.
5)It _____ me an hour to do the maths problem
sometime: 某时(与将来时连用)
△46 sometimes: 有时(一般现在时
some time: 一些时候(表时间段)
some times:几次
eg. 1)He _______ (go) to Beijing sometime next week.
2)I _______ (be) to Beijing some times.
47.be to do: 表将来
There is to be a sports meeting next Saturday.
△48.计量:表事物的"长、宽、高、深、远、厚"用 "long ; wide ; high / tall ; deep ; away ; thick.
1)Mr Green is nearly two metres ________
2)The ice is about one metre _________.
3)Our classroom is about twelve metres ______and eight metres __________.
△49.population:不可数名词。指人口的多少用"large / big或small";询问人口的多少用what.
1)What's the population of Germany?
德国的人口是多少?
2)China has a large population.中国人口众多
3)The population (A) of (B) Japan is less (C) than that (D) of India. ____________
另外注意:
表示"有…人口"用have a population of .
Now China has a population of more than one billion. 现在中国有十亿多人口。
eg. make room for: 为…腾出空间
51.seem的用法:
1)seem + adj = seem to be + adj
He seems very angry = He seems to be angry.
2)seem to do
It seems to rain tomorrow.明天似乎要下雨。
3)It seems + that从句
It seems that you are right.你似乎是对的。
1)He talked as if he knew all about it.
他说话的口气好象已经全知道了此事。
2)He opened his mouth as if to say something.
他开口似乎要说什么。
1)We ____ them 5 to 3.
2)In the end we _____ the match.
interested;excited;surprised主语是人。指某
△53.人对…感兴趣/感到兴奋/感到惊奇(只作表语)
interesting;excited;surprising主语是物。指
某物有趣/令人兴奋/使人惊奇(可作定、表语)
1)It's an ________football game.
2)I'm ________ in music.
1)作情态动词,用于否、疑句
△54.need 2)作实义动词 need to do(表主动)
need doing(表被动)
1)You needn't go home now.
2)The bike needs mending.
3)I need to go home now.
△55. alive: 活着的;在世的(常作后置定语)
living: 活着的;没死的(常作前置定语)
1)Both plants and animals are _______ thing.
2)No one ______ will believe it.
△56.否定前移的动词:think , believe , expect , suppose.
1)I didn't expect their team would win.
我希望他们的对不会赢。
2)I don't think he will come tomorrow.
我认为明天他不会来。
look at: (有意识地)看…
△57. see: (look at之后的结果)看见
read: 看(书、报等)
watch: 看(电视、比赛等)
另外注意:1)see a film看电影
2)see a doctor看医生
1)I often ______ newspaper after suppe.
2)He _____ the picture, and ____ some trees in it.
△58. listen to :(有意识地)听…
hear: (listen to之后的结果)听见
He was very sorry to ________ the bad news.
look for:(强调"找"的动作)寻找
△59. find: (look for之后的结果)找到
find out: (经过努力、周折)查出,找出(真相等)
They are ___________ their lost horse.
A. finding B. looking for C. finding out
△60. hope: (可能实现的)愿望
wish: (难以实现的)愿望
另外注意:1)wish to do sth = hope to do sth
2)wish sb to do sth ( )
hope sb to do sth( ╳ )
( )I _____ you to come to school earlier next time. A. wish B. hope C. wants
①enough:放在形、副之后. good enough
△61. ②修饰不定代词(something, anything, nothing)的词应后置。
③else修饰不定代词和疑问词应后置)
1)I have something important to tell you.
2)He didn't run fast enough to catch up with Tom.
had better +动原 否定had better not +动原
△62 Will / Would you please +动原?
Will / Would you please not + 动原?
Will you please not talk in class?
△63. What's the weather like …? …的天气
= How's the weather … ? 怎么样?
△64. find +宾 +形:觉得…怎么样
find it +形 +to do: 觉得做…怎么样
类似用法还有make , think等
1)I find the question ___________(容易).
2)I think it important to learn Englis.
△65. a number of +复名:许多,一些(作主为复)
the number of: …的数目/号码(作主为三单)
The number of the students in our class is 50.
too: 句末 用于肯定句
△66. also: 句中 "也"
either: 否定句末"也不"
1)I don't like reading, she doesn't , ______.
2)Tom is fourteen. Jim is _____fourteen.
△67. already , just : 肯助后
yet: 否、疑末
1)I have already had lunch.
2)I haven't had lunch yet.
68. live: (长时间的)居住
stay: (短时间的)居住
eg. He lives in Changsha, but he's going to stay in Shanghai for a few days
初中英语词汇总结
初中英语词汇总结(上)
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+ do
eg :I like watching monkeys jump
2 (比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越怎么样
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)
4 agree with sb 赞成某人
5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样
6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界
7 along with 同……一道,伴随……
eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样
9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开
15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾
eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够……
eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog
22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视
I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视
23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气
25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高
26 be ashamed to
27 be away from 远离
28 be away from 从……离开
29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生于
31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……
32 be careful 当心;小心
33 be different from…… 和什么不一样
34 be famous for 以……着名
35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好
36 be from = come from 来自
eg :He is from Bejing
He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满
eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water
38 be glad+to+do/从句
39 be going to + v(原) 将来时
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English
42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事
43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处
Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处
44 be in good health 身体健康
45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到
48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的气
50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)
52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观
54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静
56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57 be sick in bed 生病在床
58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you
59 be sorry to hear that
60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles
62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格
64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65 be sure 表确定
66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心
eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心
eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)
68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心
eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试
69 be sure to do sth 一定会做某事
eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试
We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语
70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……
71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什么一样
73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早起
He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉
He is used to working hard He is used to hard work 他习惯努力工作
74 be worth doing 值得做什么
75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句
76 because+句子 because of +短语
eg : He was late because he had a headache
He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78 between…and… 两者之间
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到……为止
83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 关心
eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来
85 catch up with sb 赶上某人
86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地
87 come in 进来
88 come over to 过来
89 come up with 提出
eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗?
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考虑做什么
eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州?
92 dance to 随着……跳舞
eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞
93 decide to do sth 决定做某事
94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查
95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做错
97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事
98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意……
99 each +名(单)每一个……
eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书
100 end up +doing
101 enjoy +doing 喜欢
102 escape from 从……逃跑
eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison 犯人从监狱里逃跑出来
Some gas is escaping from the pipe 有一些气体从管子里冒出
103 expect to do sth 期待做某事
104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来
105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home
107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样? eg : I find the book interesting
109 finish 完成+doing(名词)