抽象名词具体化用法小结

抽象名词具体化是一重要的语法项目，也是困扰考生的难点之一，现就这一语法项目进行归纳总结，为考生指点迷津。抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下四类抽象名词具体化是一重要的语法项目，也是困扰考生的难点之一，现就这一语法项目进行归纳总结，为考生指点迷津。抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下四类：
一、 示情感、情绪的词，强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词有：
1. beauty美、美丽（不可数名词）
a beauty美人、美丽的东西（可数名词）
如：the beauty of nature大自然的美
He regarded his wife as a beauty.他把妻子视为美人。
2. experience经验（不可数名词）
an experience一次经历（可数名词）
如：Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的老师。
An unusual experience一次不同寻常的经历
3. surprise吃惊、惊奇（不可数名词）
a surprise令人吃惊的人或事（可数名词）
如：in surprise惊奇地、吃惊地/to one’s surprise令人吃惊的是
What a surprise to see you here! 在这里见到你真是个意外的事。
4. pleasure愉快、高兴（不可数名词）
a pleasure一个乐事、一个乐趣（可数名词）
如：with pleasure高兴地、乐意地/take pleasure in以…为乐、爱好
It’s a pleasure to work with him. 和他一块儿工作是件乐事。
5. pride骄傲（不可数名词）
a pride令人骄傲的人或事（可数名词）
如：He takes pride in his son.他以儿子为骄傲。
He is a pride to his parents.他是父母的一个骄傲。
6. reality实际（不可数名词）
a reality一个实现的事、现实（可数名词）
如：in reality事实上
His hope has become a reality.它的希望成为了现实。
7. honor荣誉、信誉（不可数名词）
an honor一种光荣的人或事（可数名词）
如：for the honor of the country为了国家的荣誉
It’s an honor to speak here.在这里发言是我的荣幸。
8. success成功（不可数名词）
a success一个成功的人或事（可数名词）
如：be sure of success确信成功
He is a great success as a scientist.作为科学家，他是个伟大的成功者。
9. failure失败（不可数名词）
a failure/failures失败的人或事（可数名词）
如：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
He had had six failures and would have a seventh try.
他已经历六次失败，并将再次努力。
10. comfort安危、舒适（不可数名词）
a comfort一个令人安慰的人或事（可数名词）
如：enjoy comfort享受舒适
Books become a comfort to him.书籍成为他的一种安慰。
11. promise希望、前途、出息（不可数名词）
a promise允诺、诺言（可数名词）
如：The crops are full of promise.这些庄稼长势喜人。
keep/break/carry out a promise信守/违背/履行诺言
12. danger危险（不可数名词）
a danger可能引起危险的人或物（可数名词）
如：In war, a soldier’s life is full of danger.战争中，士兵的生命充满了危险。
The man is a danger to society.那是个对社会危险的人物。
二、 表行为的抽象名词，强调其具体表现形式时，常以a/an加抽象名词，或a/an+形容词+抽象名词。常用短语、句型如下：
have a wonderful supper
have a strong character
have a bright future
have a good time
have a population of
have a good knowledge/understanding of
have an income of
receive a good education
receive a warm welcome
cover an area of
reach a height of
It’s a waste of time/money.
It’s a great help to me.
It’s a pity that…
三、 表示具体动作意义的抽象名词，加a/an与某些动词（have, take, make, give）等词连用时，表示某一次短暂的动作。
have a swim/rest/look/trip/discussion/smoke/wash/sleep
take a walk/bath
give/take a try
make an advance/an early start/an apology
take/have a great interest
go out for a walk
四、 接同源宾语的短语，通常名词表示具体化意义。
die a heroic death
live/lead a happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter life
dream a strange dream
巩固练习：
1. It is often said that teachers have very easy life.
A. 不填；不填 B. 不填；a
C. the; 不填 D. the; 不填
2. He developed deep interest in inspects when he was at age of 8.
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
3. It’s pity that the meeting was complete success.
A. the; 不填 B. a; a
C. a; 不填 D. 不填; a
4. She tried to make the children live , which is great comfort to her.
A. in comfort; a B. in comforts; 不填
C. in a comfort; a D. in comfort; 不填
5. What a great it is to work here! Everybody is so kind to me.
A. failure B. job C. fun D. pleasure
6. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain good knowledge of basic word formation.
A. 不填 B. the C. a D. one
7. “What great surprise to meet you here!” She said in surprise.
A. 不填; 不填 B. a; 不填
C. 不填; the D. a; a
8. M(m)oney plays an important role in material world. But you can’t expect it to give you real happiness.
A. A; the B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. The; the
9. Reading is good habit. Stick to it, and you’ll make great progress.
A. a; 不填 B. a; a C. the; a D. 不填; a
10. –Do you think an advertisement is help when you look for a job?
--Well, it depends. Anyway, it gives me more of chance to try.
A. a; a B. 不填; 不填 C. the; the D. a; the
KEYS:
1—5 BCBAD 6—10 CBCAD