神马文学网的米-漠石‘s Blog
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2007-07-06
文档标准多样与Linux
在很大程度上，常用的 MicroSoft Word/Excel 文档在 Linux 无法完全交换，阻碍了 Linux 的普及，特别是在Ubuntu7推出后，桌面应用的可操作性更加容易之后。
办公文档是各单位及个人最要的电脑资料，广泛用于信息传播，网上资料下载及各单位的内部管理系统，都会维护大量的办公文档，采用的最广泛的，应该是 MicroSoft Wrod/Excel，虽然 OpenOffice 能打开，但不能保证编辑后完全兼容，因此大部分人迫不得已使用 Wine 来编辑文档。
常见的文档格式有金山的 WPS，Adobe 的 pdf，Microsoft Word，OpenOffice，甚至于文档标准就有多个：国内的 UOF，国际的 ODF，微软的 OpenXML，还有 “Adobe的Acrobat 软件和它所支持的 PDF 格式已经得到广泛的认同，现已被国际标准化组织（ISO）评为很多领域的标准，比如，PDF/X 是电子印刷数据交换标准，PDF/A 成为长期保存及存档的电子记录标准。”
如果国际标准统一，并实现完全兼容，将会大大提高Ubuntu的竞争力，减少推广阻力，让用户在做同一件事上，有多种选择。
参考资料：
1、开放文档格式标准ODF/UOF互通互融（IT168-软件频道）
2、中文文档国家标准呼之欲出（天极网）
3、微软OpenXML不示弱 被ECMA批为国际文档标准（天极网）
4、统一文档标准 改善业务流程(赛迪网)
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @05:470 Comments
2007-06-04
安装Windows后，恢复Ubuntu的启动菜单
安装Windows后，MBR上的GRUB被清掉了，按网上资料显示，恢复是相当简单。
确实，若顺利的话，也就两句Grub命令：
root (hd0,1)
setup (hd0)
但是，这是有前提的，你得要用root帐户来操作，虽然这有点象废话，然而我还是犯了这个错误。
由于Grub也是可以由非root帐户执行的，所以在命令行输入grub，没有提示权限不足，只是在进行以上操作时，总是说找不到磁盘，郁闷的说。
错误消息：Error 21: Selected disk does not exist
总结一下，完整而有简单的操作步骤是：
sudo -i
grub
root (hdX,X)
setup (hdX[,X])
quit
sudo -i是取得root权限，以前的命令su的替代，若单执行一条命令，也可以直接sudo grub。
root (hdX,X) 其中“X”是数字，表示第几个磁盘，第几个分区是root所在分区
setup (hdX,[X]) “X”同上，但如果是要将grub安装到MBR，而不是分区的Boot扇区，可以省略后者。
另外有一条非常有用的命令：
find /boot/grub/stage1
它会帮你找出，你的root分区所在的磁盘位置，返回如：(hd0,1)，就不用去瞎猜了。
另外一个问题是，我在安装系统时，喜欢将老系统分区删除，再重建，如此一来，WindowsXp的安装程序重建分区时，竟然留了1M的空间，害得又多出个未分配空间，而且，系统分区的位置也变了，还没细查，估计有可能变成逻辑分区了。还有更可恶的，它竟然将启动分区弄到原来的数据盘上去了，真想不通啊，这实在令人难以接受。愣是把我干净的数据分区的根目录弄得乱七八糟，放上那么多个文件！Windows的分区，不得不让人不屑。
最后，提供一个资源，比较丰富的相关信息，主题与本文相同，作为继续学习资料：
http://blog.linuxmine.com/9084/viewspace-1220
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @07:060 Comments
2007-05-24
初用Ubuntu 7.04 -- 修改分区，添加Windows
想要做多系统，追回一个windows2003。
先是为新系统分配一个磁盘分区。原来的分区为swap, /, /XXX，共三个，将最后一个分区一分为二，变为一个ntfs分区和一个fat32分区，重启系统后，使用ghost，将以前的windows2003备份恢复到新的ntfs分区中。
原先只有一个ubuntu系统，grub被安装在磁盘的mbr中，重启后，进入ubuntu的过程中，提示出错，原因是最后一个分区被修改，导致挂载失败。系统没有直接进入图形的登录界面，而是以root身分，运行了一个shell。令人意想不到的是，输入"reboot"，竟然进入了图形登录界面，输入用户名密码，进入了gnome桌面，这对于没有多少命令记得的我来说，是最好不过了。
进入系统后，为了能正常启动ubuntu和windows2003，需要修改/etc/fstab和/boot/grub/menu.lst这两个文件。
fstab保存了系统自动挂载项目，打开后，将/dev/sda3注释掉（即原来的最后一个分区），再追加新的两个分区的挂载项。
/dev/sda3 /ntfs ntfs noauto,codepage=936,iocharset=cp936 0 0
/dev/sda4 /mos vfat defaults,codepage=936,iocharset=cp936 0 0
这也是从网上参考的，没去查手册，/dev/sda3是第一个磁盘的第3个分区，现在装的是windows2003，这不需要挂载，所以加了noauto选项，否则进入到Gnome桌面后，会自动挂载，并在桌面上出现磁盘图标，不过加了这个选项后，在文件浏览器的位置面板上，还是能看到，但双击时，提示非root不能挂载。
/dev/sda4是我分出来，作为两个系统共同使用的数据存储分区，使用了两个系统都能稳定可靠操作的fat32格式。使用目前的参数，却有一个问题，这个分区对于普通用户来说，是只读的，我只好用sudo来操作写数据，还勉强可以接受，就此也没再去细究。另外还有一个问题是，在ubuntu下将中文文件名的文件复制过去，到windows2003下，变成了乱码，估计也是参数不正确的原因，一般来说，不大会使用中文文件名，所以也就懒得管了。
menu.lst这个文件的修改很顺利，因为它本身就有启动win98/2000的sample，复制过来，去掉注释即可，或再改一下title，启动时菜单等待时间等。。。
title Windows 2003
root (hd0,2)
makeactive
chainloader +1
另外几个选项，含有详细的说明
## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify ‘saved‘ instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command ‘savedefault‘.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not change this entry to ‘saved‘ or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default 0
## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout 3
## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
hiddenmenu
最后一项，如果要默认显示菜单，我估计可能是：showmenu吧，可以试试，或是到网上确认一下。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @06:580 Comments
2007-05-16
初用Ubuntu 7.04 -- 如何完成Windows中常见的设置(陆续添加中...)
同样是图形界面的操作，很多需求是类似的，但Ubuntu的Gnome毕竟与Windows还是有很大的区别，所以初用，总是难免不知道如何设置。
这里将使用过程中遇到的，陆续添加进来，力求使用简单的图形程序来解决，而不是命令行，或是手工编辑配置文件。
1、更改文件的默认打开程序
右键点击文件，选择弹出菜单中的“属性”－“打开方式”，选择自己的要定制的应用程序。
2、设置启动项目，在进入桌面后，自动运行指定的程序，同Windows中的“启动”菜单
选择系统菜单：系统－首选项－会话－启动程序－新建。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @14:300 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 -- 关于输入法
一直以来，对于Ubuntu输入法不甚了解，出了问题，不知道如何配置解决，直到找到这篇文章，才稍稍明白些。
出处：http://comcat.blog.openrays.org/blog-htm-do-showone-tid-58.html（comcat 的BLOG）
解析环境变量XMODIFIERS/GTK_IM_MODULE
作者: comcat 发表日期: 2006-09-05 18:28
我们配置输入法时,都是习惯性的在输入法启动前导出环境变量:
export XMODIFIERS=@im=SCIM
export GTK_IM_MODULE=SCIM
他们有何用意呢??
我们常用的输入法有以下几种:
1. XIM (X输入法, 所有 X 图形程序都是可用的)
2. GTK immodule（GTK输入模块, 专给 GTK+2/Gnome 程序用的，GTK+ 1 不适用）
3. QT immodule（QT输入模块, 专给 QT/KDE 程序用的）
XMODIFIERS实际上是指定 X图形程序的输入法.
GTK_IM_MODULE 则是指定GTK+2的程序默认所用的输入法模块.
有关GTK+2 所有输入法模块都安装在 /usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.4.0/immodules/ 目录下.
关于他们之间的关系,我们有一个比较直观的经验就是, 当我们因为设置XMODIFIERS失误(比如在有些情况下scim小写),导致X输入法没法使用时,我们在gnome-terminal里单击鼠标右键,移动到 "输入法",再选择 "SCIM Input Method"时,我们在gnome-terminal下却是可以输入中文的. 当然前提是我们已经安装scim-gtk2-immodule包.
一般情况下XMODIFIERS的优先级高于GTK_IM_MODULE ,即当我们同时设定这两个环境变量,在GTK+2的应用程序里优先使用的是XMODIFIERS指定的X输入法.
GTK immodule 比起 XIM 有很多好处：
1. 不受 locale 限制
2. 完全不用设定，随时可用，会自动调用 IM server
3. 可以任意切换各种不同 IM server，随时可改,无需重启X.
4. 真正支援游标跟随.
但是因为 c++ 的兼容性问题使 scim-gtk2-immodule 跟许多程序相冲突,故而在目前,如果我们使用scim的话,还不能流畅享受到GTK 输入模块的种种妙处,只能使用 Scim for XIM.
注：mozilla, firefox, thunderbird 等不是正规的 GTK+ 2，没办法用鼠标动态选择输入法. 如果你仅仅使用GTK immodule的话, 一定要使用GTK_IM_MODULE指定默认的GTK 输入模块.
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @08:450 Comments
2007-05-15
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --解决Skype无法启动故障
作为一名Ubuntu的新手，我不知道究竟做了什么，竟然导致Skype无法启动。
运行时，提示：
*** glibc detected *** skype: free(): invalid pointer: 0x08a38bb0 ***
通过网络搜索，找到了相关的解决方案:http://www.cloverjune.com/read.php/142.htm
在他上面，提供了两个解决方案：
一、重新安装libqt3-mt，然后再次安装Skype
sudo apt-get remove skype
sudo apt-get remove libqt3-mt
sudo apt-get install libqt3-mt
sudo apt-get install skype
二、下载rpm包，经转换为deb包的，安装即可。
这个我没试，一般的应用程序都有deb包，也就没去了解如何去进行包格式的转换。
但是遗憾的是，没有具体解析
第一种方案提到的libqt3-mt，据查，是挪威 TrollTech 公司的产品，以下摘引自IBM网站上的文章：http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/guitoolkit/qt/overview/index.html
Qt 是一个跨平台的 C++ 图形用户界面库，由挪威 TrollTech 公司出品，目前包括Qt， 基于 Framebuffer 的 Qt Embedded，快速开发工具 Qt Designer，国际化工具 Qt Linguist 等部分 Qt 支持所有 Unix 系统，当然也包括 Linux，还支持 WinNT/Win2k，Win95/98 平台。
从Debian的网站上可以看到：http://packages.debian.org/unstable/libs/libqt3-mt
Qt GUI Library (Threaded runtime version), Version 3
This is the Trolltech Qt library, version 3. It‘s necessary for applications that link against the libqt-mt.so.3, e.g. all KDE3 applications.
（所有的KDE3应用程序，都要依赖于libqt3-mt)
同样，虽然用的不是KDE，而是Gnome，但Skype依赖于libqt3-mt，所以必须要装。
但我实在是不知道，什么时候，改变过这个包，还是改变了相关的配置。
况且，与提示中的glibc又是什么关系呢？是否libqt3-mt隶属于glibc？但却没找到例证。
从找到的Glibc相关网站上来看，这是一个C链接包，似乎与libqt3-mt没有什么直接的关系（http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/)
倒是有一种可能最大，那就是libqt3-mt调用了Glibc，并且里面有个函数出错了。
疑问到此进行不下去了，也不可能花时间去研究源代码，则只好作罢。
不过按这个思路，不能启动的问题确实是解决了。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @22:011 Comments
2007-05-11
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装VMware Workstation 6.0.0 build-45731
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
由于之前的vmware 5.5.1 build-19175，我不能成功地Bridge到无线网卡，所以下载了最新版的vmware ，重新测试。为了保证得到最新版，我在官方网站直接下载。官方的下载是必须要通过用户登录的，下载文件受到保护，使用MuutiGet下载失败，只好老老实实地用FireFox来下载，速度极慢，只有5~6K左右，而文件有180M多，昨晚睡觉后，继续开机下载。
安装与之前提到的版本一样，也是解开压缩包，执行：
sudo ./vmware-install.pl
Creating a new VMware Workstation installer database using the tar4 format.
Installing VMware Workstation. This may take from several minutes to over an
hour depending upon its size.
In which directory do you want to install the binary files?
[/usr/bin]
What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?
[/etc]
What is the directory that contains the init scripts?
[/etc/init.d]
In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?
[/usr/sbin]
In which directory do you want to install the library files?
[/usr/lib/vmware]
The path "/usr/lib/vmware" does not exist currently. This program is going to
create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
In which directory do you want to install the manual files?
[/usr/share/man]
In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?
[/usr/share/doc/vmware]
The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
The installation of VMware Workstation 6.0.0 build-45731 for Linux completed
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall.pl".
Before running VMware Workstation for the first time, you need to configure it
by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl". Do you want
this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]
Making sure services for VMware Workstation are stopped.
Stopping VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Configuring fallback GTK+ 2.4 libraries.
In which directory do you want to install the theme icons?
[/usr/share/icons]
What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a
.desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications]
In which directory do you want to install the application‘s icon?
[/usr/share/pixmaps]
Trying to find a suitable vmmon module for your running kernel.
The module bld-2.6.20-15-i586generic-Ubuntu7.04 loads perfectly in the running
kernel.
Trying to find a suitable vmblock module for your running kernel.
The module bld-2.6.20-15-i586generic-Ubuntu7.04 loads perfectly in the running
kernel.
Do you want networking for your virtual machines? (yes/no/help) [yes]
Configuring a bridged network for vmnet0.
Your computer has multiple ethernet network interfaces available: eth0, eth1,
eth0:avah. Which one do you want to bridge to vmnet0? [eth0]
The following bridged networks have been defined:
. vmnet0 is bridged to eth0
Do you wish to configure another bridged network? (yes/no) [no] y
Configuring a bridged network for vmnet2.
Your computer has multiple ethernet network interfaces available: eth1,
eth0:avah. Which one do you want to bridge to vmnet2? [eth0] eth1
The following bridged networks have been defined:
. vmnet0 is bridged to eth0
. vmnet2 is bridged to eth1
Do you wish to configure another bridged network? (yes/no) [no]
Do you want to be able to use NAT networking in your virtual machines? (yes/no)
[yes]
Configuring a NAT network for vmnet8.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help)
[yes]
Probing for an unused private subnet (this can take some time)...
The subnet 172.16.185.0/255.255.255.0 appears to be unused.
The following NAT networks have been defined:
. vmnet8 is a NAT network on private subnet 172.16.185.0.
Do you wish to configure another NAT network? (yes/no) [no]
Do you want to be able to use host-only networking in your virtual machines?
[yes]
Configuring a host-only network for vmnet1.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help)
[yes]
Probing for an unused private subnet (this can take some time)...
The subnet 192.168.217.0/255.255.255.0 appears to be unused.
The following host-only networks have been defined:
. vmnet1 is a host-only network on private subnet 192.168.217.0.
Do you wish to configure another host-only network? (yes/no) [no]
Trying to find a suitable vmnet module for your running kernel.
The module bld-2.6.20-15-i586generic-Ubuntu7.04 loads perfectly in the running
kernel.
Do you want to install the Eclipse Integrated Virtual Debugger? You must have
the Eclipse IDE installed. [no]
Creating a new VMware VIX API installer database using the tar4 format.
Installing VMware VIX API. This may take from several minutes to over an hour
depending upon its size.
You must read and accept the VMware VIX API End User License Agreement to
continue.
Press enter to display it.
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ANY EVENT, EXCEED US$5.00.
THE FOREGOING LIMITATIONS SHALL APPLY TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER VMWARE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER ANY REMEDY FAILS OF
ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE.
10. These terms are governed by the laws of the State of California and the
United States of America without regard to conflict of laws principles. You
may not assign any part of this Agreement without the prior written consent
of VMware. Any attempted assignment without consent shall be void. These
terms constitute the entire agreement between you and VMware with respect to
the SDK, and supersede all prior written or oral communications,
understandings and agreements. Any waiver of these terms must be in writing
to be effective. If any provision of these terms is found to be invalid or
unenforceable, the remaining terms will continue to be valid and enforceable
to the fullest extent permitted by law.
SDK 4.05.07
Do you accept? (yes/no) y
Thank you.
In which directory do you want to install the VMware VIX API binary files?
[/usr/bin]
In which directory do you want to install the VMware VIX API library files?
[/usr/lib/vmware-vix/lib]
The path "/usr/lib/vmware-vix/lib" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
In which directory do you want to install the VMware VIX API document pages?
[/usr/share/doc/vmware-vix]
The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-vix" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
The installation of VMware VIX API 1.1.0 build-45731 for Linux completed
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-vix.pl".
Starting VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Blocking file system: done
Virtual ethernet done
Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet0 done
Host network detection done
Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet1 (background) done
DHCP server on /dev/vmnet1 done
Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet2 done
Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet8 (background) done
DHCP server on /dev/vmnet8 done
NAT service on /dev/vmnet8 done
The configuration of VMware Workstation 6.0.0 build-45731 for Linux for this
running kernel completed successfully.
You can now run VMware Workstation by invoking the following command:
"/usr/bin/vmware".
Enjoy,
--the VMware team
在我的机子上，eth0是有线连接，eth1是无线连接，将/dev/vmnet2 bridge 到eth1上，启动Windows98,使用Bridged方式，无法取到无线路由器DHCP分配的地址，改用Custom:/dev/vmnet2后，成功取得IP并连接上网。
然而，在使用工行的U盾时，遇到了麻烦，接入U盾，不能自动连接到GuestOS。在Vmware的论坛中，找到的解决方案是，启动GuestOS后，点击菜单VM-Removable Devices - USB Devices 中的Smart Card，这样GuestOS就会加载U盾，并安装驱动程序。这与我以前在Windows作Host时的体验不同，那时只要直接将设置接入，如果当前GuestOS窗口被激活，就会自动加载。
虽然U盾被加载到GuestOS了，但是使用工行的驱动，在管理器程序中，却看不到接入的U盾，自然，在IE中也无法使用。
再拿U盘来做测试，安装USB的万能驱动，使用一切正常，那看来，有可能是U盾的驱动与Vmware不兼容，或许为了安全目的，加了特殊的手段。
但也有可能是GuestOS的问题，这不是在VMware6.0下安装的，抽时间从头安装再试试。
BTW，在Windows下，图形处理用惯了Photoshop，使用GMIP比较困难，想画线条都不知道怎么画，又得要花时间去学习了。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @06:343 Comments
2007-05-10
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --微软的雅黑字体
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
在Ubuntu中文社区，看到别人使用了微软的雅黑字体，真的很漂亮，也到网上去下载。
我没怎么美化，那份指南看上去太恐怖了点，还是简单点吧，不一定要很完美。
将包文件解开，复制两个字体文件到系统的字体目录下，然后注销重新登录（不然在FireFox2.0.3的配置字体时，找不到）,改一下系统字体与相关应用的字体即可。
改完FireFox后，打开网页，感觉真的很好：-）
然而，打开我自己的博客，却还是老样子，难道是样式表的原因？于是我将所有的样式去除，但照旧。仔细检查了源代码，终于被我发现文档定义部分比其它网页多了一个语言：lang="en"
完整代码：
将它删除后：
问题解决了，漂亮的字体出现在我眼前：-）
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @20:490 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装MultiGet下载软件
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
作品网站：http://multiget.sourceforge.net/
这应该是一个国人开发的Linux下的作品，呵呵，运行后，看到几个汉字了(百年同济)。。。
选择deb格式的文件，下载后，直接运行安装即可。
安装过程中，图形界面的安装器会自动帮你检查依赖包，并下载安装当前系统缺少的依赖包。
安装完成后，在Application-Internet中，可以找到它，不过图标好像有点“土气”：-）
打开后，这个软件与我们在Windows下常用的下载软件很想象，如网络蚂蚁，网际快车等，大概是这类软件的界面经过长期摸索与客户反馈，已经差不多定型了吧。
Linux向来图形界面不为人看好，网上相关的资料也喜欢用命令行来执行操作，但时至今天，Linux的图形界面已经越来越人性化了，象添加/删除软件这种操作，基本上都可以在桌面上完成了，没必要再开个终端：-）
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @18:290 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --RAR文件的解包
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
参考：http://www.ubuntux.org/how-to-install-rar-archiver-rar
打开终端，运行下面的命令
sudo apt-get install rar
sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/unrar
然后就可以打开RAR文件了。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @18:170 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04--GRUB的麻烦
由于我的vmware5.5.1无法bridge到我的无线网卡，而我又有待处理的淘宝帐单，所以决定先回到Windows2003，处理完帐单后，再回归Ubuntu，到时试试vmware6beta看看，是否能解决这个问题。
我备有windows2003的ghost备份文件，使用无忧光盘启动映象制作的DVD光盘。从这张光盘启动后，我将系统恢复到原Linux分区，完成后重新启动。
然而，启动后，出现的不是Windows2003的画面，而是grub的出错信息，这是因为将grub安装到硬盘的mbr所致（linux分区已被覆盖，启动失败）。解决的办法自然是恢复成Windows的默认mbr程序。首先想到的是使用Dos命令fdisk/mbr。于是使用光盘启动系统，执行这条命令后，却显示了一个出错提示，似乎是没找到硬盘的意思，真怪了！直接输入命令fdisk，却无法进入，在选择是否支持大容量硬盘后，直接返回到命令提示符下了，不知道是什么原因。
想了想，还有什么其它工具提供mbr修复呢？在启动光盘上找了找，发现了diskman，但没有mbr修复功能，倒是可以直接编辑mbr，这个难度就大了点啦。。。呵呵。但发现没有设置激活的分区，于是将windows2003的分区激活。重新启动，还是不行，是啊，这是mbr的问题，还没到启动分区的boot这一步哪。
在光盘里再次翻找，又有一个软件进入我的视线，sfdisk，也是一个快速分区软件，并且找到了mbr修复选项，OK，修复，重启。这回显示的是一大堆E文，大意应该是分区识别有问题吧。
这回，我直接在sfdisk中，删除了系统分区和原来的linux交换分区，并重建了一个分区，设置为激活分区，再重新启动并重新恢复ghost备份文件，重启，OK。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @12:590 Comments
2007-05-08
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装vmware 5.5.1 build-19175
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
注册序列号(网上搜索得来)
DA925-HP80U-Z8HDC-4WXXP
3KW2W-AYR2C-88M6F-4MDQ2
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
为了有时可能需要跑Windows，所以得装个虚拟机，在网上搜索到一个vmware 5.5.1 build-19175的下载，Go！
下载完成后，解开压缩包，执行里面的vmware-install.pl，一路回车，最后提示第一次运行Vmware，要进行配置，问你要不要马上执行vmware-config.pl（这个文件，安装后，可以在/usr/bin目录下找到）输入个”y”，再一路回车，到下面卡住了。。。
What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running
kernel? [/usr/src/linux/include]
The path "/usr/src/linux/include" is not an existing directory.
呵呵，我哪知道内核的头文件在哪啊，上网找吧，得到的信息说最新版的Ubuntu还不被支持，但可以下载一个补丁程序来解决，Vmware-any-any-update,一个名叫Petr Vandrovec (vandrove@vc.cvut.cz)的人制作的。Petr Vandrovec ,From 捷克技术大学(布拉格捷克斯洛伐克技术大学) ,
Czech Technical University in Prague www.cvut.cz
下载地址：http://platan.vc.cvut.cz/ftp/pub/vmware/vmware-any-any-update109.tar.gz
下载之后，解开压缩包，运行runme.pl
sudo ./runme.pl
Updating /usr/bin/vmware-config.pl ... already patched
Updating /usr/bin/vmware ... No patch needed/available
Updating /usr/bin/vmnet-bridge ... No patch needed/available
Updating /usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-vmx ... No patch needed/available
Updating /usr/lib/vmware/bin-debug/vmware-vmx ... No patch needed/available
VMware modules in "/usr/lib/vmware/modules/source" has been updated.
Before running VMware for the first time after update, you need to configure it
for your running kernel by invoking the following command:
"/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl". Do you want this script to invoke the command for
you now? [yes] y
Making sure services for VMware Workstation are stopped.
Stopping VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Configuring fallback GTK+ 2.4 libraries.
In which directory do you want to install the mime type icons?
[/usr/share/icons]
What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a
.desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications]
In which directory do you want to install the application‘s icon?
[/usr/share/pixmaps]
Trying to find a suitable vmmon module for your running kernel.
None of the pre-built vmmon modules for VMware Workstation is suitable for your
running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmmon module for
your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)? [yes] y
Using compiler "/usr/bin/gcc". Use environment variable CC to override.
What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running
kernel? [/lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include]
Extracting the sources of the vmmon module.
Building the vmmon module.
Building for VMware Workstation 5.5.0 or 5.5.1.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only‘
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/driver.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/hostif.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/cpuid.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/hash.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/memtrack.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/phystrack.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/task.o
gcc: error trying to exec ‘cc1plus‘: execvp: No such file or directory
make[2]: *** [/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/task.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_module_/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
make: *** [vmmon.ko] Error 2
make: Leaving directory `/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only‘
Unable to build the vmmon module.
For more information on how to troubleshoot module-related problems, please
visit our Web site at "http://www.vmware.com/download/modules/modules.html" and
"http://www.vmware.com/support/reference/linux/prebuilt_modules_linux.html".
Execution aborted.
哎，出错了，编译失败，查看错误消息，是有个文件找不着，搜索一把，原来是没装g++包的原因，OK，装上它吧：
sudo apt-get install g++
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
Reading state information... 完成
将会安装下列额外的软件包：
g++-4.1 libc6-dev libstdc++6-4.1-dev linux-libc-dev
建议安装的软件包：
gcc-4.1-doc lib64stdc++6 glibc-doc manpages-dev libstdc++6-4.1-doc
下列【新】软件包将被安装：
g++ g++-4.1 libc6-dev libstdc++6-4.1-dev linux-libc-dev
共升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 5 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 15 个软件未被升级。
需要下载 7896kB 的软件包。
解压缩后会消耗掉 32.9MB 的额外空间。
您希望继续执行吗？[Y/n]y
获取：1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main linux-libc-dev 2.6.20-15.27 [664kB]
获取：2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main libc6-dev 2.5-0ubuntu14 [3018kB]
获取：3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main libstdc++6-4.1-dev 4.1.2-0ubuntu4 [1632kB]
获取：4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main g++-4.1 4.1.2-0ubuntu4 [2581kB]
获取：5 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main g++ 4:4.1.2-1ubuntu1 [1428B]
下载 7896kB，耗时 9m2s (14.6kB/s)
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 linux-libc-dev。
(正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前总共安装有 88121 个文件和目录。)
正在解压缩 linux-libc-dev (从 .../linux-libc-dev_2.6.20-15.27_i386.deb) ...
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 libc6-dev。
正在解压缩 libc6-dev (从 .../libc6-dev_2.5-0ubuntu14_i386.deb) ...
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 libstdc++6-4.1-dev。
正在解压缩 libstdc++6-4.1-dev (从 .../libstdc++6-4.1-dev_4.1.2-0ubuntu4_i386.deb) ...
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 g++-4.1。
正在解压缩 g++-4.1 (从 .../g++-4.1_4.1.2-0ubuntu4_i386.deb) ...
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 g++。
正在解压缩 g++ (从 .../g++_4%3a4.1.2-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...
正在设置 linux-libc-dev (2.6.20-15.27) ...
正在设置 libc6-dev (2.5-0ubuntu14) ...
正在设置 g++-4.1 (4.1.2-0ubuntu4) ...
正在设置 libstdc++6-4.1-dev (4.1.2-0ubuntu4) ...
正在设置 g++ (4.1.2-1ubuntu1) ...
g++安装成功后，再次运行vmware的配置程序：
cd /usr/bin
sudo ./vmware-config.pl
Password:
Making sure services for VMware Workstation are stopped.
Stopping VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Configuring fallback GTK+ 2.4 libraries.
In which directory do you want to install the mime type icons?
[/usr/share/icons]
What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a
.desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications]
In which directory do you want to install the application‘s icon?
[/usr/share/pixmaps]
Trying to find a suitable vmmon module for your running kernel.
None of the pre-built vmmon modules for VMware Workstation is suitable for your
running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmmon module for
your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)? [yes] y
Using compiler "/usr/bin/gcc". Use environment variable CC to override.
What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running
kernel? [/lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include]
Extracting the sources of the vmmon module.
Building the vmmon module.
Building for VMware Workstation 5.5.0 or 5.5.1.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only‘
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/linux/driver.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/linux/hostif.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/cpuid.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/hash.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/memtrack.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/phystrack.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task.o
cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wdeclaration-after-statement" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wno-pointer-sign" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wstrict-prototypes" is valid for Ada/C/ObjC but not for C++
cc1plus: warning: command line option "-ffreestanding" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMCrossPage*, VMDriver*) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageV321]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMCrossPage*, VMDriver*) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageV3]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMCrossPage*, VMDriver*) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageGSX1]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMCrossPage*, VMDriver*) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageV2]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM_V4(VMDriver*, Vcpuid) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageV4]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMDriver*, Vcpuid)’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘void Task_Switch_V45(VMDriver*, Vcpuid)’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1713: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1713: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1713: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1713: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ may be used uninitialized in this function
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/vmx86.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmcore/compat.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmcore/moduleloop.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmmon.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmmon.mod.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmmon.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
cp -f vmmon.ko ./../vmmon.o
make: Leaving directory `/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only‘
The module loads perfectly in the running kernel.
Do you want networking for your virtual machines? (yes/no/help) [yes] y
Configuring a bridged network for vmnet0.
Your computer has multiple ethernet network interfaces available: eth0, eth1,
eth0:avah. Which one do you want to bridge to vmnet0? [eth0] eth1
The following bridged networks have been defined:
. vmnet0 is bridged to eth1
Do you wish to configure another bridged network? (yes/no) [no] n
Do you want to be able to use NAT networking in your virtual machines? (yes/no)
[yes] n
Do you want to be able to use host-only networking in your virtual machines?
[no] y
Configuring a host-only network for vmnet1.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help)
[yes] help
Virtual machines configured to use host-only networking are placed on a virtual
network that is confined to this host. Virtual machines on this network can
communicate with each other and the host, but no one else.
To setup this host-only networking you need to select a network number that is
normally unreachable from the host. We can automatically select this number for
you, or you can specify a network number that you want.
The automatic selection process works by testing a series of Class C subnet
numbers to see if they are reachable from the host. The first one that is
unreachable is used. The subnet numbers are chosen from the private network
numbers specified by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in RFC 1918
(http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1918.txt).
Remember that the host-only network that virtual machines reside on will not be
accessible outside the host machine. This means that it is OK to use the same
number on different systems so long as you do not enable communication between
these networks.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help)
[yes] y
Probing for an unused private subnet (this can take some time)...
The subnet 192.168.45.0/255.255.255.0 appears to be unused.
The following host-only networks have been defined:
. vmnet1 is a host-only network on private subnet 192.168.45.0.
Do you wish to configure another host-only network? (yes/no) [no] n
Extracting the sources of the vmnet module.
Building the vmnet module.
Building for VMware Workstation 5.5.0 or 5.5.1.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only‘
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/driver.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/hub.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/userif.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/netif.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/bridge.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/procfs.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/smac_compat.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/smac_linux.x386.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/vmnet.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/vmnet.mod.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/vmnet.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
cp -f vmnet.ko ./../vmnet.o
make: Leaving directory `/tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only‘
The module loads perfectly in the running kernel.
Starting VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Virtual ethernet done
Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet0 done
Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet1 (background) done
The configuration of VMware Workstation 5.5.1 build-19175 for Linux for this
running kernel completed successfully.
You can now run VMware Workstation by invoking the following command:
"/usr/bin/vmware".
Enjoy,
--the VMware team
这次顺利地完成了！
运行/usr/bin/vmware
终于，期待已久的vmware窗口出来了。马上打开，却发现打开对话框中没有NTFS的盘，可能是系统不支持读写的原因吧，那就复制到Home吧，OK，我的Windows98出来了，呵呵，强啊，文件格式与Windows下的一样，虚拟机文件直接拿来就可以跑了。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @11:391 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装Skype
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
装完系统后，在应用程序（Application）的Internet菜单中，Gaim程序，可以登录MSN，QQ，ICQ等等，基本上比较流行的聊天软件都有了，但没有Skype，于是我上网去下载。在Skype的官方网站，For Linux的下载列表中，没有For Ubuntu的，通过Google，得到了For Debian的下载地址（Ubuntu是基于Debian内核的。
下载地址：http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb
下载完成后，进行安装，后面所跟的文件名，以实际下载后的文件名为准。
sudo dpkg -i ./skype_debian-1.3.0.53-1_i386.deb
Password:
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 skype。
(正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前总共安装有 88037 个文件和目录。)
正在解压缩 skype (从 .../skype_debian-1.3.0.53-1_i386.deb) ...
dpkg：依赖关系问题使得 skype 的配置工作不能继续：
skype 依赖于 libqt3-mt | libqt3c102-mt (>= 3:3.3.3.2)；然而：
未曾安装软件包“libqt3-mt”。
未曾安装软件包“libqt3c102-mt”。
dpkg：处理 skype (--install)时出错：
依赖关系问题 - 仍未被配置
在处理时有错误发生：
skype
以上，郁闷，缺少依赖包，但我不知道怎么安装依赖包，我试着输入命令：
sudo apt-get -install libqt3-mt
但是出错了，折腾了半天也没成功，于是上网去搜索，有人提醒说，直接下载动态或是静态的二进制包即可，于是下载了静态包，解压后，直接运行，OK。
本来这事，到这也就结了，但我发现，打开Update Manager出错了！提示输入命令进行修复。
sudo apt-get install -f
Password:
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
Reading state information... 完成
正在更正依赖关系... 完成
将会安装下列额外的软件包：
libqt3-mt
建议安装的软件包：
libqt3-mt-psql libqt3-mt-mysql libqt3-mt-odbc
下列【新】软件包将被安装：
libqt3-mt
共升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 1 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 15 个软件未被升级。
有 1 个软件包没有被完全安装或卸载。
需要下载 3299kB 的软件包。
解压缩后会消耗掉 9130kB 的额外空间。
您希望继续执行吗？[Y/n]y
获取：1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main libqt3-mt 3:3.3.8really3.3.7-0ubuntu5 [3299kB]
下载 3299kB，耗时 1m31s (36.1kB/s)
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 libqt3-mt。
(正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前总共安装有 88088 个文件和目录。)
正在解压缩 libqt3-mt (从 .../libqt3-mt_3%3a3.3.8really3.3.7-0ubuntu5_i386.deb) ...
正在设置 libqt3-mt (3.3.8really3.3.7-0ubuntu5) ...
正在设置 skype (1.3.0.53-1) ...
呵呵，系统自动帮我安装了我想装但没装上的依赖包libqt3-mt，还智能地修复了skype，这时，到菜单里，发现Internet中多了Skype，OK，不要静态包了：-）
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @09:410 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装截图软件scrot
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
相关博客文章：http://www.fwolf.com/blog/post/215
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
在Ubuntu中，桌面系统自带有截图功能，只要按PrintScreen功能键，就可以保存整个屏幕，也可以按Alt+PrintScreen组合键，保存当前激活的窗口，操作与Windows的一样，只不过，Windows中复制到剪贴板中，而Ubuntu则是直接跳出保存对话框。
但是，比如我要将输入汉字时，输入法的提示栏给保存下来，用上面的办法就不行，我只要按下键盘，输入法提示栏就自动消失了，没办法，找个专业户来干这事吧。
通过Google搜索，我选择了Scrot，正如这位博客说的：“还有其他的几个截图软件，比如SnapALL，但毕竟不如apt中有的scrot方便呀。”，具体的就不多说了，参考这个博客的文章。
我装好以后，在命令行输入scrot -d 3，命令行会停留在那里，进行计时，并截图，我赶紧切换到文档编辑器，输入汉字，呵呵，好像3秒太少了点，可能是我的手脚太慢了吧：-）
在将这款软件加到菜单时，我没找到这位博客所说的“Alacarte Menu Editor”，或许是版本不同，叫法不同吧。我是在System菜单下，选择首选项中的“Main Menu"来添加的，请参考图片，点击New Item来追加。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @09:191 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 -- 安装五笔输入法
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
小企鹅输入法官方网站：http://www.fcitx.org/
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
装完了Ubuntu后，桌面的操作体验不错，打开/移动窗口比较流畅，不像前几年装的Linux，在Gnome下，窗口操作那是明显的迟滞感，很不爽，现在终于爽了一把：-），不知道是不是我那时没装显卡驱动的原因，不过现在我也没装，不知道这个系统认不认我的ATI显卡。反正我在硬件信息里是没找着。
上网，用FireFox，桌面顶上的系统栏上那个明显的大大的FF图标，一点即可。嘿嘿，我用的是无线上网，系统安装完毕，已经帮我找到可用的无线网络了，我只要输入访问密码即可。但问题来了，我没办法输入汉字，虽然我习惯使用五笔，可是连拼音也没有！！！看来得想办法了。
Google吧（没装汉字输入法，所以搜索时，只好用汉语拼音，再将对应的汉字复制出来，重新搜一把），找到一个：http://softbbs.pconline.com.cn/topic.jsp?tid=6992788&lastUpdate=04-27.19:33
但是，不知道是版本问题还是怎么地，我打开的SCIM输入法设置界面，是全E文的，试了好多次，也没有成功，只好作罢，另想办法了。
再次Google，我选择了Fcitx这个输入法，安装比较简单：
sudo apt-get install fcitx
sudo sh -c " echo ‘export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx ; export GTK_IM_MODULE="fcitx" ; fcitx ‘ > /etc/X11/Xsession.d/95xinput "
sudo chmod +rwxXst /etc/X11/Xsession.d/95xinput
输入以上三条命令后，注销系统后，重新登录，在屏幕的上中部，就出来这个可爱的输入法了，切换使用Ctrl+Space，还支持拼音，五笔等，好，终于可以写汉字了。
我们来看一下，这些命令具体代表什么意思：
1. sudo，每条命令里，都有这个词，以前我知道在Linux中有个su的命令，作用是暂时转到root帐号下，进行系统管理，那顾名思义，这个应该就是转到管理员帐号，并执行某个命令了。
2. apt-get install fcitx，这个也能猜到，应该是从Ubuntu网站上取得fcitx这个软件，并安装。
3. sh -c ..... 这条命令就不清楚了，只知道sh是shell，类似于Windows下的Command.com/Cmd.com，是命令行程序。感觉似乎是打印(echo)一行文本，通过管导符>，输出到一个文件中，这应该是修改系统输入法的配置文件吧，追加新安装的输入法，以便系统启动时，自动加载。
4. chmod，这一句的意图应该是修改配置文件的可访问权限，至于为什么要修改，就不明白了，难道输入法fcitx，在当前用户（非管理员）的环境下，要访问这个文件？
其中，最后一条命令，网上搜索来的，其实是：
sudo chmod +755 /etc/X11/Xsession.d/95xinput
在Ubuntu中，模式值，似乎不再支持使用数字，而改用表义字母了，嗯，相对要人性化了一点（在文件浏览器中，好象也可以设置，那是全图形化的，更傻瓜式），我也不知道755代表什么，也懒得查，只想早点把输入法搞定，所以，当命令行提示：
chmod: invalid mode: `+755‘
Try `chmod --help‘ for more information.
那我就Try吧：
$ chmod --help
Usage: chmod [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
or: chmod [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
or: chmod [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.
-c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made
--no-preserve-root do not treat `/‘ specially (the default)
--preserve-root fail to operate recursively on `/‘
-f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages
-v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed
--reference=RFILE use RFILE‘s mode instead of MODE values
-R, --recursive change files and directories recursively
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Each MODE is of the form `[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+‘.
Report bugs to .
看到粗体部分了？不管他，全加上吧：-）
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @07:470 Comments
安装Ubuntu 7.04
Ubuntu 7.04发布了，想看看怎么样，于是上网下了最新的Desktop的映象文件，大概700M多一点。
我的机器是Sony S16的本本，512M内存，原来的系统是Windows XP Pro，装了Vmware5.5,加载安装CD后，顺利进入了Live CD的桌面，感觉界面挺爽的，越来越接近Windows的操作体验了。
但是，在VM中，我点击安装，系统却失去了响应，好几次都是这样，也没去网上找原因，心想，这系统看上去挺不错的，算了，直接拿来换掉Windows XP吧。
要直接安装Ubuntu，我首先将ISO文件刻录成光盘（没有CD盘，用了张DVD，有点浪费：-），用光盘启动后，在安装过程中，选择手动分区（我有两个NTFS分区，一个是原XP系统盘，一个是数据盘，数据当然不想丢掉），删除原系统分区，新建一个800M的SWAP，其余全挂载到/。安装非常顺利，重新启动后，进入系统，漂亮！
Labels:Ubuntu
文档标准多样与Linux
在很大程度上，常用的 MicroSoft Word/Excel 文档在 Linux 无法完全交换，阻碍了 Linux 的普及，特别是在Ubuntu7推出后，桌面应用的可操作性更加容易之后。
办公文档是各单位及个人最要的电脑资料，广泛用于信息传播，网上资料下载及各单位的内部管理系统，都会维护大量的办公文档，采用的最广泛的，应该是 MicroSoft Wrod/Excel，虽然 OpenOffice 能打开，但不能保证编辑后完全兼容，因此大部分人迫不得已使用 Wine 来编辑文档。
常见的文档格式有金山的 WPS，Adobe 的 pdf，Microsoft Word，OpenOffice，甚至于文档标准就有多个：国内的 UOF，国际的 ODF，微软的 OpenXML，还有 “Adobe的Acrobat 软件和它所支持的 PDF 格式已经得到广泛的认同，现已被国际标准化组织（ISO）评为很多领域的标准，比如，PDF/X 是电子印刷数据交换标准，PDF/A 成为长期保存及存档的电子记录标准。”
如果国际标准统一，并实现完全兼容，将会大大提高Ubuntu的竞争力，减少推广阻力，让用户在做同一件事上，有多种选择。
参考资料：
1、开放文档格式标准ODF/UOF互通互融（IT168-软件频道）
2、中文文档国家标准呼之欲出（天极网）
3、微软OpenXML不示弱 被ECMA批为国际文档标准（天极网）
4、统一文档标准 改善业务流程(赛迪网)
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @05:470 Comments
2007-06-04
安装Windows后，恢复Ubuntu的启动菜单
安装Windows后，MBR上的GRUB被清掉了，按网上资料显示，恢复是相当简单。
确实，若顺利的话，也就两句Grub命令：
root (hd0,1)
setup (hd0)
但是，这是有前提的，你得要用root帐户来操作，虽然这有点象废话，然而我还是犯了这个错误。
由于Grub也是可以由非root帐户执行的，所以在命令行输入grub，没有提示权限不足，只是在进行以上操作时，总是说找不到磁盘，郁闷的说。
错误消息：Error 21: Selected disk does not exist
总结一下，完整而有简单的操作步骤是：
sudo -i
grub
root (hdX,X)
setup (hdX[,X])
quit
sudo -i是取得root权限，以前的命令su的替代，若单执行一条命令，也可以直接sudo grub。
root (hdX,X) 其中“X”是数字，表示第几个磁盘，第几个分区是root所在分区
setup (hdX,[X]) “X”同上，但如果是要将grub安装到MBR，而不是分区的Boot扇区，可以省略后者。
另外有一条非常有用的命令：
find /boot/grub/stage1
它会帮你找出，你的root分区所在的磁盘位置，返回如：(hd0,1)，就不用去瞎猜了。
另外一个问题是，我在安装系统时，喜欢将老系统分区删除，再重建，如此一来，WindowsXp的安装程序重建分区时，竟然留了1M的空间，害得又多出个未分配空间，而且，系统分区的位置也变了，还没细查，估计有可能变成逻辑分区了。还有更可恶的，它竟然将启动分区弄到原来的数据盘上去了，真想不通啊，这实在令人难以接受。愣是把我干净的数据分区的根目录弄得乱七八糟，放上那么多个文件！Windows的分区，不得不让人不屑。
最后，提供一个资源，比较丰富的相关信息，主题与本文相同，作为继续学习资料：
http://blog.linuxmine.com/9084/viewspace-1220
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @07:060 Comments
2007-05-24
初用Ubuntu 7.04 -- 修改分区，添加Windows
想要做多系统，追回一个windows2003。
先是为新系统分配一个磁盘分区。原来的分区为swap, /, /XXX，共三个，将最后一个分区一分为二，变为一个ntfs分区和一个fat32分区，重启系统后，使用ghost，将以前的windows2003备份恢复到新的ntfs分区中。
原先只有一个ubuntu系统，grub被安装在磁盘的mbr中，重启后，进入ubuntu的过程中，提示出错，原因是最后一个分区被修改，导致挂载失败。系统没有直接进入图形的登录界面，而是以root身分，运行了一个shell。令人意想不到的是，输入"reboot"，竟然进入了图形登录界面，输入用户名密码，进入了gnome桌面，这对于没有多少命令记得的我来说，是最好不过了。
进入系统后，为了能正常启动ubuntu和windows2003，需要修改/etc/fstab和/boot/grub/menu.lst这两个文件。
fstab保存了系统自动挂载项目，打开后，将/dev/sda3注释掉（即原来的最后一个分区），再追加新的两个分区的挂载项。
/dev/sda3 /ntfs ntfs noauto,codepage=936,iocharset=cp936 0 0
/dev/sda4 /mos vfat defaults,codepage=936,iocharset=cp936 0 0
这也是从网上参考的，没去查手册，/dev/sda3是第一个磁盘的第3个分区，现在装的是windows2003，这不需要挂载，所以加了noauto选项，否则进入到Gnome桌面后，会自动挂载，并在桌面上出现磁盘图标，不过加了这个选项后，在文件浏览器的位置面板上，还是能看到，但双击时，提示非root不能挂载。
/dev/sda4是我分出来，作为两个系统共同使用的数据存储分区，使用了两个系统都能稳定可靠操作的fat32格式。使用目前的参数，却有一个问题，这个分区对于普通用户来说，是只读的，我只好用sudo来操作写数据，还勉强可以接受，就此也没再去细究。另外还有一个问题是，在ubuntu下将中文文件名的文件复制过去，到windows2003下，变成了乱码，估计也是参数不正确的原因，一般来说，不大会使用中文文件名，所以也就懒得管了。
menu.lst这个文件的修改很顺利，因为它本身就有启动win98/2000的sample，复制过来，去掉注释即可，或再改一下title，启动时菜单等待时间等。。。
title Windows 2003
root (hd0,2)
makeactive
chainloader +1
另外几个选项，含有详细的说明
## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify ‘saved‘ instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command ‘savedefault‘.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not change this entry to ‘saved‘ or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default 0
## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout 3
## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
hiddenmenu
最后一项，如果要默认显示菜单，我估计可能是：showmenu吧，可以试试，或是到网上确认一下。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @06:580 Comments
2007-05-16
初用Ubuntu 7.04 -- 如何完成Windows中常见的设置(陆续添加中...)
同样是图形界面的操作，很多需求是类似的，但Ubuntu的Gnome毕竟与Windows还是有很大的区别，所以初用，总是难免不知道如何设置。
这里将使用过程中遇到的，陆续添加进来，力求使用简单的图形程序来解决，而不是命令行，或是手工编辑配置文件。
1、更改文件的默认打开程序
右键点击文件，选择弹出菜单中的“属性”－“打开方式”，选择自己的要定制的应用程序。
2、设置启动项目，在进入桌面后，自动运行指定的程序，同Windows中的“启动”菜单
选择系统菜单：系统－首选项－会话－启动程序－新建。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @14:300 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 -- 关于输入法
一直以来，对于Ubuntu输入法不甚了解，出了问题，不知道如何配置解决，直到找到这篇文章，才稍稍明白些。
出处：http://comcat.blog.openrays.org/blog-htm-do-showone-tid-58.html（comcat 的BLOG）
解析环境变量XMODIFIERS/GTK_IM_MODULE
作者: comcat 发表日期: 2006-09-05 18:28
我们配置输入法时,都是习惯性的在输入法启动前导出环境变量:
export XMODIFIERS=@im=SCIM
export GTK_IM_MODULE=SCIM
他们有何用意呢??
我们常用的输入法有以下几种:
1. XIM (X输入法, 所有 X 图形程序都是可用的)
2. GTK immodule（GTK输入模块, 专给 GTK+2/Gnome 程序用的，GTK+ 1 不适用）
3. QT immodule（QT输入模块, 专给 QT/KDE 程序用的）
XMODIFIERS实际上是指定 X图形程序的输入法.
GTK_IM_MODULE 则是指定GTK+2的程序默认所用的输入法模块.
有关GTK+2 所有输入法模块都安装在 /usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.4.0/immodules/ 目录下.
关于他们之间的关系,我们有一个比较直观的经验就是, 当我们因为设置XMODIFIERS失误(比如在有些情况下scim小写),导致X输入法没法使用时,我们在gnome-terminal里单击鼠标右键,移动到 "输入法",再选择 "SCIM Input Method"时,我们在gnome-terminal下却是可以输入中文的. 当然前提是我们已经安装scim-gtk2-immodule包.
一般情况下XMODIFIERS的优先级高于GTK_IM_MODULE ,即当我们同时设定这两个环境变量,在GTK+2的应用程序里优先使用的是XMODIFIERS指定的X输入法.
GTK immodule 比起 XIM 有很多好处：
1. 不受 locale 限制
2. 完全不用设定，随时可用，会自动调用 IM server
3. 可以任意切换各种不同 IM server，随时可改,无需重启X.
4. 真正支援游标跟随.
但是因为 c++ 的兼容性问题使 scim-gtk2-immodule 跟许多程序相冲突,故而在目前,如果我们使用scim的话,还不能流畅享受到GTK 输入模块的种种妙处,只能使用 Scim for XIM.
注：mozilla, firefox, thunderbird 等不是正规的 GTK+ 2，没办法用鼠标动态选择输入法. 如果你仅仅使用GTK immodule的话, 一定要使用GTK_IM_MODULE指定默认的GTK 输入模块.
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @08:450 Comments
2007-05-15
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --解决Skype无法启动故障
作为一名Ubuntu的新手，我不知道究竟做了什么，竟然导致Skype无法启动。
运行时，提示：
*** glibc detected *** skype: free(): invalid pointer: 0x08a38bb0 ***
通过网络搜索，找到了相关的解决方案:http://www.cloverjune.com/read.php/142.htm
在他上面，提供了两个解决方案：
一、重新安装libqt3-mt，然后再次安装Skype
sudo apt-get remove skype
sudo apt-get remove libqt3-mt
sudo apt-get install libqt3-mt
sudo apt-get install skype
二、下载rpm包，经转换为deb包的，安装即可。
这个我没试，一般的应用程序都有deb包，也就没去了解如何去进行包格式的转换。
但是遗憾的是，没有具体解析
第一种方案提到的libqt3-mt，据查，是挪威 TrollTech 公司的产品，以下摘引自IBM网站上的文章：http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/guitoolkit/qt/overview/index.html
Qt 是一个跨平台的 C++ 图形用户界面库，由挪威 TrollTech 公司出品，目前包括Qt， 基于 Framebuffer 的 Qt Embedded，快速开发工具 Qt Designer，国际化工具 Qt Linguist 等部分 Qt 支持所有 Unix 系统，当然也包括 Linux，还支持 WinNT/Win2k，Win95/98 平台。
从Debian的网站上可以看到：http://packages.debian.org/unstable/libs/libqt3-mt
Qt GUI Library (Threaded runtime version), Version 3
This is the Trolltech Qt library, version 3. It‘s necessary for applications that link against the libqt-mt.so.3, e.g. all KDE3 applications.
（所有的KDE3应用程序，都要依赖于libqt3-mt)
同样，虽然用的不是KDE，而是Gnome，但Skype依赖于libqt3-mt，所以必须要装。
但我实在是不知道，什么时候，改变过这个包，还是改变了相关的配置。
况且，与提示中的glibc又是什么关系呢？是否libqt3-mt隶属于glibc？但却没找到例证。
从找到的Glibc相关网站上来看，这是一个C链接包，似乎与libqt3-mt没有什么直接的关系（http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/)
倒是有一种可能最大，那就是libqt3-mt调用了Glibc，并且里面有个函数出错了。
疑问到此进行不下去了，也不可能花时间去研究源代码，则只好作罢。
不过按这个思路，不能启动的问题确实是解决了。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @22:011 Comments
2007-05-11
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装VMware Workstation 6.0.0 build-45731
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
由于之前的vmware 5.5.1 build-19175，我不能成功地Bridge到无线网卡，所以下载了最新版的vmware ，重新测试。为了保证得到最新版，我在官方网站直接下载。官方的下载是必须要通过用户登录的，下载文件受到保护，使用MuutiGet下载失败，只好老老实实地用FireFox来下载，速度极慢，只有5~6K左右，而文件有180M多，昨晚睡觉后，继续开机下载。
安装与之前提到的版本一样，也是解开压缩包，执行：
sudo ./vmware-install.pl
Creating a new VMware Workstation installer database using the tar4 format.
Installing VMware Workstation. This may take from several minutes to over an
hour depending upon its size.
In which directory do you want to install the binary files?
[/usr/bin]
What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?
[/etc]
What is the directory that contains the init scripts?
[/etc/init.d]
In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?
[/usr/sbin]
In which directory do you want to install the library files?
[/usr/lib/vmware]
The path "/usr/lib/vmware" does not exist currently. This program is going to
create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
In which directory do you want to install the manual files?
[/usr/share/man]
In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?
[/usr/share/doc/vmware]
The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
The installation of VMware Workstation 6.0.0 build-45731 for Linux completed
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall.pl".
Before running VMware Workstation for the first time, you need to configure it
by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl". Do you want
this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]
Making sure services for VMware Workstation are stopped.
Stopping VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Configuring fallback GTK+ 2.4 libraries.
In which directory do you want to install the theme icons?
[/usr/share/icons]
What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a
.desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications]
In which directory do you want to install the application‘s icon?
[/usr/share/pixmaps]
Trying to find a suitable vmmon module for your running kernel.
The module bld-2.6.20-15-i586generic-Ubuntu7.04 loads perfectly in the running
kernel.
Trying to find a suitable vmblock module for your running kernel.
The module bld-2.6.20-15-i586generic-Ubuntu7.04 loads perfectly in the running
kernel.
Do you want networking for your virtual machines? (yes/no/help) [yes]
Configuring a bridged network for vmnet0.
Your computer has multiple ethernet network interfaces available: eth0, eth1,
eth0:avah. Which one do you want to bridge to vmnet0? [eth0]
The following bridged networks have been defined:
. vmnet0 is bridged to eth0
Do you wish to configure another bridged network? (yes/no) [no] y
Configuring a bridged network for vmnet2.
Your computer has multiple ethernet network interfaces available: eth1,
eth0:avah. Which one do you want to bridge to vmnet2? [eth0] eth1
The following bridged networks have been defined:
. vmnet0 is bridged to eth0
. vmnet2 is bridged to eth1
Do you wish to configure another bridged network? (yes/no) [no]
Do you want to be able to use NAT networking in your virtual machines? (yes/no)
[yes]
Configuring a NAT network for vmnet8.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help)
[yes]
Probing for an unused private subnet (this can take some time)...
The subnet 172.16.185.0/255.255.255.0 appears to be unused.
The following NAT networks have been defined:
. vmnet8 is a NAT network on private subnet 172.16.185.0.
Do you wish to configure another NAT network? (yes/no) [no]
Do you want to be able to use host-only networking in your virtual machines?
[yes]
Configuring a host-only network for vmnet1.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help)
[yes]
Probing for an unused private subnet (this can take some time)...
The subnet 192.168.217.0/255.255.255.0 appears to be unused.
The following host-only networks have been defined:
. vmnet1 is a host-only network on private subnet 192.168.217.0.
Do you wish to configure another host-only network? (yes/no) [no]
Trying to find a suitable vmnet module for your running kernel.
The module bld-2.6.20-15-i586generic-Ubuntu7.04 loads perfectly in the running
kernel.
Do you want to install the Eclipse Integrated Virtual Debugger? You must have
the Eclipse IDE installed. [no]
Creating a new VMware VIX API installer database using the tar4 format.
Installing VMware VIX API. This may take from several minutes to over an hour
depending upon its size.
You must read and accept the VMware VIX API End User License Agreement to
continue.
Press enter to display it.
VMware(R) Software Developer Kit (SDK) Agreement
VMware, Inc. ("VMware") provides this Software Developer Kit ("SDK") for VIX
Application Programming Interface ("VIX API") to you subject to the
following terms and conditions. If you disagree with any of the following
terms, then do not use this SDK.
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interface definitions, documentation, Redistributable Code and Sample Code
regarding programming interfaces to one or more VMware products as
referenced in such materials ("VMware Software"). This SDK is intended to
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For the purpose of this Agreement, "Sample Code" means sample software in
source code format designated as "Sample Code" in the SDK documentation, and
"Redistributable Code" means object code files designated as
"Redistributable Code" in the SDK documentation.
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("Developer Software"). You agree to defend, indemnify and hold harmless
VMware, and any of its directors, officers, employees, affiliates or agents,
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7. You will not receive any VMware support or subscription services for the
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SDK 4.05.07
Do you accept? (yes/no) y
Thank you.
In which directory do you want to install the VMware VIX API binary files?
[/usr/bin]
In which directory do you want to install the VMware VIX API library files?
[/usr/lib/vmware-vix/lib]
The path "/usr/lib/vmware-vix/lib" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
In which directory do you want to install the VMware VIX API document pages?
[/usr/share/doc/vmware-vix]
The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-vix" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
The installation of VMware VIX API 1.1.0 build-45731 for Linux completed
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-vix.pl".
Starting VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Blocking file system: done
Virtual ethernet done
Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet0 done
Host network detection done
Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet1 (background) done
DHCP server on /dev/vmnet1 done
Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet2 done
Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet8 (background) done
DHCP server on /dev/vmnet8 done
NAT service on /dev/vmnet8 done
The configuration of VMware Workstation 6.0.0 build-45731 for Linux for this
running kernel completed successfully.
You can now run VMware Workstation by invoking the following command:
"/usr/bin/vmware".
Enjoy,
--the VMware team
在我的机子上，eth0是有线连接，eth1是无线连接，将/dev/vmnet2 bridge 到eth1上，启动Windows98,使用Bridged方式，无法取到无线路由器DHCP分配的地址，改用Custom:/dev/vmnet2后，成功取得IP并连接上网。
然而，在使用工行的U盾时，遇到了麻烦，接入U盾，不能自动连接到GuestOS。在Vmware的论坛中，找到的解决方案是，启动GuestOS后，点击菜单VM-Removable Devices - USB Devices 中的Smart Card，这样GuestOS就会加载U盾，并安装驱动程序。这与我以前在Windows作Host时的体验不同，那时只要直接将设置接入，如果当前GuestOS窗口被激活，就会自动加载。
虽然U盾被加载到GuestOS了，但是使用工行的驱动，在管理器程序中，却看不到接入的U盾，自然，在IE中也无法使用。
再拿U盘来做测试，安装USB的万能驱动，使用一切正常，那看来，有可能是U盾的驱动与Vmware不兼容，或许为了安全目的，加了特殊的手段。
但也有可能是GuestOS的问题，这不是在VMware6.0下安装的，抽时间从头安装再试试。
BTW，在Windows下，图形处理用惯了Photoshop，使用GMIP比较困难，想画线条都不知道怎么画，又得要花时间去学习了。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @06:343 Comments
2007-05-10
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --微软的雅黑字体
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
在Ubuntu中文社区，看到别人使用了微软的雅黑字体，真的很漂亮，也到网上去下载。
我没怎么美化，那份指南看上去太恐怖了点，还是简单点吧，不一定要很完美。
将包文件解开，复制两个字体文件到系统的字体目录下，然后注销重新登录（不然在FireFox2.0.3的配置字体时，找不到）,改一下系统字体与相关应用的字体即可。
改完FireFox后，打开网页，感觉真的很好：-）
然而，打开我自己的博客，却还是老样子，难道是样式表的原因？于是我将所有的样式去除，但照旧。仔细检查了源代码，终于被我发现文档定义部分比其它网页多了一个语言：lang="en"
完整代码：
将它删除后：
问题解决了，漂亮的字体出现在我眼前：-）
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @20:490 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装MultiGet下载软件
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
作品网站：http://multiget.sourceforge.net/
这应该是一个国人开发的Linux下的作品，呵呵，运行后，看到几个汉字了(百年同济)。。。
选择deb格式的文件，下载后，直接运行安装即可。
安装过程中，图形界面的安装器会自动帮你检查依赖包，并下载安装当前系统缺少的依赖包。
安装完成后，在Application-Internet中，可以找到它，不过图标好像有点“土气”：-）
打开后，这个软件与我们在Windows下常用的下载软件很想象，如网络蚂蚁，网际快车等，大概是这类软件的界面经过长期摸索与客户反馈，已经差不多定型了吧。
Linux向来图形界面不为人看好，网上相关的资料也喜欢用命令行来执行操作，但时至今天，Linux的图形界面已经越来越人性化了，象添加/删除软件这种操作，基本上都可以在桌面上完成了，没必要再开个终端：-）
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @18:290 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --RAR文件的解包
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
参考：http://www.ubuntux.org/how-to-install-rar-archiver-rar
打开终端，运行下面的命令
sudo apt-get install rar
sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/unrar
然后就可以打开RAR文件了。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @18:170 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04--GRUB的麻烦
由于我的vmware5.5.1无法bridge到我的无线网卡，而我又有待处理的淘宝帐单，所以决定先回到Windows2003，处理完帐单后，再回归Ubuntu，到时试试vmware6beta看看，是否能解决这个问题。
我备有windows2003的ghost备份文件，使用无忧光盘启动映象制作的DVD光盘。从这张光盘启动后，我将系统恢复到原Linux分区，完成后重新启动。
然而，启动后，出现的不是Windows2003的画面，而是grub的出错信息，这是因为将grub安装到硬盘的mbr所致（linux分区已被覆盖，启动失败）。解决的办法自然是恢复成Windows的默认mbr程序。首先想到的是使用Dos命令fdisk/mbr。于是使用光盘启动系统，执行这条命令后，却显示了一个出错提示，似乎是没找到硬盘的意思，真怪了！直接输入命令fdisk，却无法进入，在选择是否支持大容量硬盘后，直接返回到命令提示符下了，不知道是什么原因。
想了想，还有什么其它工具提供mbr修复呢？在启动光盘上找了找，发现了diskman，但没有mbr修复功能，倒是可以直接编辑mbr，这个难度就大了点啦。。。呵呵。但发现没有设置激活的分区，于是将windows2003的分区激活。重新启动，还是不行，是啊，这是mbr的问题，还没到启动分区的boot这一步哪。
在光盘里再次翻找，又有一个软件进入我的视线，sfdisk，也是一个快速分区软件，并且找到了mbr修复选项，OK，修复，重启。这回显示的是一大堆E文，大意应该是分区识别有问题吧。
这回，我直接在sfdisk中，删除了系统分区和原来的linux交换分区，并重建了一个分区，设置为激活分区，再重新启动并重新恢复ghost备份文件，重启，OK。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @12:590 Comments
2007-05-08
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装vmware 5.5.1 build-19175
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
注册序列号(网上搜索得来)
DA925-HP80U-Z8HDC-4WXXP
3KW2W-AYR2C-88M6F-4MDQ2
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
为了有时可能需要跑Windows，所以得装个虚拟机，在网上搜索到一个vmware 5.5.1 build-19175的下载，Go！
下载完成后，解开压缩包，执行里面的vmware-install.pl，一路回车，最后提示第一次运行Vmware，要进行配置，问你要不要马上执行vmware-config.pl（这个文件，安装后，可以在/usr/bin目录下找到）输入个”y”，再一路回车，到下面卡住了。。。
What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running
kernel? [/usr/src/linux/include]
The path "/usr/src/linux/include" is not an existing directory.
呵呵，我哪知道内核的头文件在哪啊，上网找吧，得到的信息说最新版的Ubuntu还不被支持，但可以下载一个补丁程序来解决，Vmware-any-any-update,一个名叫Petr Vandrovec (vandrove@vc.cvut.cz)的人制作的。Petr Vandrovec ,From 捷克技术大学(布拉格捷克斯洛伐克技术大学) ,
Czech Technical University in Prague www.cvut.cz
下载地址：http://platan.vc.cvut.cz/ftp/pub/vmware/vmware-any-any-update109.tar.gz
下载之后，解开压缩包，运行runme.pl
sudo ./runme.pl
Updating /usr/bin/vmware-config.pl ... already patched
Updating /usr/bin/vmware ... No patch needed/available
Updating /usr/bin/vmnet-bridge ... No patch needed/available
Updating /usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-vmx ... No patch needed/available
Updating /usr/lib/vmware/bin-debug/vmware-vmx ... No patch needed/available
VMware modules in "/usr/lib/vmware/modules/source" has been updated.
Before running VMware for the first time after update, you need to configure it
for your running kernel by invoking the following command:
"/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl". Do you want this script to invoke the command for
you now? [yes] y
Making sure services for VMware Workstation are stopped.
Stopping VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Configuring fallback GTK+ 2.4 libraries.
In which directory do you want to install the mime type icons?
[/usr/share/icons]
What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a
.desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications]
In which directory do you want to install the application‘s icon?
[/usr/share/pixmaps]
Trying to find a suitable vmmon module for your running kernel.
None of the pre-built vmmon modules for VMware Workstation is suitable for your
running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmmon module for
your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)? [yes] y
Using compiler "/usr/bin/gcc". Use environment variable CC to override.
What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running
kernel? [/lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include]
Extracting the sources of the vmmon module.
Building the vmmon module.
Building for VMware Workstation 5.5.0 or 5.5.1.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only‘
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/driver.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/hostif.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/cpuid.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/hash.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/memtrack.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/phystrack.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/task.o
gcc: error trying to exec ‘cc1plus‘: execvp: No such file or directory
make[2]: *** [/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/task.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_module_/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
make: *** [vmmon.ko] Error 2
make: Leaving directory `/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only‘
Unable to build the vmmon module.
For more information on how to troubleshoot module-related problems, please
visit our Web site at "http://www.vmware.com/download/modules/modules.html" and
"http://www.vmware.com/support/reference/linux/prebuilt_modules_linux.html".
Execution aborted.
哎，出错了，编译失败，查看错误消息，是有个文件找不着，搜索一把，原来是没装g++包的原因，OK，装上它吧：
sudo apt-get install g++
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
Reading state information... 完成
将会安装下列额外的软件包：
g++-4.1 libc6-dev libstdc++6-4.1-dev linux-libc-dev
建议安装的软件包：
gcc-4.1-doc lib64stdc++6 glibc-doc manpages-dev libstdc++6-4.1-doc
下列【新】软件包将被安装：
g++ g++-4.1 libc6-dev libstdc++6-4.1-dev linux-libc-dev
共升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 5 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 15 个软件未被升级。
需要下载 7896kB 的软件包。
解压缩后会消耗掉 32.9MB 的额外空间。
您希望继续执行吗？[Y/n]y
获取：1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main linux-libc-dev 2.6.20-15.27 [664kB]
获取：2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main libc6-dev 2.5-0ubuntu14 [3018kB]
获取：3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main libstdc++6-4.1-dev 4.1.2-0ubuntu4 [1632kB]
获取：4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main g++-4.1 4.1.2-0ubuntu4 [2581kB]
获取：5 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main g++ 4:4.1.2-1ubuntu1 [1428B]
下载 7896kB，耗时 9m2s (14.6kB/s)
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 linux-libc-dev。
(正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前总共安装有 88121 个文件和目录。)
正在解压缩 linux-libc-dev (从 .../linux-libc-dev_2.6.20-15.27_i386.deb) ...
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 libc6-dev。
正在解压缩 libc6-dev (从 .../libc6-dev_2.5-0ubuntu14_i386.deb) ...
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 libstdc++6-4.1-dev。
正在解压缩 libstdc++6-4.1-dev (从 .../libstdc++6-4.1-dev_4.1.2-0ubuntu4_i386.deb) ...
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 g++-4.1。
正在解压缩 g++-4.1 (从 .../g++-4.1_4.1.2-0ubuntu4_i386.deb) ...
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 g++。
正在解压缩 g++ (从 .../g++_4%3a4.1.2-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...
正在设置 linux-libc-dev (2.6.20-15.27) ...
正在设置 libc6-dev (2.5-0ubuntu14) ...
正在设置 g++-4.1 (4.1.2-0ubuntu4) ...
正在设置 libstdc++6-4.1-dev (4.1.2-0ubuntu4) ...
正在设置 g++ (4.1.2-1ubuntu1) ...
g++安装成功后，再次运行vmware的配置程序：
cd /usr/bin
sudo ./vmware-config.pl
Password:
Making sure services for VMware Workstation are stopped.
Stopping VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Configuring fallback GTK+ 2.4 libraries.
In which directory do you want to install the mime type icons?
[/usr/share/icons]
What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a
.desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications]
In which directory do you want to install the application‘s icon?
[/usr/share/pixmaps]
Trying to find a suitable vmmon module for your running kernel.
None of the pre-built vmmon modules for VMware Workstation is suitable for your
running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmmon module for
your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)? [yes] y
Using compiler "/usr/bin/gcc". Use environment variable CC to override.
What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running
kernel? [/lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include]
Extracting the sources of the vmmon module.
Building the vmmon module.
Building for VMware Workstation 5.5.0 or 5.5.1.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only‘
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/linux/driver.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/linux/hostif.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/cpuid.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/hash.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/memtrack.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/phystrack.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task.o
cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wdeclaration-after-statement" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wno-pointer-sign" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wstrict-prototypes" is valid for Ada/C/ObjC but not for C++
cc1plus: warning: command line option "-ffreestanding" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMCrossPage*, VMDriver*) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageV321]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMCrossPage*, VMDriver*) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageV3]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMCrossPage*, VMDriver*) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageGSX1]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMCrossPage*, VMDriver*) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageV2]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM_V4(VMDriver*, Vcpuid) [with VMCrossPage = VMCrossPageV4]’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘int Vmx86_RunVM(VMDriver*, Vcpuid)’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1522: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1523: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ is used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:2073: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h: In function ‘void Task_Switch_V45(VMDriver*, Vcpuid)’:
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1713: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::validEIP’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1713: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::cs’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1713: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rsp’ may be used uninitialized in this function
/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/task_compat.h:1713: warning: ‘sysenterState.SysenterStateV45::rip’ may be used uninitialized in this function
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/common/vmx86.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmcore/compat.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmcore/moduleloop.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmmon.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmmon.mod.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only/vmmon.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
cp -f vmmon.ko ./../vmmon.o
make: Leaving directory `/tmp/vmware-config1/vmmon-only‘
The module loads perfectly in the running kernel.
Do you want networking for your virtual machines? (yes/no/help) [yes] y
Configuring a bridged network for vmnet0.
Your computer has multiple ethernet network interfaces available: eth0, eth1,
eth0:avah. Which one do you want to bridge to vmnet0? [eth0] eth1
The following bridged networks have been defined:
. vmnet0 is bridged to eth1
Do you wish to configure another bridged network? (yes/no) [no] n
Do you want to be able to use NAT networking in your virtual machines? (yes/no)
[yes] n
Do you want to be able to use host-only networking in your virtual machines?
[no] y
Configuring a host-only network for vmnet1.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help)
[yes] help
Virtual machines configured to use host-only networking are placed on a virtual
network that is confined to this host. Virtual machines on this network can
communicate with each other and the host, but no one else.
To setup this host-only networking you need to select a network number that is
normally unreachable from the host. We can automatically select this number for
you, or you can specify a network number that you want.
The automatic selection process works by testing a series of Class C subnet
numbers to see if they are reachable from the host. The first one that is
unreachable is used. The subnet numbers are chosen from the private network
numbers specified by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in RFC 1918
(http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1918.txt).
Remember that the host-only network that virtual machines reside on will not be
accessible outside the host machine. This means that it is OK to use the same
number on different systems so long as you do not enable communication between
these networks.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help)
[yes] y
Probing for an unused private subnet (this can take some time)...
The subnet 192.168.45.0/255.255.255.0 appears to be unused.
The following host-only networks have been defined:
. vmnet1 is a host-only network on private subnet 192.168.45.0.
Do you wish to configure another host-only network? (yes/no) [no] n
Extracting the sources of the vmnet module.
Building the vmnet module.
Building for VMware Workstation 5.5.0 or 5.5.1.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only‘
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.20-15-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/driver.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/hub.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/userif.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/netif.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/bridge.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/procfs.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/smac_compat.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/smac_linux.x386.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/vmnet.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/vmnet.mod.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only/vmnet.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.20-15-generic‘
cp -f vmnet.ko ./../vmnet.o
make: Leaving directory `/tmp/vmware-config1/vmnet-only‘
The module loads perfectly in the running kernel.
Starting VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Virtual ethernet done
Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet0 done
Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet1 (background) done
The configuration of VMware Workstation 5.5.1 build-19175 for Linux for this
running kernel completed successfully.
You can now run VMware Workstation by invoking the following command:
"/usr/bin/vmware".
Enjoy,
--the VMware team
这次顺利地完成了！
运行/usr/bin/vmware
终于，期待已久的vmware窗口出来了。马上打开，却发现打开对话框中没有NTFS的盘，可能是系统不支持读写的原因吧，那就复制到Home吧，OK，我的Windows98出来了，呵呵，强啊，文件格式与Windows下的一样，虚拟机文件直接拿来就可以跑了。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @11:391 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装Skype
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
装完系统后，在应用程序（Application）的Internet菜单中，Gaim程序，可以登录MSN，QQ，ICQ等等，基本上比较流行的聊天软件都有了，但没有Skype，于是我上网去下载。在Skype的官方网站，For Linux的下载列表中，没有For Ubuntu的，通过Google，得到了For Debian的下载地址（Ubuntu是基于Debian内核的。
下载地址：http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb
下载完成后，进行安装，后面所跟的文件名，以实际下载后的文件名为准。
sudo dpkg -i ./skype_debian-1.3.0.53-1_i386.deb
Password:
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 skype。
(正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前总共安装有 88037 个文件和目录。)
正在解压缩 skype (从 .../skype_debian-1.3.0.53-1_i386.deb) ...
dpkg：依赖关系问题使得 skype 的配置工作不能继续：
skype 依赖于 libqt3-mt | libqt3c102-mt (>= 3:3.3.3.2)；然而：
未曾安装软件包“libqt3-mt”。
未曾安装软件包“libqt3c102-mt”。
dpkg：处理 skype (--install)时出错：
依赖关系问题 - 仍未被配置
在处理时有错误发生：
skype
以上，郁闷，缺少依赖包，但我不知道怎么安装依赖包，我试着输入命令：
sudo apt-get -install libqt3-mt
但是出错了，折腾了半天也没成功，于是上网去搜索，有人提醒说，直接下载动态或是静态的二进制包即可，于是下载了静态包，解压后，直接运行，OK。
本来这事，到这也就结了，但我发现，打开Update Manager出错了！提示输入命令进行修复。
sudo apt-get install -f
Password:
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
Reading state information... 完成
正在更正依赖关系... 完成
将会安装下列额外的软件包：
libqt3-mt
建议安装的软件包：
libqt3-mt-psql libqt3-mt-mysql libqt3-mt-odbc
下列【新】软件包将被安装：
libqt3-mt
共升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 1 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 15 个软件未被升级。
有 1 个软件包没有被完全安装或卸载。
需要下载 3299kB 的软件包。
解压缩后会消耗掉 9130kB 的额外空间。
您希望继续执行吗？[Y/n]y
获取：1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com feisty/main libqt3-mt 3:3.3.8really3.3.7-0ubuntu5 [3299kB]
下载 3299kB，耗时 1m31s (36.1kB/s)
选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 libqt3-mt。
(正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前总共安装有 88088 个文件和目录。)
正在解压缩 libqt3-mt (从 .../libqt3-mt_3%3a3.3.8really3.3.7-0ubuntu5_i386.deb) ...
正在设置 libqt3-mt (3.3.8really3.3.7-0ubuntu5) ...
正在设置 skype (1.3.0.53-1) ...
呵呵，系统自动帮我安装了我想装但没装上的依赖包libqt3-mt，还智能地修复了skype，这时，到菜单里，发现Internet中多了Skype，OK，不要静态包了：-）
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @09:410 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 --安装截图软件scrot
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
相关博客文章：http://www.fwolf.com/blog/post/215
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在Ubuntu中，桌面系统自带有截图功能，只要按PrintScreen功能键，就可以保存整个屏幕，也可以按Alt+PrintScreen组合键，保存当前激活的窗口，操作与Windows的一样，只不过，Windows中复制到剪贴板中，而Ubuntu则是直接跳出保存对话框。
但是，比如我要将输入汉字时，输入法的提示栏给保存下来，用上面的办法就不行，我只要按下键盘，输入法提示栏就自动消失了，没办法，找个专业户来干这事吧。
通过Google搜索，我选择了Scrot，正如这位博客说的：“还有其他的几个截图软件，比如SnapALL，但毕竟不如apt中有的scrot方便呀。”，具体的就不多说了，参考这个博客的文章。
我装好以后，在命令行输入scrot -d 3，命令行会停留在那里，进行计时，并截图，我赶紧切换到文档编辑器，输入汉字，呵呵，好像3秒太少了点，可能是我的手脚太慢了吧：-）
在将这款软件加到菜单时，我没找到这位博客所说的“Alacarte Menu Editor”，或许是版本不同，叫法不同吧。我是在System菜单下，选择首选项中的“Main Menu"来添加的，请参考图片，点击New Item来追加。
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @09:191 Comments
初用Ubuntu 7.04 -- 安装五笔输入法
初用Ubuntu，什么也不会，但是桌面系统吧，傻瓜式的就按Windows的操作经验来乱试，遇到什么问题，通过Google来解决，也不必太深入，将过程记下来，作备忘吧。
小企鹅输入法官方网站：http://www.fcitx.org/
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装完了Ubuntu后，桌面的操作体验不错，打开/移动窗口比较流畅，不像前几年装的Linux，在Gnome下，窗口操作那是明显的迟滞感，很不爽，现在终于爽了一把：-），不知道是不是我那时没装显卡驱动的原因，不过现在我也没装，不知道这个系统认不认我的ATI显卡。反正我在硬件信息里是没找着。
上网，用FireFox，桌面顶上的系统栏上那个明显的大大的FF图标，一点即可。嘿嘿，我用的是无线上网，系统安装完毕，已经帮我找到可用的无线网络了，我只要输入访问密码即可。但问题来了，我没办法输入汉字，虽然我习惯使用五笔，可是连拼音也没有！！！看来得想办法了。
Google吧（没装汉字输入法，所以搜索时，只好用汉语拼音，再将对应的汉字复制出来，重新搜一把），找到一个：http://softbbs.pconline.com.cn/topic.jsp?tid=6992788&lastUpdate=04-27.19:33
但是，不知道是版本问题还是怎么地，我打开的SCIM输入法设置界面，是全E文的，试了好多次，也没有成功，只好作罢，另想办法了。
再次Google，我选择了Fcitx这个输入法，安装比较简单：
sudo apt-get install fcitx
sudo sh -c " echo ‘export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx ; export GTK_IM_MODULE="fcitx" ; fcitx ‘ > /etc/X11/Xsession.d/95xinput "
sudo chmod +rwxXst /etc/X11/Xsession.d/95xinput
输入以上三条命令后，注销系统后，重新登录，在屏幕的上中部，就出来这个可爱的输入法了，切换使用Ctrl+Space，还支持拼音，五笔等，好，终于可以写汉字了。
我们来看一下，这些命令具体代表什么意思：
1. sudo，每条命令里，都有这个词，以前我知道在Linux中有个su的命令，作用是暂时转到root帐号下，进行系统管理，那顾名思义，这个应该就是转到管理员帐号，并执行某个命令了。
2. apt-get install fcitx，这个也能猜到，应该是从Ubuntu网站上取得fcitx这个软件，并安装。
3. sh -c ..... 这条命令就不清楚了，只知道sh是shell，类似于Windows下的Command.com/Cmd.com，是命令行程序。感觉似乎是打印(echo)一行文本，通过管导符>，输出到一个文件中，这应该是修改系统输入法的配置文件吧，追加新安装的输入法，以便系统启动时，自动加载。
4. chmod，这一句的意图应该是修改配置文件的可访问权限，至于为什么要修改，就不明白了，难道输入法fcitx，在当前用户（非管理员）的环境下，要访问这个文件？
其中，最后一条命令，网上搜索来的，其实是：
sudo chmod +755 /etc/X11/Xsession.d/95xinput
在Ubuntu中，模式值，似乎不再支持使用数字，而改用表义字母了，嗯，相对要人性化了一点（在文件浏览器中，好象也可以设置，那是全图形化的，更傻瓜式），我也不知道755代表什么，也懒得查，只想早点把输入法搞定，所以，当命令行提示：
chmod: invalid mode: `+755‘
Try `chmod --help‘ for more information.
那我就Try吧：
$ chmod --help
Usage: chmod [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
or: chmod [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
or: chmod [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.
-c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made
--no-preserve-root do not treat `/‘ specially (the default)
--preserve-root fail to operate recursively on `/‘
-f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages
-v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed
--reference=RFILE use RFILE‘s mode instead of MODE values
-R, --recursive change files and directories recursively
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Each MODE is of the form `[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+‘.
Report bugs to .
看到粗体部分了？不管他，全加上吧：-）
Labels:Ubuntu
posted by lingsmm @07:470 Comments
安装Ubuntu 7.04
Ubuntu 7.04发布了，想看看怎么样，于是上网下了最新的Desktop的映象文件，大概700M多一点。
我的机器是Sony S16的本本，512M内存，原来的系统是Windows XP Pro，装了Vmware5.5,加载安装CD后，顺利进入了Live CD的桌面，感觉界面挺爽的，越来越接近Windows的操作体验了。
但是，在VM中，我点击安装，系统却失去了响应，好几次都是这样，也没去网上找原因，心想，这系统看上去挺不错的，算了，直接拿来换掉Windows XP吧。
要直接安装Ubuntu，我首先将ISO文件刻录成光盘（没有CD盘，用了张DVD，有点浪费：-），用光盘启动后，在安装过程中，选择手动分区（我有两个NTFS分区，一个是原XP系统盘，一个是数据盘，数据当然不想丢掉），删除原系统分区，新建一个800M的SWAP，其余全挂载到/。安装非常顺利，重新启动后，进入系统，漂亮！
Labels:Ubuntu
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