Ibid.

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Ibid. (Latin, short for ibidem, meaning the same place) is the term used to provide an endnote or footnote citation or reference for a source that was cited in the preceding endnote or footnote. It is similar in meaning to idem (meaning something that has been mentioned previously; the same), abbreviated Id., which is commonly used in legal citation.^[1] To find the ibid. source, one must look at the reference preceding it.

Contents

[hide]

• 1 Example
• 2 See also
• 3 References
• 4 External links

[edit] Example

• ^4 E. Vijh, Latin for Dummies (New York: Academic, 1997), p. 23.
• ^5 Ibid.
• ^6 Ibid., p. 29.
• ^7 The Necronomicon.
• ^8 Ibid. 4, at 34

The reference, ⁵, is the same as ⁴: E. Vijh, Latin for dummies on page 23, whereas the reference, ⁶, refers to the same work but at a different location, namely page 29. Intervening entries require a reference to the original citation in the form Ibid. , as ⁸. Notice that ibid. is an abbreviation where the last two letters of the word are not present; thus, it always takes a period (or full stop) in both British and American usage.

[edit] See also

Look up ibid or idem in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Bibliography
• List of Latin phrases
• MLA style
• Op. cit.
• Loc. cit.
• Sic
• Ibid: A Life is a novel by Mark Dunn, made up entirely of endnotes.

[edit] References

1. ^ "idem". thefreedictionary.com. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/idem. Retrieved 11 May 2008. 

[edit] External links

• Dictionary.com: ibid.