What is informal learning?

Informal Learning:
Rediscovering the Natural Pathways that Inspire Innovation and Performance
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People acquire the skills they use at work informally — talking, observing others, trial-and-error, and simply working with people in the know. Formal training and workshops account for only 10% to 20% of what people learn at work. Most corporations over-invest in formal training while leaving the more natural, simple ways we learn to chance.
Informal learning is the unofficial, unscheduled, impromptu way most of us learn to do our jobs. Informal learning is like riding a bicycle: the rider chooses the destination and the route. The cyclist can take a detour at a moment’s notice to admire the scenery or help a fellow rider.
Formal learning is like riding a bus: the driver decides where the bus is going; the passengers are along for the ride. People new to the territory often ride the bus before hopping on the bike.
Traditional training departments put almost all of their energy into driving busses. For experienced workers, most bus rides are as inappropriate as kindergarten classes. Mature learners, typically a company’s top performers, never show up for the bus. They want pointers that enable them to do things for themselves. They are filling in gaps in what they already know, and they’re in a hurry to do so.
The Business Case
Executives don’t want learning; they want execution. They want performance. Informal does not mean unintentional. Those who leave informal learning to chance leave money on the table. Informal learning is a profit strategy. Companies use it to:
Improve knowledge worker productivity
Increase sales by Google-izing product knowledge
Generate fresh ideas and increase innovation
ransform an organization from near-bankruptcy to record profits
Reduce stress, absenteeism, and healthcare costs
Invest development resources where they will have the most impact
Increase professional growth
Cut costs and improve responsiveness with self-service learning
Free-range Learners
Many a knowledge worker has said “I love to learn but I hate to be trained.” Training is something that’s imposed on you; learning is something you choose. Knowledge workers thrive when given the freedom to decide how they will do what’s asked of them.
Reinventing the wheel, looking for information in the wrong places, and answering questions from others consumes two-thirds of the average knowledge worker’s day. Good connections vastly improve knowledge worker productivity.
Conversations are the stem cells of learning, for they both create and transmit knowledge. Open conversation increases innovation. People love to talk. Bringing them together brings excitement. The informal organization is how most business gets done, yet executives miss it because they can’t see it. Mapping social networks make the patterns clear.
Keep Up
The informal learning train is leaving the station. Why now?
The generation coming into the work force has no patience for spoon-feeding, single-track instruction, or working alone. Boomers are leaving the work force, taking their knowledge with them unless it is transferred to newcomers by informal means. As the global economy shifts from factory work to service work, workers need the human, judgmental expertise and emotional intelligence that one doesn’t learn in class. A flat world means global competition, faster production cycles, and more to keep up with. Time is speeding up. It’s impractical to try to learn in advance when what you need to know won’t stand still.
Informal learning is learning without borders. Organizations improve it by removing obstacles, seeding communities, increasing bandwidth, encouraging conversation, and growing networks. It’s a natural way to learn and grow.
PresentationsPresentation on main themes
Informal Workplace Learning , FuturTex, Montreal
Natural Learning: It Never Stops , Emerging Elearning, Abu Dhabi
The Debut of Workflow Learning , Training/Online Learning Keynote with Gloria Gery. Click Workflow Learning Symposium/The Debut of Workflow Learning
OtherInformal Learning website
Unworkshops
Inspirations & Friends
Learning in the Digital Age by John Seely Brown
Informal Learning by Marcia Conner
The Future of Education by Don Norman
Out of Control by Kevin Kelly
Connectivism by George Siemens
More articles by Jay on informal learning
Learnscaping 101
Not Without Purpose
WorkWeb = WebWork
Learning Ecology
The Nature of Social Collaboration
E-Knowledge and I-Knowledge
Knowledge Flows
Informal Learning - Low Hanging Fruit
Push and Pull
Learning in the Real World
To Everything, Turn, Turn, Turn…
Who Knows
Informal Learning: A Sound Investment
Informal Learning: The Other 80%
(c) 2006, Jay Cross,Internet Time Group LLC, Berkeley, California
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