在FreeBSD上组建ISP级的邮件系统--extmail--postfix

在FreeBSD上组建ISP级的邮件系统
来源：www.bsdlover.cn 作者： 时间：2008-01-11 点击：72
很多人经常问为什么我的邮件服务器向163.com /sina.com/yahoo.com.cn...都能收到，为什么回复的邮件却收不到，原因很简单，因为这些服务器不能找到你的域名的A记录或MX 记录。很多人在安装时使用的域都是不合法的域名，即未经注册的DNS FQDN（完全限定名）。如果你没有申请合法的域名，可以到 comexe.cn 3322.org 申请一个动态域名来收发邮件。
本例中以 extmail.org 这个域为例 ，主机名为mail ,邮件服务器建立在DDNS 之上。
打开windows 的CMD 使用nslookup 查询extmail.org 的MX记录，如果你自己拥有固定IP可以创建自己的DNS，如果你使用的是新网或其它域名供应商，进入后台添加一个记录即可，供体参考DNS 相关的内容。
C:\>nslookup -type=mx extmail.org 221.4.66.66
Server: ns2.cnc-gd.net
Address: 221.4.66.66
DNS request timed out.
timeout was 2 seconds.
Non-authoritative answer:
extmail.org MX preference = 20, mail exchanger = mx.extmail.org
extmail.org nameserver = ns2.xinnetdns.com
extmail.org nameserver = ns.xinnet.cn
extmail.org nameserver = ns.xinnetdns.com
extmail.org nameserver = ns2.xinnet.cn
mx.extmail.org internet address = 210.21.119.139
ns.xinnet.cn internet address = 210.51.171.209
ns.xinnetdns.com internet address = 210.51.170.66
ns2.xinnet.cn internet address = 210.51.170.67
ns2.xinnetdns.com internet address = 210.51.170.67
作为windows 高手的你，这点小事难不到你吧。
二、安装Freebsd A、系统分区
很多人在使用自己的作业系统时，不知道如何对系统分区，对于分区方案没有最好的，只是跟据自己的情况去分。
下面是我的分区方案。
硬盘为120G ，/（根）1G 左右就差不多了，但考滤到/root 工作目录也在这里，所以分大一点。
/home/data 主要是用来存放Email /ftp用户的数据
/tmp 1G 也是考虑到临时文件多，所以给大也点。
/usr/ 10G 因为要安装软件，还有下载的软件，我没有装GUI 所以只分了10G我认为足够了。
/var 3G这个目录存放的东西比较多，如日志、邮件的临时目录，如果空间不够amavisd-new 无法解开邮件进行杀毒。
%df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
/dev/ad0s1a 1.9G 481M 1.3G 26% /
devfs 1.0K 1.0K 0B 100% /dev
/dev/ad0s1g 92G 353M 84G 0% /home/data
/dev/ad0s1e 989M 224K 910M 0% /tmp
/dev/ad0s1f 9.7G 1.8G 7.1G 20% /usr
/dev/ad0s1d 2.9G 105M 2.6G 4% /var
用户可以跟据自己的需要进行分区。
B、安装基本系统
对于系统的安装，我选择了minimal(最小系统)和ports ,因为有些没必要的包就不装，减少系统体积，另外作为一台服务器，我从来不装GUI 。
下载BSD时，只需要下载DISK 1 就行了，缺少的软件包可以通过网络安装。

C、配置系统
如果你在安装后期没有配置系统，在系统启动完成后以root的身份登陆系统，运行sysinstall 进行设置，或通过ee编辑器编辑/etc/rc.conf文件，在这里提醒各位，一会大多数服务都需要在/etc/rc.conf加入启动内容才能正常启动。
设置好固定IP，或通过DHCP 自动分配置机器IP。使用SSH 客户端进行管理服务器将会为你的工作提供方便。
使用SSH 要注意：
a、不能用root直接登陆，需要添加一个新用户，指定到wheel 组,用此用户登陆后用使用 su - 提升到管理员。
b、 以我的SecureCRT 为例,Session options ->Authentication ->Primary 选择keyboard Interactive
c、如果你要使用像LINUX 一样的彩色显示，需要把 Emulation -> Terminal ->Xterm 选中ANSI Color 并在/etc/csh.cshrc加入
setenv LSCOLORS ExGxFxdxCxegedabagExEx
setenv CLICOLOR yes
set autolist
然后执行
sed -i.bak -E s/set\ prompt/#set\ prompt/g /root/.cshrc
退出重新登陆即可看到彩色目录了。
D、更新软件包
采用Freebsd 最好的地方就是安装软件方便，还可以装到最新的软件包，这就是强大的posts 系统。如果你的系统在安装时没有选择posts ,具休如何操作看BSD 的handbook.
CVSUP 的站点很多，你可以选择离你最快的站点去更新posts ，具体查看 freebsd.org /freebsdchina.org.cn
在使用cvsup之前你必须连接到互联网，并需要安装cvsup 这个软件
假如你的服务器在内网里，并通过DMZ 进行IP映射，可以参考下面设置：
sshd_enable="YES"
fsck_y_enable="YES"
hostname="mail.extmail.org"
ifconfig_rl0="inet 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0"
defaultrouter="192.168.1.1"
如果你使用的是ADSL 拔号
a、修改/etc/ppp/ppp.conf
default:
set log Phase tun command # you can add more detailed logging if you wish
set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0
adsl:
set device PPPoE:vr0 # 将vr0 改为你拔号的网卡
set authname 你的ADSL 帐号
set authkey 你的ADSL密码
set dial
set login
add default HISADDR
b、/etc/rc.conf 内容
inetd_enable="YES"
sshd_enable="YES"
fsck_y_enable="YES"
hostname="mail.extmail.org"
ifconfig_rl0="inet 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0"
ppp_enable="YES" #YES or NO
ppp_mode="ddial" #"auto", "ddial", "direct" or "dedicated".
ppp_nat="YES" # if you want to enable nat for your local network, otherwise NO
ppp_profile="adsl" #/etc/ppp/ppp.conf
c、安装cvsup-without-gui
%cd /usr/ports/net/cvsup-without-gui/
%make install clean
d、更新ports
安装完cvsup软件后，对ports 进行更新
%/usr/local/bin/cvsup -gL 2 -h cvsup4.freebsdchina.org /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile
三、安装数据库 MySQL
MySQL 版本很多，大家可以据自己需要自行选择喜欢的版本安装。
%cd /usr/ports/databases/mysql41-server/
%make install clean
在/etc/rc.conf 加入
mysql_enable="YES"
复制配置文件（非必需）
cp /usr/local/share/mysql/my-small.cnf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf
在此说明：
1、如果不在/etc/rc.conf 加入以上内容，手工是无法启动MySQL的。
2、如果你想知道这个软件应该在/etc/rc.conf加入什么内容，打开/usr/local/etc/rc.d 目录，找到此软件的启动脚本。然后打开文件，如果有详细的说明。
%/usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server.sh start
Starting mysql.
如何去检查一个服务是否正常启动：1、通过ps查看进程，2、检查所打开的端口。
%ps aux|grep mysql
mysql 94899 0.2 0.5 1644 1240 p0 S 3:52PM 0:00.07 /bin/sh /usr/local/bin/mysqld_safe --
mysql 94919 0.0 10.8 55564 27428 p0 S 3:52PM 0:01.54 /usr/local/libexec/mysqld --defaults-
%
%netstat -an|grep 3306
tcp4 0 0 *.3306 *.* LISTEN
MySQL安装时，服务器的密码为空，建议你装好系统后，第一时间去更改密码。
%/usr/local/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password 你的新密码
Enter password:
如果你服务器只供本站内部使用建议在 my.cnf 里加入下面内容,以增加服务器的安全性。
[mysqld]
bind_address=127.0.0.1
四、安装Apache
1、安装apache server
作为网络的今天apache web服务器已经是街知港闻了。
%cd /usr/ports/www/apache22/
%make install clean
在/etc/rc.conf 中加入：
apache22_enable="YES"
如果启动时出现httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using mail.sharesky.cn for ServerName 的错误，在/usr/local/etc/apache22/httpd.conf 约第144行的位置加入下面的内容。
ServerName mail.extmail.org
启动apahce
%/usr/local/etc/rc.d/apache22.sh start
Performing sanity check on apache22 configuration:
Syntax OK
Starting apache22.2、安装PHP%cd /usr/ports/lang/php4/
%make install cleanOptions for mod_php4 4.4.2_1,1 x
x lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk x
x x [ ] DEBUG Enable debug x x
x x [X] MULTIBYTE Enable zend multibyte support x x
x x [ ] IPV6 Enable ipv6 support x x
x x [X] OPENSSL Build static OpenSSL extension
在/usr/local/etc/apache22/httpd.conf 里加入
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
加入目录索引 index.php，约在httpd.conf 的212行
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
restart或reload Apache 使之生效
%/usr/local/etc/rc.d/apache22.sh reload
Performing sanity check on apache22 configuration:
Syntax OK
Performing a graceful restart3、安装PHP 扩展%cd /usr/ports/lang/php4-extensions/
%make install clean在这里建议大家，如果没有必要尽量不要安装GD库免得浪费时间，大家可据自己需要选择安装模块
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x Options for php4-extensions 1.0 x
x lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk x
x x [ ] BCMATH bc style precision math functions x x
x x [X] BZ2 bzip2 library support x x
x x [ ] CALENDAR calendar conversion support x x
x x [ ] CRACK crack support x x
x x [X] CTYPE ctype functions x x
x x [X] CURL CURL support x x
x x [ ] DBA dba support x x
x x [ ] DBASE dBase library support x x
x x [ ] DBX dbx support x x
x x [ ] DIO Direct I/O support x x
x x [ ] DOMXML DOM support x x
x x [ ] EXIF EXIF support x x
x x [ ] FILEINFO fileinfo support x x
x x [ ] FILEPRO filePro support x x
x x [ ] FRIBIDI FriBidi support
x x [X] FTP FTP support x x
x x [ ] GD GD library support x x
x x [X] GETTEXT gettext library support x x
x x [ ] GMP GNU MP support x x
x x [X] ICONV iconv support x x
x x [ ] IMAGICK ImageMagick support x x
x x [X] IMAP IMAP support x x
x x [ ] INTERBASE Interbase 6 database support (Firebird) x x
x x [ ] LDAP OpenLDAP support x x
x x [X] MBSTRING multibyte string support x x
x x [ ] MCAL Modular Calendar Access Library support x x
x x [X] MCRYPT Encryption support x x
x x [ ] MCVE MCVE support x x
x x [ ] MHASH Crypto-hashing support x x
x x [ ] MING ming shockwave flash support x x
x x [ ] MNOGOSEARCH mnoGoSearch support x x
x x [ ] MSSQL MS-SQL database support x x
x x [X] MYSQL MySQL database support x x
x x [ ] NCURSES ncurses support (CLI only) x x
x x [ ] ODBC unixODBC support x x
x x [X] OPENSSL OpenSSL support x x
x x [ ] ORACLE Oracle support x x
x x [X] OVERLOAD user-space object overloading support x x
x x [ ] PANDA panda support x x
x x [ ] PCNTL pcntl support (CLI only) x x
x x [X] PCRE Perl Compatible Regular Expression support x x
x x [ ] PDF PDFlib support (implies GD) x x
x x [ ] PFPRO PayFlow Pro support x x
x x [ ] PGSQL PostgreSQL database support x x
x x [X] POSIX POSIX-like functions x x
x x [ ] PSPELL pspell support x x
x x [ ] READLINE readline support (CLI only) x x
x x [ ] RECODE recode support x x
x x [X] SESSION session support x x
x x [ ] SHMOP shmop support x x
x x [ ] SNMP SNMP support x x
x x [ ] SOCKETS sockets support x x
x x [ ] SYBASE_CT Sybase database support x x
x x [ ] SYSVMSG System V message support x x
x x [ ] SYSVSEM System V semaphore support x x
x x [ ] SYSVSHM System V shared memory support x x
x x [X] TOKENIZER tokenizer support x x
x x [ ] WDDX WDDX support (implies XML) x x
x x [X] XML XML support x x
x x [ ] XMLRPC XMLRPC-EPI support x x
x x [ ] XSLT XSLT Sablotron support x x
x x [ ] YAZ YAZ support (ANSI/NISO Z39.50) x x
x x [ ] YP YP/NIS support x x
x x [ ] ZIP ZIP support x x
x x [X] ZLIB ZLIB support x x
4、安装phpmyadmin 管理数据库
为了去除无聊的安装过程，这里选择手工安装，先下载软件包，然后解压，再复制到/usr/local/www/apache22/data 下面
%cd /usr/ports/databases/phpmyadmin/
%make fetch
%cd /usr/ports/distfile
%tar jxvf phpMyAdmin-2.7.0-pl2.tar.bz2
%cp -r /usr/ports/distfiles/phpMyAdmin-2.7.0-pl2 /usr/local/www/apache22/data/phpmyadmin
大家注意，可能你下载的版本与我下载的不一样，不能照搬。
设置phpmyadmin%cd /usr/local/www/apache22/data/phpmyadmin/
%ee config.default.php
将$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'config'; 改为
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'http';
打开http://ip/phpmyadmin 就可以管理你的mysql 数据库了
5、安装extman
extman 是extmail用户后台管理系统,官方网站为www.extmail.org 下载解压
%tar zxvf extman-13-20060102.tar.gz
%cd extman-0.13-20060102/docs
%mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
%mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
extmail.sql添加了两个MySQL用户
1、只读用户：extmail 密码：extmail
2、读/写用户：webman 密码：webman
init.sql 里，对extmail数据库添加了下面的记录
a、添加了一个别名记录 support@extmail.org ->test@extmail.org
b、增加了 extmail.org 域
c、增加了test@extmail.org的邮箱密码为test。
d、增加了extman 的管理员root@extmail.org 密码为extmail
五、安装邮件系统
安装下面三个软件要注意先后顺序
1、安装 Courier-IMAP%cd /usr/ports/mail/courier-imap/
%make install clean
选择openssl、MySQL
在/etc/rc.conf 加入
courier_authdaemond_enable="YES"
courier_imap_pop3d_enable="YES"
courier_imap_imapd_enable="YES"
修改authdaemond的权限
%/usr/local/etc/rc.d/courier-authdaemond.sh start
%chmod -R +x /var/run/authdaemond/
authdaemond 启动完成后，检查/var/run/authdaemond 下面是否产生socket 文件，因为认证时是通过这个文件读取密码的。
设置/usr/local/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc
%mv authdaemonrc authdaemonrc.bak
ee authdaemonrc
在authdaemonrc 加入下面的内容
authmodulelist="authmysql"
authmodulelistorig="authmysql"
version="authdaemond.mysql"
daemons=5
authdaemover=/var/run/authdaemond
subsystem=mail
DEBUG_LOGIN=2
DEFAULTOPTIONS="wbnodsn=1"
上面DEBUG_LOGIN=2 是为了调试方便，等系统完全测试完成，可改为 0，即不显示调试信息。
设置/usr/local/etc/authlib/authmysqlrc
%mv authmysqlrc authmysqlrc.bak
ee authmysqlrc
加入下面的内容
MYSQL_SERVER localhost
MYSQL_USERNAME extmail
MYSQL_PASSWORD extmail
MYSQL_PORT 0
MYSQL_OPT 0
MYSQL_DATABASE extmail
MYSQL_SELECT_CLAUSE select username,password,"",uidnumber,gidnumber,\
CONCAT('/home/data/domains/',homedir), \
CONCAT('/home/data/domains/',maildir), \
quota, \
name \
FROM mailbox \
WHERE username = '$(local_part)@$(domain)'
大家要注意，我的邮件保存的目录是/home/data/domains ，你可以跟据你的需要改为自己的目录。
用户名和密码是extmail 这个具体需要看extman 软件包中的docs 目录中的extmail.sql，很多人无法通上发信认证，很可能以上面两个文件配置有关。
创建pop3/imap 的配置文件
%cp pop3d.cnf.dist pop3d.cnf
%cp imapd.cnf.dist imapd.cnf
修改/usr/local/etc/courier-imap/pop3d (不修改也行)
POP3AUTH="LOGIN CRAM-MD5 CRAM-SHA1"
修改/usr/local/etc/courier-imap/imapd(不修改也行)
IMAP_CAPABILITY="IMAP4rev1 CHILDREN NAMESPACE THREAD=ORDEREDSUBJECT THREAD=REFERENCES SORT QUOTA"
2、安装 Cyrus-SASL2
%cd /usr/ports/security/cyrus-sasl2
%make install WITH_AUTHDAEMON=yes
创建 /usr/local/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf 加入下面的内容 pwcheck_method:authdaemond
log_level:3
mech_list:PLAIN LOGIN
authdaemond_path:/var/run/authdaemond/socket
3、安装Postfix%cd /usr/ports/mail/postfix
%make install clean
选择SASL2 、TLS、MySQL、VDA ，安装过程中有两个提问，直接按回车，使用系统默认的回答。
%echo postfix: root >>/etc/aliases
%/usr/local/bin/newaliases
%ln -s /usr/local/sbin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail
如果出现ln: /usr/sbin/sendmail: File exists 提示，把/usr/sbin/sendmail改名再链接。
设置postfix 随系统启动
postfix_enable="YES"
sendmail_enable="NO"
sendmail_submit_enable="NO"
sendmail_outbound_enable="NO"
sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"
创建/etc/periodic.conf 加入下面的内容
daily_clean_hoststat_enable="NO"
daily_status_mail_rejects_enable="NO"
daily_status_include_submit_mailq="NO"
daily_submit_queuerun="NO"
配置/usr/local/etc/postfix/main.cf ,在你安装时，只需要修改####BASE#### 部分即可
%mv main.cf main.cf.bak
这个配置文件已经加入了maildrop的支持
###################BASE##################
myhostname=mail.extmail.org #机器的名字
mydomain = extmail.org #你的域名
mydestination = $myhostname
local_recipient_maps =
command_directory = /usr/local/sbin
#local_transport = virtual
smtpd_banner = extmail.org ESMTP Mail System
message_size_limit = 14680064 #邮件大小
#mailbox_size_limit = 512000000
#################MySQL################
virtual_alias_maps =mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
#virtual_gid_maps = static:125
#virtual_gid_maps = static:1000
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/data/domains #邮件保存的目录
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
#virtual_mailbox_limit = 512000000
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
#virtual_minimum_uid = 125
#virtual_minimum_uid = 1000
#virtual_transport = virtual
virtual_transport = maildrop:
maildrop_destination_recipient_limit = 1
#virtual_uid_maps = static:125
#virtual_uid_maps = static:1000
################Quota################
virtual_create_maildirsize = yes
virtual_mailbox_extended = yes
virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes
virtual_maildir_limit_message = Sorry,the user's Maildir has overdrawn his diskspace quota ,please tray again later.
virtual_overquota_bounce = yes
##############SASL####################
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl2_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
permit_mynetworks,
permit_sasl_authenticated,
reject_unauth_destination,
reject_unauth_pipelining,
reject_invalid_hostname,
reject_rbl_client cbl.anti-spam.org.cn #CBL 服务器 具体请看anti-spam.org.cn
#注意上面几行前面是有空格的。
readme_directory = no
sample_directory = /usr/local/etc/postfix
sendmail_path = /usr/local/sbin/sendmail
html_directory = no
setgid_group = maildrop
manpage_directory = /usr/local/man
daemon_directory = /usr/local/libexec/postfix
newaliases_path = /usr/local/bin/newaliases
mailq_path = /usr/local/bin/mailq
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
mail_owner = postfix
以下四个文件在extman 软件包Docs 目录里，使用时，直接复制到/usr/local/etc/postfix 目录即可。
mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
user = extmail
password = extmail
hosts = localhost
dbname = extmail
table = alias
select_field = goto
where_field = address
additional_conditions = AND active = '1'
mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
user = extmail
password = extmail
hosts = localhost
dbname = extmail
table = domain
select_field = description
where_field = domain
additional_conditions = AND active = '1'
mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
user = extmail
password = extmail
hosts = localhost
dbname = extmail
table = mailbox
select_field = maildir
where_field = username
additional_conditions = AND active = '1'
mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf
user = extmail
password = extmail
hosts = localhost
dbname = extmail
table = mailbox
select_field = quota
where_field = username
additional_conditions = AND active = '1'
至此postfix 基本设置完成，但还不能收发邮件。
4、安装maildrop
我们在设置邮件服务器时MTA 部分还是使用posfix 本身的帐户进行处理邮件，由于maildrop 不能和postfix 与同一用户身份处理邮件，所以我们新开一个用户用户maildrop 处理。
添加vgroup
pw groupadd vgroup -g 1000
添加vuser
%pw useradd vuser -g 1000 -u 1000 -s /sbin/nologin -d /sbin/nologin -c "virtual mail user"
安装maildrop,记得要把WITH_AUTHLIB=yes 加上
%cd /usr/ports/mail/maildrop
%make install WITH_AUTHLIB=yes
选择AUTH_MYSQL
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x Options for maildrop 2.0.1 x
x lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk x
x x [ ] AUTH_LDAP LDAP support x x
x x [X] AUTH_MYSQL MySQL support x x
x x [ ] AUTH_PGSQL PostgreSQL support x x
x x [ ] AUTH_USERDB Userdb support x x
x x [ ] AUTH_VCHKPW Vpopmail/vchkpw support x x
修改/usr/local/etc/postfix/master.cf ,把maildrop 原先已有的记录注译（即删除旧记录），加上下面的内容
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vuser argv=/usr/local/bin/maildrop -d ${user}@${nexthop} ${recipient} ${user} ${extension} ${nexthop}
设置邮件存储目录
%mkdir -p /home/data/domains/extmail.org/test
%/usr/local/bin/maildirmake /home/data/domains/extmail.org/test/Maildir
%chown -R 1000:1000 /home/data/domains/
至此，我们的邮件系统基础部分已经安装完成了。重启系统，开始进行测试。
六、测试系统1、测试maildrop 是否正常
建议进入系统后去检查/etc/rc.conf 中的服务是否正常。
注意邮件系统用户名格式是：user@domain.ltd ，是支持多域的，和平时用的有点不一样。
用SecureCRT 新开 二个窗口，其中一个用于输入命令，一个查看maillog
%tail -f /var/log/maillog
观察下面的操作,证明maildrop 已投递正常
%echo "test" | maildrop -V 10 -d test@extmail.org
maildrop: authlib: groupid=1000
maildrop: authlib: userid=1000
maildrop: authlib: logname=test@extmail.org, home=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test, mail=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test/Maildir/
maildrop: Changing to /home/data/domains/extmail.org/test
Message start at 0 bytes, envelope sender=test@extmail.org
maildrop: Attempting .mailfilter
WARN: quota string '5242880' not parseable
maildrop: Delivery complete.
maillog 将会有如下显示
Mar 10 14:39:58 mail authdaemond: Authenticated: sysusername=, sysuserid=1000, sysgroupid=1000,
homedir=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test, address=test@extmail.org, fullname=Test user,
maildir=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test/Maildir/, quota=5242880, options=
Mar 10 14:39:58 mail authdaemond: Authenticated: clearpasswd=, passwd={crypt}uywiuN.XggXXc
2、测试postfix
由于在发信认证时使用的是BASE64 编码，所以要把用户名和密码转BASE64 格式，在此前需要安装 p5-MIME-BASE64
%cd /usr/ports/converters/p5-MIME-Base64/
%make install
测试用户test@extmail.org 密码 test
%perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("test\@extmail.org");'
dGVzdEBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw==
%perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("test");'
dGVzdA==
看下面的测试过程
%telnet localhost 25
Trying ::1...
telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 sharesky.cn ESMTP Mail System
ehlo test.com
250-mail.extmail.org
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 14680064
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
250-AUTH=LOGIN PLAIN
250 8BITMIME
auth login
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
dGVzdEBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw==
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
dGVzdA==
235 Authentication successful
mail from:
250 Ok
rcpt to:
250 Ok
data
354 End data with .
this is a test.
.
250 Ok: queued as 23CEE5C38
quit
221 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
下面是系统所产生的maillog
Mar 10 14:47:45 mail postfix/smtpd[1090]: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
Mar 10 14:47:57 mail authdaemond: Authenticated: sysusername=, sysuserid=1000, sysgroupid=1000, homedir=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test,
address=test@extmail.org, fullname=Test user, maildir=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test/Maildir/, quota=5242880, options=
Mar 10 14:47:57 mail authdaemond: Authenticated: clearpasswd=test, passwd={crypt}uywiuN.XggXXc
Mar 10 14:48:13 mail postfix/smtpd[1090]: 23CEE5C38: client=localhost[127.0.0.1], sasl_method=login, sasl_username=test@extmail.org
Mar 10 14:48:18 mail postfix/cleanup[1135]: 23CEE5C38: message-id=<20060310144813.23CEE5C38@mail.extmail.org>
Mar 10 14:48:18 mail postfix/qmgr[669]: 23CEE5C38: from=, size=341, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Mar 10 14:48:19 mail authdaemond: Authenticated: sysusername=, sysuserid=1000, sysgroupid=1000, homedir=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test,
address=test@extmail.org, fullname=Test user, maildir=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test/Maildir/, quota=5242880, options=
Mar 10 14:48:19 mail authdaemond: Authenticated: clearpasswd=, passwd={crypt}uywiuN.XggXXc
Mar 10 14:48:19 mail postfix/pipe[1136]: 23CEE5C38: to=, relay=maildrop, delay=14, status=sent (extmail.org)
Mar 10 14:48:19 mail postfix/qmgr[669]: 23CEE5C38: removed
Mar 10 14:48:20 mail postfix/smtpd[1090]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
测试pop3收邮件
%telnet localhost 110
Trying ::1...
telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
+OK Hello there.
user test@extmail.org
+OK Password required.
pass test
+OK logged in.
list
+OK POP3 clients that break here, they violate STD53.
1 6
2 403
.
retr 1
+OK 6 octets follow.
test
.
retr 2
+OK 403 octets follow.
Return-Path:
Delivered-To: test@extmail.org
Received: from test.com (localhost [127.0.0.1])
by mail.extmail.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 23CEE5C38
for ; Fri, 10 Mar 2006 14:48:05 +0000 (UTC)
Message-Id: <20060310144813.23CEE5C38@mail.extmail.org>
Date: Fri, 10 Mar 2006 14:48:05 +0000 (UTC)
From: test@test.com
To: undisclosed-recipients:;
this is a test.
.
quit
+OK Bye-bye.
Connection closed by foreign host.
所产生的maillog
Mar 10 16:17:56 mail authdaemond: Authenticated: sysusername=, sysuserid=1000, sysgroupid=1000, homedir=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test, address=test@extmail.org, fullname=Test user, maildir=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/test/Maildir/, quota=5242880, options=
Mar 10 16:17:56 mail authdaemond: Authenticated: clearpasswd=test, passwd={crypt}uywiuN.XggXXc
Mar 10 16:17:57 mail pop3d: LOGIN, user=test@extmail.org, ip=[127.0.0.1]
Mar 10 16:18:15 mail pop3d: LOGOUT, user=test@extmail.org, ip=[127.0.0.1], top=0, retr=397, time=18
至此，我们已经成功安装了一个邮件系统，下面我们再去增加内容过滤和反垃圾邮件部分。
七、安装反垃圾邮件1、安装amavisd-new
内容过滤我们采用了amavisd-new ，主要考滤到amavsid-new 配置方便，当然你也可以使用mailscanner。
%cd /usr/ports/security/amavisd-new/
%make install clean
只选择MYSQL
在安装Amavisd-new 时，系统会自动把Spamassassin 装上去
lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk
x Options for p5-Mail-SpamAssassin 3.1.0_6 x
x lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk x
x x [X] AS_ROOT Run spamd as root (recommended) x x
x x [ ] DOMAINKEYS DomainKeys support x x
x x [X] SSL Build with SSL support for spamd/spamc x x
x x [X] MYSQL Add MySQL support x x
x x [ ] PGSQL Add PostreSQL support x x
x x [ ] RAZOR Add Vipul's Razor support x x
x x [ ] SPF_QUERY Add SPF query support x x
x x [ ] RELAY_COUNTRY Relay country support x x
x x [X] TOOLS Install SpamAssassin tools x x
在/etc/rc.conf 加入下面的内容
amavisd_enable="YES"
spamd_enable="YES"
修改 /usr/local/etc/amavisd.conf
$mydomain = 'extmail.org';
垃圾邮件病毒通知
$virus_admin = "postmaster\@$mydomain"; # notifications recip.
$mailfrom_notify_admin = "postmaster\@$mydomain"; # notifications sender
$mailfrom_notify_recip = "postmaster\@$mydomain"; # notifications sender
$mailfrom_notify_spamadmin = "postmaster\@$mydomain"; # notifications sender
$mailfrom_to_quarantine = ''; # null return path; uses original sender if undef
去除对附件的转换
$banned_filename_re = new_RE(
#把中间的内容全部加上#
);
加入对Clamav 的支持
# ### http://www.clamav.net/
['ClamAV-clamd',
\&ask_daemon, ["CONTSCAN {}\n", "/var/run/clamav/clamd"],
qr/\bOK$/, qr/\bFOUND$/,
qr/^.*?: (?!Infected Archive)(.*) FOUND$/ ],
在/usr/local/etc/postfix/main.cf 加入
content_filter = smtp-amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024
在/usr/local/etc/postfix/master.cf 加入
smtp-amavis unix - - n - 2 smtp
-o smtp_data_done_timeout=1200
-o disable_dns_lookups=yes
127.0.0.1:10025 inet n - n - - smtpd
-o content_filter=
-o local_recipient_maps=
-o relay_recipient_maps=
-o smtpd_restriction_classes=
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=
-o smtpd_helo_restrictions=
-o smtpd_sender_restrictions=
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
-o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8
重启postfix
%/usr/local/etc/rc.d/postfix.sh restart
postfix/postfix-script: stopping the Postfix mail system
postfix/postfix-script: starting the Postfix mail system
对于Spamassassin 配置文件/usr/local/etc/mail/spamassassin/local.cf 请参考
配置工具
调试amavisd-new
%su vscan
$ /etc/sbin/amavisd debug
如果没有出现任何错误，证明你的amavisd-new 正常。
2、安装Clamav
clamav 用于邮件杀毒
%cd /usr/ports/security/clamav
%make install clean
可以什么都不选，直接回车
clamav_clamd_enable="YES"
clamav_freshclam_enable="YES"
修改/usr/local/etc/clamd.conf 让其以vscan 身份运行(约145行)
#User clamav
User vscan
修改/usr/local/etc/freshclam.conf
#DatabaseOwner clamav
DatabaseOwner vscan
修目录权限
%chown -R vscan:vscan /var/log/clamav
%chown -R vscan:vscan /var/run/clamav
%chown -R vscan:vscan /var/db/clamav
启动clamav 与 自动更新
%/usr/local/etc/rc.d/clamav-clamd.sh start
%/usr/local/etc/rc.d/clamav-freshclam.sh start3、测试%telnet localhost 25
Trying ::1...
telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.mold.com.cn.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 extmail.org ESMTP Mail System
ehlo test.com
250-mail.mold.com.cn
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 14680064
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
250-AUTH=LOGIN PLAIN
250 8BITMIME
mail from:
250 Ok
rcpt to:
250 Ok
data
354 End data with .
X5O!P%@AP[4\PZX54(P^)7CC)7}$EICAR-STANDARD-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE!$H+H*
.
250 Ok: queued as F19692E084
quit
221 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
所产生的maillog
Mar 10 18:19:25 mail postfix/smtpd[797]: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
Mar 10 18:19:25 mail postfix/smtpd[797]: CD31B5C25: client=localhost[127.0.0.1]
Mar 10 18:19:25 mail postfix/cleanup[793]: CD31B5C25: message-id=
Mar 10 18:19:25 mail postfix/qmgr[789]: CD31B5C25: from=, size=1670, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Mar 10 18:19:26 mail postfix/smtpd[797]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
Mar 10 18:19:26 mail amavis[458]: (00458-01) Blocked INFECTED (Eicar-Test-Signature), [127.0.0.1] -> , quarantine: virus-Q0WNU5+REDjW,
Message-ID: <20060310181918.954D75C24@mail.extmail.org>, mail_id: Q0WNU5+REDjW, Hits: -, 1567 ms
Mar 10 18:19:26 mail postfix/smtp[794]: 954D75C24: to=, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1], delay=14, status=sent (250 2.7.1 Ok, discarded, id=00458-01 - VIRUS: Eicar-Test-Signature)
Mar 10 18:19:26 mail postfix/qmgr[789]: 954D75C24: removed
Mar 10 18:19:26 mail postfix/smtpd[791]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
观看红色的地方，病毒已经找到，并隔离了。随之这封邮件被系统删除。
八、安装extmail /extman1、设置apache 的运行身份
修改/usr/local/etc/apache22/httpd.conf
#User www
#Group www
User vuser
Group vgroup
在httpd.conf 加入下面的内容
Alias /extman/cgi/ /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extman/cgi/
Alias /extman /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extman/html/
SetHandler cgi-script
Options +ExecCGI
AllowOverride All
# config for ExtMail
Alias /extmail/cgi/ /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extmail/cgi/
Alias /extmail /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extmail/html/
SetHandler cgi-script
Options +ExecCGI
AllowOverride All
重启apahce
%/usr/local/etc/rc.d/apache22.sh restart
Performing sanity check on apache22 configuration:
Syntax OK
Stopping apache22.
Waiting for PIDS: 461.
Performing sanity check on apache22 configuration:
Syntax OK
Starting apache22.
2、安装extmail
从extmail官方网站:www.extmail.org 下载最新版式
tar zxvf extmail-23-20060219.tar.gz
%cp -r extmail-0.23-20060219/ /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extmail
创建配置文件
%cd /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extmail/
%cp webmail.cf.default webmail.cf
修改配置文件,我只把需要修改的地方贴出来
# sys_config, the config file and webmail programe root
SYS_CONFIG = /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extmail/
# sys_langdir, the i18n dir
SYS_LANGDIR = /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extmail/lang
# sys_templdir, the template dir
SYS_TEMPLDIR = /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extmail/html
# sys_netdisk_on, default is off
SYS_NETDISK_ON = 1
# maildir_base, the base dir of user maildir, use absolute path
# if not set.
SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /home/data/domains
# if mysql, all relate paramters should prefix as SYS_MYSQL
SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_DB = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_HOST = localhost
SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /tmp/mysql.sock
打开你的浏览器，输入http://ip/extmail 即可看到登陆窗口
用户名：test
密码:test
域名：extmail.org


3、安装extman
从extmail 官方网站下载软件包，解压复制到/usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin目录。
%cd /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extman/
编辑 webman.cf
# sys_config, the config file and webman programe root
SYS_CONFIG = /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extman/
# sys_langdir, the i18n dir
SYS_LANGDIR = /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extman/lang
# sys_templdir, the template dir
SYS_TEMPLDIR = /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/extman/html
# maildir_base, the base dir of user maildir, use absolute path
# if not set.
SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /home/data/domains
# if mysql, all relate paramters should prefix as SYS_MYSQL
SYS_MYSQL_USER = webman
SYS_MYSQL_PASS = webman
SYS_MYSQL_DB = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_HOST = localhost
SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /tmp/mysql.sock

from site ：http://www.nixsky.com/bsd/freebsd/2008-01/376.html