神马文学网Coke R. Stevenson
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Coke R. Stevenson
35th Governor of Texas
In office
August 4, 1941 – January 21, 1947
LieutenantJohn Lee Smith (1943-1947)
Preceded byW. Lee O'Daniel
Succeeded byBeauford H. Jester
Born March 20, 1888
Mason County, Texas
Died June 28, 1975 (Aged 87)
San Angelo, Texas
Resting place Stevenson Family Ranch Cemetery
Telegraph, Texas
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse(s) (1) Fay Wright (December 24, 1912 until her death in 1942)
(2) Marguerite King-Heap (January 16, 1954, until his death)
ProfessionRancher
ReligionMethodist
Coke R. Stevenson Memorial Center meeting hall is located offInterstate 10 inJunction,Texas.
Coke Robert Stevenson (March 20, 1888– June 28, 1975) was the35th Governor of Texas from 1941 to 1947. He was the only 20th centuryTexas politician to serve asSpeaker of the Texas House of Representatives, asLieutenant Governor, and then as governor.
He was born near the geographic center of Texas inMason County to Robert Milton and Virginia Hurley Stevenson. His parents named him for GovernorRichard Coke.[1] As a teenager, he went into the business of hauling freight. In 1913, Coke Stevenson became president of the First National Bank inJunction, the seat ofKimble County. He was KimbleCounty Attorney from 1914-1918 and Kimblecounty judge, the chief county administrator with some judicial duties, from 1919-1921. In 1928 he was elected to the Texas House as aDemocrat, and served there from 1929 until 1939. In 1933, he was elected Speaker of the House; he was re-elected in 1935, becoming the first person in Texas history to serve two terms as Speaker. After five terms in the House, he was elected Lieutenant Governor in 1938, serving under GovernorW. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel.
Stevenson succeeded to the governorship on August 4, 1941, when O'Daniel resigned to take a seat in theU.S. Senate, which he won in aspecial election. A dramatic contrast to the flamboyant and unpredictable O'Daniel, Stevenson's approach was so conservative and taciturn that his critics accused him of doing nothing. Stevenson was elected to a full term in 1942, winning the Democratic primary with 69% and being unopposed in the general election. He was elected to a second term in 1944, effectively unopposed.[2] When he left the governorship in January 1947 he was the longest-serving governor in the history of Texas and had presided over a broad and deep economic recovery during the years ofWorld War II.
In 1948, Stevenson filed for the U.S. Senate. He led the Democratic primary with 39.7% to 33.7% againstU.S. RepresentativeLyndon B. Johnson ofAustin. In the hotly-contested runoff, Johnson won by only 87 votes out of 988,295 cast - one of the closest results in a senatorial election in U.S. history.[3] (As there only a weakRepublican Party in Texas, winning the Democratic primary was all that mattered.) Stevenson challenged the result on quite apparent grounds ofvoter fraud. The Democratic State Central Committee sustained Johnson's victory by a 29-28 vote. The tie-breaking vote was cast by publisherFrank W. Mayborn ofTemple, who rushed back to Texas from a business trip inNashville, Tennessee, at the urging of Johnson's campaign manager,John B. Connally. Stevenson was granted aninjunction by thefederal district court, barring Johnson from the general election ballot. However,Supreme Court Associate JusticeHugo Black, sitting as a circuit court judge, ruled that the federal government lacked jurisdiction, and that the question was for the Central Committee to decide. He ordered the injunction stayed, and his ruling was upheld by the Supreme Court.[4]
After the loss to Johnson, Stevenson retired to Junction. Disenchanted with the Democratic Party, he supported Republicans for the rest of his life, includingJohn G. Tower for the Senate andRichard M. Nixon andBarry Goldwater for the presidency. He died inSan Angelo, Texas. In 1964, he even met at his ranch with the Republican gubernatorial nomineeJack Crichton ofDallas but did not specifically endorse Cox over John B. Connally, who had worked for Johnson against Stevenson in the disputed 1948 vote.
[edit] Historiography
Stevenson's character became a subject of historical discussion after the publication ofMeans of Ascent, the second volume ofRobert Caro's best-selling biography ofLyndon Johnson, which covers the disputed 1948 election. Caro portrayed Stevenson as an honorable statesman and reluctant office-seeker, in contrast to the venal and intensely ambitious Johnson.
Some critics felt that Caro idealized Stevenson because of distaste for Johnson. Stevenson was a traditional Texas Democratic politician. When a black man was lynched inTexarkana, Texas in 1943, Stevenson did little in response. In private he is alleged to have said, "Well, you know these negroes sometimes do those kinds of things that provoke whites to such action."[5]
Caro answered these criticisms in an essay in theNew York Times Book Review of February 2, 1991. This essay also appeared as an afterword to the paperback edition of Means of Ascent. Caro asserted that Stevenson, while very much a man of his day, was also the throwback western original portrayed in Caro's book.
[edit] References
^ Robert A. Caro: The Years of Lyndon Johnson: Means of Ascent, p. 146. New York 1991, Vintage.ISBN 978-0-679-73371-3^ Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections. Congressional Quarterly. 1985. pp. 529, 1087. ^ Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections. Congressional Quarterly. 1985. pp. 1101. ^ Harvard Law Review, Vol. 62, No. 2 (Dec., 1948), pp. 311-313^"LBJ, The American Experience". PBS. 2008-10-20.http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/presidents/video/lbj_01.html#v226.
Tex. Legis. Council, Presiding Officers of the Texas Legislature: 1846-1995 77, 185 (1995)
[edit] External links
Coke Robert Stevenson from theHandbook of Texas OnlineHistoric photographs of Coke R. Stevenson, hosted by thePortal to Texas History " In Search of Coke Stevenson" , Robert Caro's description of how he came to write about Coke Stevenson (http://www.robertcaro.com/CokeStevenson.html)
(Redirected fromCoke Stevenson)
Jump to:navigation,search
Coke R. Stevenson
35th Governor of Texas
In office
August 4, 1941 – January 21, 1947
LieutenantJohn Lee Smith (1943-1947)
Preceded byW. Lee O'Daniel
Succeeded byBeauford H. Jester
Born March 20, 1888
Mason County, Texas
Died June 28, 1975 (Aged 87)
San Angelo, Texas
Resting place Stevenson Family Ranch Cemetery
Telegraph, Texas
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse(s) (1) Fay Wright (December 24, 1912 until her death in 1942)
(2) Marguerite King-Heap (January 16, 1954, until his death)
ProfessionRancher
ReligionMethodist
Coke R. Stevenson Memorial Center meeting hall is located offInterstate 10 inJunction,Texas.
Coke Robert Stevenson (March 20, 1888– June 28, 1975) was the35th Governor of Texas from 1941 to 1947. He was the only 20th centuryTexas politician to serve asSpeaker of the Texas House of Representatives, asLieutenant Governor, and then as governor.
He was born near the geographic center of Texas inMason County to Robert Milton and Virginia Hurley Stevenson. His parents named him for GovernorRichard Coke.[1] As a teenager, he went into the business of hauling freight. In 1913, Coke Stevenson became president of the First National Bank inJunction, the seat ofKimble County. He was KimbleCounty Attorney from 1914-1918 and Kimblecounty judge, the chief county administrator with some judicial duties, from 1919-1921. In 1928 he was elected to the Texas House as aDemocrat, and served there from 1929 until 1939. In 1933, he was elected Speaker of the House; he was re-elected in 1935, becoming the first person in Texas history to serve two terms as Speaker. After five terms in the House, he was elected Lieutenant Governor in 1938, serving under GovernorW. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel.
Stevenson succeeded to the governorship on August 4, 1941, when O'Daniel resigned to take a seat in theU.S. Senate, which he won in aspecial election. A dramatic contrast to the flamboyant and unpredictable O'Daniel, Stevenson's approach was so conservative and taciturn that his critics accused him of doing nothing. Stevenson was elected to a full term in 1942, winning the Democratic primary with 69% and being unopposed in the general election. He was elected to a second term in 1944, effectively unopposed.[2] When he left the governorship in January 1947 he was the longest-serving governor in the history of Texas and had presided over a broad and deep economic recovery during the years ofWorld War II.
In 1948, Stevenson filed for the U.S. Senate. He led the Democratic primary with 39.7% to 33.7% againstU.S. RepresentativeLyndon B. Johnson ofAustin. In the hotly-contested runoff, Johnson won by only 87 votes out of 988,295 cast - one of the closest results in a senatorial election in U.S. history.[3] (As there only a weakRepublican Party in Texas, winning the Democratic primary was all that mattered.) Stevenson challenged the result on quite apparent grounds ofvoter fraud. The Democratic State Central Committee sustained Johnson's victory by a 29-28 vote. The tie-breaking vote was cast by publisherFrank W. Mayborn ofTemple, who rushed back to Texas from a business trip inNashville, Tennessee, at the urging of Johnson's campaign manager,John B. Connally. Stevenson was granted aninjunction by thefederal district court, barring Johnson from the general election ballot. However,Supreme Court Associate JusticeHugo Black, sitting as a circuit court judge, ruled that the federal government lacked jurisdiction, and that the question was for the Central Committee to decide. He ordered the injunction stayed, and his ruling was upheld by the Supreme Court.[4]
After the loss to Johnson, Stevenson retired to Junction. Disenchanted with the Democratic Party, he supported Republicans for the rest of his life, includingJohn G. Tower for the Senate andRichard M. Nixon andBarry Goldwater for the presidency. He died inSan Angelo, Texas. In 1964, he even met at his ranch with the Republican gubernatorial nomineeJack Crichton ofDallas but did not specifically endorse Cox over John B. Connally, who had worked for Johnson against Stevenson in the disputed 1948 vote.
[edit] Historiography
Stevenson's character became a subject of historical discussion after the publication ofMeans of Ascent, the second volume ofRobert Caro's best-selling biography ofLyndon Johnson, which covers the disputed 1948 election. Caro portrayed Stevenson as an honorable statesman and reluctant office-seeker, in contrast to the venal and intensely ambitious Johnson.
Some critics felt that Caro idealized Stevenson because of distaste for Johnson. Stevenson was a traditional Texas Democratic politician. When a black man was lynched inTexarkana, Texas in 1943, Stevenson did little in response. In private he is alleged to have said, "Well, you know these negroes sometimes do those kinds of things that provoke whites to such action."[5]
Caro answered these criticisms in an essay in theNew York Times Book Review of February 2, 1991. This essay also appeared as an afterword to the paperback edition of Means of Ascent. Caro asserted that Stevenson, while very much a man of his day, was also the throwback western original portrayed in Caro's book.
[edit] References
^ Robert A. Caro: The Years of Lyndon Johnson: Means of Ascent, p. 146. New York 1991, Vintage.ISBN 978-0-679-73371-3^ Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections. Congressional Quarterly. 1985. pp. 529, 1087. ^ Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections. Congressional Quarterly. 1985. pp. 1101. ^ Harvard Law Review, Vol. 62, No. 2 (Dec., 1948), pp. 311-313^"LBJ, The American Experience". PBS. 2008-10-20.http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/presidents/video/lbj_01.html#v226.
Tex. Legis. Council, Presiding Officers of the Texas Legislature: 1846-1995 77, 185 (1995)
[edit] External links
Coke Robert Stevenson from theHandbook of Texas OnlineHistoric photographs of Coke R. Stevenson, hosted by thePortal to Texas History " In Search of Coke Stevenson" , Robert Caro's description of how he came to write about Coke Stevenson (http://www.robertcaro.com/CokeStevenson.html)