十座最令人惊讶的幽灵之城g

10 Most Amazing Ghost Towns
十座最令人惊讶的幽灵之城

前全球最著名的十大荒废城市：

1.卡曼斯科(纳米比亚)——沙漠吞噬的城市
KOLMANSKOP (Namibia): Buried in sand

Kolmanskop is a ghost town in southern Namibia, a few kilometres inland from the port of Lüderitz. In 1908, Luederitz was plunged into diamond fever and people rushed into the Namib desert hoping to make an easy fortune. Within two years, a town, complete with a casino, school, hospital and exclusive residential buildings, was established in the barren sandy desert. But shortly after the drop in diamond sales after the First World War, the beginning of the end started. During the 1950's the town was deserted and the dunes began to reclaim what was always theirs.  
卡曼斯科(Kolmanskop)是一座位于纳米比亚南部，离吕德里茨港很近，现今已被沙漠吞噬的城市。早在1908年，吕德里茨兴起了一股钻石热潮，一大批抱有钻石梦的年轻人聚集到纳米比亚的沙漠中。随之而来的，就是这座卡曼斯科的小镇，人们修建了学校，医院，娱乐场所以及大片的住宅区。

Soon the metal screens collapsed and the pretty gardens and tidy streets were buried under the sand. Doors and windows creaked on their hinges, cracked window panes stared sightlessly across the desert. A new ghost town had been born.
可好景不长，随着世界战后钻石价格的大幅跌落，这座曾今繁华一时的城镇渐渐落寞，最终在20世纪五十年代被彻底废弃，淹没在一片沙丘之中。




A couple of old buildings are still standing and some interiors like the theatre is still in very good condition, but the rest are crumbling ruins demolished from grandeur to ghost houses.
一对旧楼仍然矗立在那里，一些剧院里的内饰看上去仍然不错，但其余的都是摇摇欲坠的废墟，从宏伟的建筑变成了现在的鬼屋。  2：普里皮亚季(乌克兰)——切尔诺贝利核泄漏阴影下的城市
PRYPIAT (Ukraine): Chernobyl

1986年4月26日的普里皮亚季(Prypiat)，发生了令世界震惊的切尔诺贝利核泄露事件，这座曾拥有5万人的城市也于随后失去了生机，被人类遗弃。
当地居民在事故发生后，只允许拿走少量的文件、书和衣裳。许多公寓看上去就像是被打劫过，许多房屋没有维修已经破败不堪，由于大厦没有被维护，屋顶已经破漏，建筑材料散落。  

Prypiat is an abandoned city in the Zone of alienation in northern Ukraine. It was home to the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant workers, abandoned in 1986 following the Chernobyl disaster. Its population had been around 50,000 prior to the accident.

Until recently, the site was practically a museum, documenting the late Soviet era. Apartment buildings (four of which were recent constructions not yet occupied), swimming pools, hospitals and other buildings were all abandoned, and everything inside the buildings was left behind, including records, papers, TVs, children's toys, furniture, valuables, and clothing, etc. that any normal family would have with them. Residents were only allowed to take away a suitcase full of documents, books and clothes that were not contaminated. However, many of the apartment buildings were almost completely looted some time around the beginning of the 21st century.[citation needed] Nothing of value was left behind; even toilet seats were taken away. Some buildings have remained untouched. Many of the building interiors have been vandalized and ransacked over the years. Because the buildings are not maintained, the roofs leak, and in the spring the rooms are flooded with water. It is not unusual to find trees growing on roofs and even inside buildings. This hastens deterioration, and due to this, a 4-story school partially collapsed in July of 2005.
  3.三芝(台湾)——迷失的未来都市
SAN ZHI (Taiwan): a futuristic resort
三芝(SanZhi)是台湾北部的一座具现代色彩的废弃之城，城中多是一些酷似新潮宇宙飞船可分离舱的住宅。兴建初衷是造富人豪华度假村，但是建设中，出现了多起意外死亡事件，被无限期搁浅以致被废弃。 虽然之后也有政府组织想重建此城，可由于破败已久和开发成本过大而纷纷夭折。

in the North of Taiwan, this futuristic pod village was initially built as a luxury vacation retreat for the rich. However, after numerous fatal accidents during construction, production was halted. A combination of lack of money and lack of willingness meant that work was stopped permanently, and the alien like structures remain as if in remembrance of those lost. Indeed, rumors in the surrounding area suggest that the City is now haunted by the ghosts of those who died.

After this the whole thing received the cover-up treatment. And the Government, who commissioned the site in the first place was keen to distance itself from the bizarre happenings. Thanks to this, there are no named architects. The project may never be restarted thanks to the growing legend, and there would be no value in re-developing the area for other purpose. Maybe simply because destroying homes of lonely spirits is a bad thing to do. San Zhi can also be seen from an aeriel view here.
  4.柯奥柯(意大利)——战争与灾害的牺牲品   
CRACO (Italy): a fascinating medieval town

柯奥柯(Craco)位于巴斯利卡塔大区，马泰拉省内。距离塔兰托海湾大约25英里，处在靴子状意大利的脚面部分。这座中世纪的古镇是这一带村镇的典型代表。
Craco is located in the Region of Basilicata and the Province of Matera. About 25 miles inland from the Gulf of Taranto at the instep of the “boot” of Italy. This medieval town is typical of those in the area, built up with long undulating hills all around that allow for the farming of wheat and other crops. Craco can be dated back to 1060 when the land was in the ownership of Archbishop Arnaldo, Bishop of Tricarico. This long-standing relationshop with the Church had much influence over the inhabitants throughout the ages.



柯奥柯历史悠久，最早可以追溯到1060年。但在十九世纪末与二十世纪初的几十年，由于战乱，成千上万的当地人逃往美国等地，在经历了1959到1972年频繁的地质灾害后被彻底废弃。
In 1891, the population of Craco stood at well over 2,000 people. Though there had been many problems, with poor agricultural conditions creating desperate times. Between 1892 and 1922 over 1,300 people moved from the town to North America. Poor farming was added to by earthquakes, landslides, and War - all of which contributed to this mass migration. Between 1959 and 1972 Craco was plagued by these landslides and quakes. In 1963 the remaining 1,800 inhabitants were transferred to a nearby valley called Craco Peschiera, and the original Craco remains in a state of crumbling decay to this day.  5.格拉讷河畔奥拉杜尔(法国)——勿忘战争的城市
  ORADOUR-SUR-GLANE (France): the horror of WWII

法国格拉讷河畔奥拉杜尔镇(Oradour-sur-Glane)曾经历过惨痛的血洗。二战时的德国纳粹分子先屠杀了642位城中居民，作为对法国抵抗的一种处罚，在遭受了灭绝人性的血洗后，格拉讷河畔奥拉杜尔变成了一座死城。
它的废墟今天作为反战纪念品被保留下来，记录战争的恐怖，警示当代。
The small village of Oradour-sur-Glane, France, is the setting of unspeakable horror. During World War II, 642 residents were massacred by German soldiers as punishment for the French Resistance. The Germans had initially intended to target nearby Oradour-sur-Vayres and mistakenly invaded Oradour-sur-Glane on June 10th 1944. According to a survivor’s account, the men were herded into barns where they were shot in the legs so they would die more slowly. The women and children, who had been held in a church, all perished when their attempt to escape was met by machine-gun fire. The village was razed by the Germans afterward. Its ruins still stand today as a memorial to the dead and a reminder of the events that took place.  6.军舰岛(日本)——生命禁区的岛屿城
GUNKANJIMA (Japan): the forbidden island

军舰岛(Gunkan-jima)是日本长崎县505个荒岛之一，距离长崎市15公里。岛屿外观形似战舰。1890年，三菱公司买下此岛，并在这里开发海底的煤炭资源。曾是世界历史上有记录的高人口密度区之一，平均每公顷的人口密度为835人之多。
This island is one among 505 uninhabited islands in the Nagasaki Prefecture of Japan about 15 kilometers from Nagasaki itself. It is also known as "Gunkan-jima" or Battleship Island thanks to its high sea walls. It began in 1890 when a company called Mitsubishi bought the island and began a project to retrieve coal from the bottom of the sea. This attracted much attention, and in 1916 they were forced to build Japan’s first large concrete building on the island. A block of apartments that would both accommodate the seas of workers and protect them from hurricanes.

随着资源的枯竭以及经济的萧条，三菱公司于1974年正式宣布关闭这个煤矿，所以现在那儿空空如野，也禁止参观。

同时，这做被遗弃的城市却给电影《大逃杀2：镇魂歌》以及电脑游戏《杀手7》提供了灵感来源。
In 1959, population had swelled, and boasted a density of 835 people per hectare for the whole island (1,391 per hectare for the residential district) - one of the highest population densities ever recorded worldwide. As petroleum replaced coal in Japan in the 1960’s, coal mines began shutting down all over the country, and Hashima’s mines were no exception. In 1974 Mitsubishi officially announced the closing of the mine, and today it is empty and bare, with travel currently prohibited. The island was the location for the 2003 film ‘Battle Royale II’ and inspired the final level of popular Asian videogame "Killer7".  7.卡达柯(俄罗斯)——前苏联的记忆
KADYKCHAN (Russia): memories of the Soviet Union

卡达柯(Kadykchan)是苏维埃联邦解体时代中，众多被废弃的小城市之一。居民被迫搬迁以获得如自来水，学校教育和医疗照顾。他们被带到其他城镇，而且政府为他们提供新的房屋。曾经是1.2万人口的锡矿城市，至今已经化为废墟。仍然可以在城里找到陈旧的玩具，书籍，衣物和其他物品。
Kadykchan was one of many small Russian cities that fell into ruin when the Soviet Union collapsed. Residents were forced to move to gain access to services like running water, schools and medical care. The state moved them out over a period of two weeks, and they were taken to other towns and provided with new housing. Once a tin mining town of 12,000 people, the city is now desolate. In their hurry to leave, residents left their belongings behind in their homes, so you can now find aging toys, books, clothing and other objects throughout the empty city.  8：九龙寨城(香港)——没有法律保护的城市
  KOWLOON WALLED CITY (China): A lawless city

九龙寨城(Kowloon Walled City)只有6英亩大，约2.7公顷，曾是一块被英国割占而仍是中国行使领土主权的地方，身份非常特别。原来在《中英展拓香港界址专条》中议定，中国官员仍可驻扎九龙城内，并保留附近码头以便往来。城寨因此成了‘界中之界’。但实际上，清朝、国民党时期和解放后，中国都未在此治理；英国虽不断觊觎，都无法得逞。结果城寨成了‘三不管’地方，寨内藏污纳垢，环境恶劣。
The Kowloon Walled City was located just outside Hong Kong, China during British rule. A former watchpost to protect the area against pirates, it was occupied by Japan during World War II and subsequently taken over by squatters after Japan’s surrender. Neither Britain nor China wanted responsibility for it, so it became its own lawless city.
 
到了1984年，中英两国签订《中英联合声明》处理香港问题，1987年两国共同决定清理拆除寨城，迁徙居民。在1993年被拆除前，曾经让成龙拍摄《重案组》电影，并容许一群日本探索家以一星期时间描绘寨城地图。有指九龙寨城在拆毁之前有50,000多名居民；以寨城面积0.026平方公里推算，城寨人口密度为每平方公里190万人，是全世界人口最密集的地方。
Its population flourished for decades, with residents building labyrinthine corridors above the street level, which was clogged with trash. The buildings grew so tall that sunlight couldn’t reach the bottom levels and the entire city had to be illuminated with fluorescent lights. It was a place where brothels, casinos, opium dens, cocaine parlors, food courts serving dog meat and secret factories ran unmolested by authorities. It was finally torn down in 1993 after a mutual decision was made by British and Chinese authorities, who had finally grown wary of the unsanitary, anarchic city and its out-of-control population.  9.瓦罗莎(塞浦路斯)——旅游天堂的没落城市
FAMAGUSTA (Cyprus): once a top tourist destination, now a ghost town

瓦罗莎(Varosha)位于塞浦路斯的法马古斯塔(Famagusta)，原本是一个现代观光城市，而且是世界上最豪华的度假胜地之一。  
1974年，土耳其进攻塞浦路斯，分裂了这个岛屿。当地居民纷纷逃走，期待着有一天能重回故土。土耳其军队在其四周都围上铁丝网，完全控制了这座城市。除了他们自己人以及联合国的工作人员，谁也不准进入此城。  
这座城正慢慢倒塌。尽管从好的一方面说，这片荒芜的沙滩成了稀有海龟的栖息地。
Varosha is a settlement in the unrecognised Republic of Northern Cyprus. Prior to the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus, it was the modern tourist area of the city of Famagusta. For the last three decades, it has been left as a ghost town. In the 1970s, the city was the number one tourist destination in Cyprus. To cater to the increasing number of tourists, many new high-rise buildings and hotels were constructed.

When the Turkish Army gained control of the area during the war, they fenced it off and have since refused admittance to anyone except Turkish military and United Nations personnel. The Annan Plan had provided for the return of Varosha to Greek Cypriot control, but this never happened, as the plan was rejected by Greek Cypriot voters. As no repairs have been carried out for 34 years, all of the buildings are slowly falling apart. Nature is reclaiming the area, as metal corrodes, windows break, and plants work their roots into the walls and pavements. Sea turtles have been seen nesting on the deserted beaches.

By 2010, the Turkish Cypriot administration of the de-facto Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus plan to reopen Varosha to tourism and the city will be populated as one of the most influential cities in the north of the island.  10.阿格达姆(阿塞拜疆)——流失15万人口的城市
AGDAM (Azerbaijan): once a 150,000 city of people, now lost

阿格达姆(Agdam)曾经是一个欣欣向荣的城市，人口有15万人。在1993年期间的一场纳戈尔诺-卡拉巴赫战争中，城市沦陷。虽然城市已不再作为战略根据地，但亚美尼亚人对城市进行抢掠及破坏。建筑物被烧毁，只有被涂鸦的清真寺能幸免被毁。阿格达姆的居民已迁往阿塞拜疆的其他地区，也有居民迁往伊朗。
The eerie city of Agdam, Azerbaijan was once a thriving city of 150,000 people. It was lost in 1993 during the Nagorno Karabakh war; though the city was never the setting of combat, it fell victim to vandalism while occupied by Armenians. The buildings are gutted and empty, with only the graffiti-covered mosque remaining intact. Agdam residents have moved to other areas of Azerbaijan, as well as into Iran.