各国信用证条款特点和差异分析（三）

（三）、信用证条款的差异
1、 汇票条款差异：
例⑴：CREDIT AVAILABLE WITH THE ADVISING BANK BY NEGOTIATION OF BENEFICIARY’S DRAFTS AT SIGHT DRAWN ON：
翻译：信用证适于通知行议付受益人出具（以某人为付款人）的即期汇票。
例⑵：BENEFICIARY’S MANUALLY SIGNED DRAFTS AT SIGHT ON ABOVE NAMED IMPORTERS FOR FULL INVOICE VALUE BEARING CLAUSE “PAYABLE AT BANK’S CURRENT SELLING RATE OF EXCHANGE ALONGWITH MARK-UP AT RATE PREVAILING IN PAKISTAN” & orIGINAL INVOICES NOT EXCEEDING THIS CREDIT AMOUNT, PREPARED IN THE NAME OF IMPORTERS, IN OCTUPLICATE CERTIFYING MERCHANDISE TO BE OF orIGIN OF.
翻译：受益人手签即期汇票，以上述进口商为付款人，按发票全值出具，注明条款：“可按现行银行卖出汇率以及巴基斯坦市场利率支付”，而且原发票一式十份，以进口商为抬头，金额不超过本证金额，注明商品产地。
分析：港澳地区的信用证汇票条款简明扼要，而亚洲其它国家的信用证汇票条款相对复杂。例⑴中的条款是港澳地区的，例⑵中的条款是亚洲国家巴基斯坦的。
2、 发票条款差异：
例⑴：SIGNED COMMERCIAL INVOICE AT LEAST IN QUADRUPLICATE.
翻译：签署商业发票至少一式四份。
例⑵：SIGNED COMMERCIAL INVOICE IN OCTUPLICATE（SIX COPIES WITH orIGINAL DOCUMENTS, REMAINING COPIES WITH DUPLICATE DOCUMENTS）CERTIFYING MERCHANDISE TO BE OF CHINA orIGIN QUOTING L/A NO 027018 AND BANGLADESH BANK REGISTRATION NO UNDER SEM, DUPLICATE SET OF DOCUMENTS TO BE SENT BY SEPARATE AIRMAIL.
翻译：签署商业发票一式十份（六份随正本单据，余下随副本单据），证实货物产于中国，注明进口许可证号第027018，以及孟加拉银行在“SEM”项下的注册号，副本单据另以航空邮件寄出。
分析：港澳地区的信用证发票条款较为简单，而亚洲其它国家的信用证发票条款较为复杂。例⑴中的条款是港澳地区的，例⑵中的条款是亚洲国家孟加拉的。
3、 提单条款差异：
例⑴：FULL SETS OF orIGINAL CLEAN SHIPPED ON BOARD MARINE BILLS OF LADING ISSUED BY THE MASTER OF THE CARRYING VESSEL or HIS AGENT TO orDER AND BLANK ENDORSED MARKED “FREIGHT PREPAID” AND NOTIFY CHINA orIENT CORP., PIER 19, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.,94111,U.S.A.
翻译：全套正本洁净已装船海洋提单，由船长或其代理人出具，空白抬头，空白背书，注明“运费预付”，并通知美国加利福尼亚旧金山中国远东公司。
例⑵：FULL SET OF THREE CLEAN ON BOARD OCEAN BILLS OF LADING WITH TWO NON-NEGOTIABLE COPIES MADE OUT TO orDER OF BANK OF AYUDHYA LIMITED, NOTIFY BUYERS, MARKED FREIGHT PREPAID AND THIS CREDIT NUMBER.
翻译：全套三份洁净已装船海运提单以及两份非议付副本，作成AYUDHYA银行为抬头人，通知买方，注明运费已付及本证号码。
分析：港澳地区的信用证提单条款的收货人栏一般作成空白抬头较多，通知方为收货地所在买主或代理人，而亚洲其它国家的信用证提单条款的收货人栏通常作成开证行抬头，通知方为信用证的开证人。例⑴中的条款是港澳地区的，例⑵中的条款是亚洲国家泰国的。
4、保单条款差异
例⑴：INSURANCE POLICY or CERTIFICATE IN NEGOTIABLE FORM IN DUPLICATE ENDORSED TO THE orDER OF HANG SENG BANK LTD.，HONG KONG FOR FULL CIF VALUE PLUS AT LEAST 10 PCT COVERING OCEAN MARINE CARGO CLAUSES (ALL RISKS)，OCEAN MARINE CARGO WAR RISKS CLAUSES AND STRIKES CLAUSES OF THE PEOPLE’S INSURANCE CO. OF CHINA WITH CLAIMS PAYABLE AT DESTINATION IN THE CURRENCY OF DRAFTS IRRESPECTIVE OF PERCENTAGE. IN CASE OF CONTAINERIZED SHIPMENT， INSURANCE POLICY or CERTIFICATE MUST STATE THAT THE RISKS OF JETTISON AND or WASHING OVER BOARD HAVE BEEN INCLUDED.
翻译：保险单或保险凭证以可转让的形式一式两份，背书给香港恒生银行抬头，按CIF的发票全值加上至少10%出具，投保中国人民保险公司的海洋货物条款(一切险)、海洋货物战争险条款和罢工险条款。可在目的地以汇票货币索赔。不计免赔率。一旦以集装箱装运，保险单或保险凭证必须声明已包括抛弃险和雨淋险。
例⑵：MARINE INSURANCE POLICY or CERTIFICATE IN DUPLICATE，ENDORSED IN BLANK FOR 110% OF THE INVOICE VALUE，INSURANCE POLICIES or CERTIFICATES MUST EXPRESSLY STIPULATE THAT CLAIMS ARE PAYABLE IN THE CURRENCY OF THE DRAFT AND MUST ALSO INDICATE A CLAIM SETTLING AGENT IN KOREA，INSURANCE MUST INCLUDE：INSTITUTE CARGO CALUSES：ALL RISKS AND WAR RISKS.
翻译：海洋保险单或保险凭证一式两份，空白背书，按发票值的110%出具，保险单或保险凭证必须清楚地规定可以汇票货币索赔，另外必须指明在韩国的赔付代理，保险必须包括：学会货物条款：一切险和战争险。
分析：港澳地区的信用证保单条款一般规定保单可转让且背书给开证行抬头，投保中国人民保险公司的条款，而亚洲其它国家的信用证保单条款通常指定在其本国赔付，投保学会条款，这点对受益人稍为不利。例⑴中的条款是香港地区的保单条款，例⑵中的条款是亚洲国家韩国的保单条款。
4、 其它单据条款差异：
例⑴：BENEFICIARY’S CERTIFICATE CERTIFYING THAT EACH ITEM HAS BEEN BRANDED WITH ‘MADE IN CHINA’.
翻译：受益人证明书证实每批物品已贴上“中国制造”标签。
例⑵：COPY OF FAX TO BE DESPATCHED BY BENEFICIARY TO FONSON CO.，LTD., H.K. AND CHINA orIENT CORP., U.S.A. WITHIN 3 DAYS AFTER SHIPMENT INFORMING NAME OF CARRYING VESSEL, ON BOARD DATE, TOTAL VALUE OF GOODS AND QUANTITY FOR EACH ITEM SHIPPED.
翻译：受益人在装运后三天内发给香港福绅公司和美国远东公司的传真副本，通知运输船名、装船日期、每批货物数量和总值。
例⑶：BENEFICIARY’S SIGNED CERTIFICATE CERTIFYING THAT THEY HAVE SENT 1/3 orIGINAL B/L TO APPLICANT BY COURIER SERVICE DIRECTLY AFTER SHIPMENT IS REQUIRED. A COPY OF COURIER RECEIPT IS ALSO REQUIRED.
翻译：受益人签署证明书，证实他们在装运后已将三份正本提单中的一份用快邮寄给申请人，另需一份快邮收据副本。
例⑷：BENEFICIARIES’ CERTIFICATE CERTIFYING THAT ONE SET OF N.N SHIPPING DOCUMENTS HAS BEEN AIRMAILED DIRECT TO BUYER AFTER SHIPMENT HAS BEEN MADE.
翻译：受益人证明书，证明一套非议付装运单据已在装船后直接邮寄给买方。
分析：港澳地区的信用证其它单据条款一般是要求出具受益人证明和电抄(装船通知)，而亚洲其它国家的信用证其它单据条款通常是要求将提单正本或副本单据寄给买方或指定人，寄正本提单这点对受益人较为不利。例⑴和例⑵中的条款是港澳地区的，例⑶和例⑷中的条款分别是亚洲国家新加坡和泰国的。
来源：零度空间http://www.0point.cn
原文地址：http://www.0point.cn/article/foreign-trade/diff-country-lc-item-compare-analysis-3.htm